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當距離為坐標時,使用Dijkstra算法獲得最短路徑

[英]Use Dijkstra's algorithm to get shortest path when distance are as coordinates

我在這里看過其他有關此事的帖子。

我試圖找到圖中節點之間的最短路徑。 節點之間的每個邊具有(X, Y)坐標。

我想計算從Node INode J的最短距離。 一旦有了,我想從最短路徑的坐標中加起所有X值和Y值。

我已經堅持了好幾個小時,並且喜歡一些見解。

這是代碼:

class Vertex implements Comparable<Vertex> {
    private int id;
    private List<Edge> adjacencyList;
    private Vertex previousVertex;
    private double minDistance;
    private Coordinate point;

    public Vertex(int id, Coordinate point) {
        this.id = id;
        this.point = point;
        this.adjacencyList = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public int getID() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public Coordinate getPoint() {
        return this.point;
    }

    public List<Edge> getAdjacencyList() {
        return this.adjacencyList;
    }

    public void addNeighbour(Edge edge) {
        this.adjacencyList.add(edge);
    }

    public Vertex getPreviousVertex() {
        return this.previousVertex;
    }

    public void setPreviousVertex(Vertex previousVertex) {
        this.previousVertex = previousVertex;
    }

    public double getMinDistance() {
        return this.minDistance;
    }

    public void setMinDistance(double minDistance) {
        this.minDistance = minDistance;
    }

    public int compareTo(Vertex other) {
        return Double.compare(this.minDistance, other.minDistance);
    }
}


class Edge {
    private double weight;
    private Vertex targetVertex;

    public Edge(double weight, Vertex targetVertex) {
        this.weight = weight;
        this.targetVertex = targetVertex;
    }

    public double getWeight() {
        return this.weight;
    }

    public void setWeight(double weight) {
        this.weight = weight;
    }

    public Vertex getTargetVertex() {
        return this.targetVertex;
    }

    public void setTargetVertex(Vertex targetVertex) {
        this.targetVertex = targetVertex;
    }
}

class Algorithm {
    public void shortestPath(Vertex startVertex) {
        startVertex.setMinDistance(0);
        PriorityQueue<Vertex> queue = new PriorityQueue<>();
        queue.add(startVertex);

        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
            Vertex actualVertex = queue.poll();

            for (Edge edge : actualVertex.getAdjacencyList()) {
                Vertex v = edge.getTargetVertex();
                double weight = edge.getWeight();               
                double currentDistance = actualVertex.getMinDistance() + weight;

                if (currentDistance < v.getMinDistance()) {
                    queue.remove(v);
                    v.setMinDistance(currentDistance);
                    v.setPreviousVertex(actualVertex);
                    queue.add(v);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public List<Vertex> getShortestPathTo(Vertex targetVertex){
        List<Vertex> path = new ArrayList<Vertex>();
        for (Vertex vertex = targetVertex; vertex != null; vertex = vertex.getPreviousVertex()){
            path.add(vertex);
        }
        Collections.reverse(path);
        return path;    
    }
}

class Coordinate {
    private int x;
    private int y;

    Coordinate(int x, int y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int getX() {
        return this.x;
    } 

    public int getY() {
        return this.y;
    }

    public static Coordinate readInput(Scanner in) {
       String[] temp = in.nextLine().split(" ");
       return new Coordinate(Integer.parseInt(temp[0]), Integer.parseInt(temp[1]));
    }
}

如果我從這個文本文件中讀取

3 //坐標數

0 0 //(x,y)

1 1 //(x,y)

2 0 //(x,y)

1 2 //坐標1到2之間的邊緣

2 3 //坐標2到3之間的邊緣

我的測試用例看起來像這樣:

class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        String[] constants = s.nextLine().split(" ");

        final int N = Integer.parseInt(constants[0]);

        List<Coordinate> junctions = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Coordinate> paths = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Vertex> vertices = new ArrayList<>();

        for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            junctions.add(Coordinate.readInput(s));
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < N-1; i++) {
            paths.add(Coordinate.readInput(s));
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < N-1; i++) {
            int x = junctions.get(paths.get(i).getX() - 1).getX();
            int x1 = junctions.get(paths.get(i).getY() - 1).getX();
            int y = junctions.get(paths.get(i).getX() - 1).getY();
            int y1 = junctions.get(paths.get(i).getY() - 1).getY();

            Vertex vertex1 = new Vertex(paths.get(i).getX(), new Coordinate(x, y));
            Vertex vertex2 = new Vertex(paths.get(i).getY(), new Coordinate(x1, y1));

            double distance = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x - x1, 2) + Math.pow(y - y1, 2));

            vertex1.addNeighbour(new Edge(distance, vertex2));

            vertices.add(vertex1);
            vertices.add(vertex2);
        }

        Algorithm a = new Algorithm();
        int x = 0;
        int y = 0;

        for(int i = 0; i < vertices.size(); i++) {
            a.shortestPath(vertices.get(i));

            for(Vertex vertex : a.getShortestPathTo(vertices.get(i+1))) {
                x += vertices.get(vertex.getID()).getPoint().getX();
                y += vertices.get(vertex.getID()).getPoint().getY();
            }

        }
        //This prints out "Total X: 5 Total Y: 3" (should be 3 and 1)
        System.out.println("Total X: " + x + " Total Y: " + y);
    }
}

要解決此問題,您需要跟蹤每個節點,Dijktra樹中該節點的父節點是什么。 一旦你跟蹤了你能夠以遞歸方式恢復最短路徑,就可以遍歷它並計算你需要知道的內容。

你的問題在這部分:

public void shortestPath(Vertex startVertex) {
    startVertex.setMinDistance(0);
    PriorityQueue<Vertex> queue = new PriorityQueue<>();
    queue.add(startVertex);
    //The rest is omitted
}

每次運行時間shortestPath方法,你應該重置所有minDistance在所有的頂點到無窮大,不只是startVertex

對於除startVertex之外的所有頂點,開頭的minDistance應設置為無窮大(或Double.MAX_VALUE ),或者始終為0

碼:

for(Vertex v : vertices){
    v.setMinDistance(Double.MAX_VALUE);
    v.setPreviousVertex(null);  
}
a.shortestPath(vertices.get(i));

此外,在Test類的第三個循環中,您初始化多個相同的頂點。 所以,你應該做的是,預先初始化所有頂點並將它們保存在這樣的數組中:

for(int i = 0; i < N; i++){
    vertices.add(new Vertex(i + 1, junctions.get(i)); 
}

for(int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++){
    //Initialize x, y, x1, y1 here, I just skipped it
    Vertex vertex1 = vertices.get(paths.getX() - 1);
    Vertex vertex2 = vertices.get(paths.getY() - 1);

    double distance = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x - x1, 2) + Math.pow(y - y1, 2));

    vertex1.addNeighbour(new Edge(distance, vertex2));


}

正如所承諾的那樣,我為我的二分圖解算器創建了一個github repo。 你可以看一下: GitHub上的Bipartite Solver

正如您所解釋的那樣,您有一組點,您正試圖找到它們之間的最小距離。 你有一大堆X和Y坐標,並且你試圖找到節點之間最小的歐氏距離。

您最感興趣的算法是Jonker-Volgenant,它實現了Dijkstra的遍歷節點的算法。

該庫包含一組可以運行以測試代碼的獨立可執行文件

如果這對您有用,請告訴我。

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