[英]How to simplify a complex mysql full outer join
我試圖在Mysql中創建一個完全外部聯接。 我找到了基本問題的幾個答案,並且正在使用“聯合”使其正常工作。 但是,如果不依靠創建一些臨時表,就無法獲得正確的語法。 我嘗試不使用表來生成查詢,但是我始終無法獲得結果來包含帶有空partner_id的條目。
這是減少的數據集,已經由meeting_id過濾:
+-----+---------+--------+------------+------------+
| pid | first | gender | meeting_id | partner_id |
+-----+---------+--------+------------+------------+
| 2 | Vicki | F | 74 | NULL |
| 54 | Fazal | M | 74 | 4 |
| 4 | Lisa | F | 74 | 54 |
| 10 | Rod | M | 74 | 57 |
| 57 | Kellee | F | 74 | 10 |
| 11 | Jake | M | 74 | 55 |
| 55 | Rosa | F | 74 | 11 |
| 47 | Ralph | M | 74 | 46 |
| 46 | Holly | F | 74 | 47 |
| 40 | Wes | M | 74 | 12 |
| 12 | Lori | F | 74 | 40 |
| 5 | Richard | M | 74 | 6 |
| 6 | Rita | F | 74 | 5 |
| 15 | John | M | 74 | 16 |
| 16 | Corie | F | 74 | 15 |
+-----+---------+--------+------------+------------+
我的原始查詢如下所示:
set @mtg=74;
select
a.pid,
concat(a.first, ' ', a.last) as guy,
a.issub as guysub,
b.pid,
concat(b.first, ' ', b.last) as gal,
b.issub as galsub,
b.partner_id
from
scheduled_players a
left outer join
scheduled_players b
on a.partner_id = b.pid
where
a.gender = 'M' and a.meeting_id = @mtg and b.meeting_id = @mtg
union
select
a.pid,
concat(a.first, ' ', a.last) as guy,
a.issub as guysub,
b.pid,
concat(b.first, ' ', b.last) as gal,
b.issub as galsub,
b.partner_id
from
scheduled_players a
left outer join
scheduled_players b
on b.partner_id = a.pid
where
a.gender = 'M' and a.meeting_id = @mtg and b.meeting_id = @mtg
;
該查詢未返回帶有空partner_id的單個條目。 我在StackOverflow上閱讀了許多答案,似乎where子句可能導致外部聯接恢復為內部聯接。 就我而言,我沒有看到這種情況如何發生,但是為了測試這一點,我決定創建臨時表以包含“ where”子句元素。 我需要為“ guys”和“ gals”中的每個人創建2個臨時表,因為我在查詢中有2次表。 結果在這里:
set @mtg=74;
create temporary table if not exists
meeting_guys as select * from scheduled_players
where meeting_id = @mtg and gender='M';
create temporary table if not exists
meeting_gals as select * from scheduled_players
where meeting_id = @mtg and gender='F';
create temporary table if not exists
meeting_guys2 as select * from scheduled_players
where meeting_id = @mtg and gender='M';
create temporary table if not exists
meeting_gals2 as select * from scheduled_players
where meeting_id = @mtg and gender='F';
select
a.pid,
concat(a.first, ' ', a.last) as guy,
a.issub as guysub,
b.pid,
concat(b.first, ' ', b.last) as gal,
b.issub as galsub,
b.partner_id
from
meeting_guys a
left outer join
meeting_gals b
on a.partner_id = b.pid
union
select
a.pid,
concat(a.first, ' ', a.last) as guy,
a.issub as guysub,
b.pid,
concat(b.first, ' ', b.last) as gal,
b.issub as galsub,
b.partner_id
from
meeting_guys2 a
right outer join
meeting_gals2 b
on b.partner_id = a.pid
;
事實證明這是可行的,並且我收到了預期的結果(我刪除了姓氏,因為這些是真實的人):
+------+---------+--------+------+--------+--------+------------+
| pid | guy | guysub | pid | gal | galsub | partner_id |
+------+---------+--------+------+--------+--------+------------+
| 54 | Fazal | 0 | 4 | Lisa | 0 | 54 |
| 10 | Rod | 0 | 57 | Kellee | 0 | 10 |
| 11 | Jake | 0 | 55 | Rosa | 0 | 11 |
| 47 | Ralph | 0 | 46 | Holly | 0 | 47 |
| 40 | Wes | 0 | 12 | Lori | 0 | 40 |
| 5 | Richard | 0 | 6 | Rita | 0 | 5 |
| 15 | John | 0 | 16 | Corie | 0 | 15 |
| NULL | NULL | NULL | 2 | Vicki | 0 | NULL |
+------+---------+--------+------+--------+--------+------------+
我可以得到想要的結果,但是我不明白為什么先前的查詢不起作用。 幸運的是,我有一個可行的解決方案,但是我真的很想知道是否有更好,更優化的方法。
首先要指出的是,這未經測試,因此您可能只需要對其進行調整,但聽起來比修復奇數錯誤的能力還強。 如果您確實需要我弄清楚為什么我做了某件事,或者您需要我來解決某件事,只需說一句話。
為了解釋為什么您的第一次嘗試意外消除了空記錄,您正確的是您的where子句正在執行此操作。 對於左連接, a.meeting_id = @mtg and b.meeting_id = @mtg
可以使用a.meeting_id = @mtg和(b.meeting_id = @mtg或b.meeting_id為null)代替a.meeting_id = @mtg and b.meeting_id = @mtg
加入后,您將在左側表格中檢查null。
至於替代解決方案,我使用了一個臨時表將結果集限制為僅匹配的Meeting_id的早期(以提高性能),以防您的表很大,然后在派生表中篩選M / F。
希望對您有幫助。
set @mtg=74;
create temporary table if not exists
meeting as
select
pid,
concat(first, ' ', last) as full_name,
issub,
partner_id,
meeting_id,
gender
from scheduled_players
where meeting_id = @mtg;
select
M.pid,
M.full_name as guy,
M.issub as guysub,
F.pid,
F.full_name as gal,
F.issub as galsub,
F.partner_id
from
(select * from meeting where gender = 'M') M
left outer join (select * from meeting where gender = 'F') F
on M.partner_id = F.pid
UNION
select
M.pid,
M.full_name as guy,
M.issub as guysub,
F.pid,
F.full_name as gal,
F.issub as galsub,
F.partner_id
from
(select * from meeting where gender = 'M') M
right outer join (select * from meeting where gender = 'F') F
on F.partner_id = M.pid
編輯
如果性能不是問題,那么也許完全忘記temp表,然后直接在派生表中引用該表就更簡單了;
select concat(first, ' ', last) as full_name, * from scheduled_players where gender = 'M' and meeting_id = @mtg
select concat(first, ' ', last) as full_name, * from scheduled_players where gender = 'F' and meeting_id = @mtg
您還可以創建一個臨時表,然后在單獨的查詢中插入和更新該臨時表。
一天結束時對您有用的一切。
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