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[英]How to permanently set Environment Variables for the Visual Studio command line
[英]How to set Environment variables permanently in C#
我使用以下代碼來獲取和設置環境變量。
public static string Get( string name, bool ExpandVariables=true ) {
if ( ExpandVariables ) {
return System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable( name );
} else {
return (string)Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey( @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" ).GetValue( name, "", Microsoft.Win32.RegistryValueOptions.DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames );
}
}
public static void Set( string name, string value ) {
System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable( name, value );
}
我面臨的問題是,即使程序以管理員身份運行,只要程序運行,環境變量就會持續存在。 我已經通過在上一個實例中設置的變量運行Get來確認了這一點。
上面的示例用法
Set("OPENSSL_CONF", @"c:\openssl\openssl.cfg");
並檢索
MessageBox.Show( Get("OPENSSL_CONF") );
在程序運行時,使用Set
,使用Get
返回值,沒有任何問題。 問題是環境變量不是永久性的(在系統上設置)。
它也永遠不會出現在高級屬性下。
提前致謝。
在程序運行時,使用Set后,使用Get返回值,沒有任何問題。 問題是環境變量不是永久性的(在系統上設置)。
那是因為您正在使用的SetEnvironmentVariable
超載存儲在流程變量中。 來自文檔 :
調用此方法等效於使用值為EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process的目標參數調用SetEnvironmentVariable(String,String,EnvironmentVariableTarget)重載。
您需要使用指定EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine
的重載:
public static void Set(string name, string value)
{
Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(name, value, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
}
根據MSDN,您使用的方法只是修改進程運行時的變量。
嘗試這里描述的重載: https : //msdn.microsoft.com/library/96xafkes%28v=vs.110%29.aspx
這是一個通過以編程方式編輯注冊表來永久更新User PATH變量的示例:
// Admin Permission not-required:
// HKCU\Environment\Path
// Admin Permission required:
// HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control
// \Session Manager\Environment\Path
public static void UserPathAppend(string path, int verbose=1) {
string oldpath = UserPathGet();
List<string> newpathlist = oldpath.Split(';').ToList();
newpathlist.Add(path);
string newpath = String.Join(";", newpathlist.ToArray());
UserPathSet(newpath);
UpdateEnvPath();
if (verbose!=0) {
System.Windows.MessageBox.Show(
"PATH APPEND:\n\n"
+ path + "\n\n"
+ "OLD HKCU PATH:\n\n"
+ oldpath + "\n\n"
+ "NEW HKCU PATH:\n\n"
+ newpath + "\n\n"
+ "REGISTRY KEY MODIFIED:\n\n"
+ "HKCU\\Environment\\Path\n\n"
+ "NOTE:\n\n"
+ "'Command Path' is a concat of 'HKLM Path' & 'HKCU Path'.\n",
"Updated Current User Path Environment Variable"
);
}
}
public static void UserPathPrepend(string path, int verbose=1) {
string oldpath = UserPathGet();
List<string> newpathlist = oldpath.Split(';').ToList();
newpathlist.Insert(0, path);
string newpath = String.Join(";", newpathlist.ToArray());
UserPathSet(newpath);
UpdateEnvPath();
if (verbose != 0) {
System.Windows.MessageBox.Show(
"PATH PREPEND:\n\n"
+ path + "\n\n"
+ "OLD HKCU PATH:\n\n"
+ oldpath + "\n\n"
+ "NEW HKCU PATH:\n\n"
+ newpath + "\n\n"
+ "REGISTRY KEY MODIFIED:\n\n"
+ "HKCU\\Environment\\Path\n\n"
+ "NOTE:\n\n"
+ "'Command Path' is a concat of 'HKLM Path' & 'HKCU Path'.\n",
"Updated Current User Path Environment Variable"
);
}
}
public static string UserPathGet()
{
// Reads Registry Path "HKCU\Environment\Path"
string subKey = "Environment";
Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey sk = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(subKey);
if (sk == null)
return null;
else
return sk.GetValue("Path").ToString();
}
public static void UserPathSet(string newpath)
{
// Writes Registry Path "HKCU\Environment\Path"
string subKey = "Environment";
Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey sk1 = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(subKey);
sk1.SetValue("Path", newpath);
}
//===========================================================
// Private: This part required if you don't want to logout
// and login again to see Path Variable update
//===========================================================
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern IntPtr SendMessageTimeout(IntPtr hWnd,
uint Msg, UIntPtr wParam, string lParam,
SendMessageTimeoutFlags fuFlags,
uint uTimeout, out UIntPtr lpdwResult);
private enum SendMessageTimeoutFlags : uint
{
SMTO_NORMAL = 0x0, SMTO_BLOCK = 0x1,
SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG = 0x2, SMTO_NOTIMEOUTIFNOTHUNG = 0x8
}
private static void UpdateEnvPath() {
// SEE: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/104011/how-to-propagate-environment-variables-to-the-system
// Need to send WM_SETTINGCHANGE Message to
// propagage changes to Path env from registry
IntPtr HWND_BROADCAST = (IntPtr)0xffff;
const UInt32 WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x001A;
UIntPtr result;
IntPtr settingResult
= SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST,
WM_SETTINGCHANGE, (UIntPtr)0,
"Environment",
SendMessageTimeoutFlags.SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG,
5000, out result);
}
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