案例陳述，子查詢，DATEPART函數，DATENAME函數

Question

我需要構造一個查詢以使用SQL從下表中查找以下信息：

查找曾經在周六起飛並在周日降落的航班的其他乘客的姓名。

這是數據庫模式中的表：

Company table

ID_comp name
------------

1   Don_avia  
2   Aeroflot  
3   Dale_avia 
4   air_France
5   British_AW



Passenger table

ID_psg name
-----------

1   Bruce Willis        
2   George Clooney      
3   Kevin Costner       
4   Donald Sutherland   
5   Jennifer Lopez      
6   Ray Liotta          
7   Samuel L. Jackson   
8   Nikole Kidman       
9   Alan Rickman        
10  Kurt Russell        
11  Harrison Ford       
12  Russell Crowe       
13  Steve Martin        
14  Michael Caine       
15  Angelina Jolie      
16  Mel Gibson          
17  Michael Douglas     
18  John Travolta       
19  Sylvester Stallone  
20  Tommy Lee Jones     
21  Catherine Zeta-Jones
22  Antonio Banderas    
23  Kim Basinger        
24  Sam Neill           
25  Gary Oldman         
26  Clint Eastwood      
27  Brad Pitt           
28  Johnny Depp         
29  Pierce Brosnan      
30  Sean Connery        
31  Bruce Willis        
37  Mullah Omar    

Pass_in_trip table

trip_no date                  ID_psg place
-------------------------

1100    2003-04-29 00:00:00.000 1   1a        
1123    2003-04-05 00:00:00.000 3   2a        
1123    2003-04-08 00:00:00.000 1   4c        
1123    2003-04-08 00:00:00.000 6   4b        
1124    2003-04-02 00:00:00.000 2   2d        
1145    2003-04-05 00:00:00.000 3   2c        
1145    2003-04-25 00:00:00.000 5   1d        
1181    2003-04-01 00:00:00.000 1   1a        
1181    2003-04-01 00:00:00.000 6   1b        
1181    2003-04-01 00:00:00.000 8   3c        
1181    2003-04-13 00:00:00.000 5   1b        
1182    2003-04-13 00:00:00.000 5   4b        
1182    2003-04-13 00:00:00.000 9   6d        
1187    2003-04-14 00:00:00.000 8   3a        
1187    2003-04-14 00:00:00.000 10  3d        
1188    2003-04-01 00:00:00.000 8   3a        
7771    2005-11-04 00:00:00.000 11  4a        
7771    2005-11-07 00:00:00.000 11  1b        
7771    2005-11-07 00:00:00.000 37  1c        
7771    2005-11-09 00:00:00.000 11  5a        
7771    2005-11-14 00:00:00.000 14  4d        
7771    2005-11-16 00:00:00.000 14  5d        
7772    2005-11-07 00:00:00.000 12  1d        
7772    2005-11-07 00:00:00.000 37  1a        
7772    2005-11-29 00:00:00.000 10  3a        
7772    2005-11-29 00:00:00.000 13  1b        
7772    2005-11-29 00:00:00.000 14  1c        
7773    2005-11-07 00:00:00.000 13  2d        
7778    2005-11-05 00:00:00.000 10  2a        
8881    2005-11-08 00:00:00.000 37  1d        
8882    2005-11-06 00:00:00.000 37  1a        
8882    2005-11-13 00:00:00.000 14  3d  


Trip table

trip_no ID_comp plane town_from town_to time_out time_in
--------------------------------------------------------

1100    4   Boeing      Rostov      Paris       1900-01-01 14:30:00.000  1900-01-01 17:50:00.000
1101    4   Boeing      Paris       Rostov      1900-01-01 08:12:00.000  1900-01-01 11:45:00.000
1123    3   TU-154      Rostov      Vladivostok 1900-01-01 16:20:00.000  1900-01-01 03:40:00.000
1124    3   TU-154      Vladivostok Rostov      1900-01-01 09:00:00.000  1900-01-01 19:50:00.000
1145    2   IL-86       Moscow      Rostov      1900-01-01 09:35:00.000  1900-01-01 11:23:00.000
1146    2   IL-86       Rostov      Moscow      1900-01-01 17:55:00.000 1900-01-01 20:01:00.000
1181    1   TU-134      Rostov      Moscow      1900-01-01 06:12:00.000 1900-01-01 08:01:00.000
1182    1   TU-134      Moscow      Rostov      1900-01-01 12:35:00.000 1900-01-01 14:30:00.000
1187    1   TU-134      Rostov      Moscow      1900-01-01 15:42:00.000 1900-01-01 17:39:00.000
1188    1   TU-134      Moscow      Rostov      1900-01-01 22:50:00.000 1900-01-01 00:48:00.000
1195    1   TU-154      Rostov      Moscow      1900-01-01 23:30:00.000 1900-01-01 01:11:00.000
1196    1   TU-154      Moscow      Rostov      1900-01-01 04:00:00.000 1900-01-01 05:45:00.000
7771    5   Boeing      London      Singapore   1900-01-01 01:00:00.000 1900-01-01 11:00:00.000
7772    5   Boeing      Singapore   London      1900-01-01 12:00:00.000 1900-01-01 02:00:00.000
7773    5   Boeing      London      Singapore   1900-01-01 03:00:00.000 1900-01-01 13:00:00.000
7774    5   Boeing      Singapore   London      1900-01-01 14:00:00.000 1900-01-01 06:00:00.000
7775    5   Boeing      London      Singapore   1900-01-01 09:00:00.000 1900-01-01 20:00:00.000
7776    5   Boeing      Singapore   London      1900-01-01 18:00:00.000 1900-01-01 08:00:00.000
7777    5   Boeing      London      Singapore   1900-01-01 18:00:00.000 1900-01-01 06:00:00.000
7778    5   Boeing      Singapore   London      1900-01-01 22:00:00.000 1900-01-01 12:00:00.000
8881    5   Boeing      London      Paris       1900-01-01 03:00:00.000 1900-01-01 04:00:00.000
8882    5   Boeing      Paris       London      1900-01-01 22:00:00.000 1900-01-01 23:00:00.000

關於如何格式化最后一個表格的任何建議也將不勝感激，在過去的一個小時中，我一直在嘗試對其進行修復！

Answer 1

如果我們假設一個航班最多不超過24小時，那么我們要做的就是查找從星期六開始的航班，並在time_out之前添加一個time_in值。 使用MSSQL可能看起來像這樣：

select p.name
from Pass_in_trip pit
join Trip t on t.trip_no = pit.trip_no
join Passenger p on pit.ID_psg = p.ID_psg
where DATENAME(dw, pit.date) = 'Saturday'
and t.time_in < t.time_out

使用您的樣本數據將返回：

Kevin Costner
Kurt Russell

當然，如果一次旅行可能花費超過24小時，則無法確定飛行是否發生在兩個日期之間，因為數據模型不會記錄該情況。

對於Oracle，您可以像這樣to_char(date, 'DAY') = 'Saturday'進行工作日檢查，但是我無法進行測試。