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處理不同的屏幕尺寸（Android）

[英]Handling different screen sizes (Android)

 原文  2015-08-25 08:21:16  7   3    android/ android-resources/ multiscreen

問題描述

自從開始android開發以來，我一直在使用以下drawable文件夾結構...

drawable-mdpi drawable-hdpi drawable-xhdpi drawable-xxhdpi

現在我的問題是這個，我在2個不同的設備上測試

Lenovo Tab S8 - 1980 * 1200 - xxhdpi
Nexus 5 - 1080 * 1920 - xxhdpi

lenovo標簽物理屏幕大小約為Nexus的兩倍，但它們都從drawable-xxhdpi中提取圖像。

這意味着如果我最初為nexus構建我的應用程序，那么當部署在Tab上時，它將被大量空白的未使用空間包圍。 但是，如果我在Tab上發展得很好，那么Nexus就會顯得非常震撼。

在此輸入圖像描述 在此輸入圖像描述

我在這里讀過

（ http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Handling_Different_Android_Devices_and_Displays ）

添加帶有名稱的可繪制文件夾

繪制，sw200dp
繪制，sw600dp
繪制，sw800dp

處理不同的屏幕尺寸，但這只是在Nexus上崩潰我的應用程序。 標簽很好。

任何人都可以解釋為什么這是和/或解決方法來處理xxhdpi類別中的不同大小？

更新： - 似乎導致問題的XML布局（fragment_tutorial2.xml）...... 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:paddingTop="20dip">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/hint"
        style="@style/TutorialTitle1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/tut_text2" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/hint2"
        style="@style/TutorialTitle2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/hint"
        android:text="@string/tut_text3"/>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/documentlist"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:src="@drawable/documentlist" />

</RelativeLayout>

樣式.... 

<style name="TutorialTitle1" parent="AppBaseTheme">
        <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
        <item name="android:gravity">center</item>
        <item name="android:textSize">50sp</item>
        <item name="android:textColor">@color/white</item>
        <item name="android:paddingTop">5dp</item>
    </style>

    <style name="TutorialTitle2" parent="AppBaseTheme">
        <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
        <item name="android:gravity">center</item>
        <item name="android:textSize">20sp</item>
        <item name="android:textColor">@color/white</item>
        <item name="android:paddingBottom">25dp</item>
    </style>

使用名為drawable-sw200dp的文件夾發布到Nexus時的Logcat ... 

2243-2243/uk.co.danbd.heswresources E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: uk.co.danbd.heswresources, PID: 2243
    android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #21: Error inflating class <unknown>
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:633)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414)
            at uk.co.danbd.heswresources.TutorialFragment.onCreateView(TutorialFragment.java:105)
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1789)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:955)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1138)
            at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:740)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1501)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.executePendingTransactions(FragmentManager.java:490)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter.finishUpdate(FragmentPagerAdapter.java:141)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:1105)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:951)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.onMeasure(ViewPager.java:1473)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.measureChildHorizontal(RelativeLayout.java:727)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.onMeasure(RelativeLayout.java:463)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1436)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:722)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:613)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onMeasure(PhoneWindow.java:2615)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:2015)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:1173)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1379)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1061)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:5885)
            at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:767)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:580)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:550)
            at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:753)
            at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
     Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:288)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:607)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414)
            at uk.co.danbd.heswresources.TutorialFragment.onCreateView(TutorialFragment.java:105)
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1789)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:955)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1138)
            at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:740)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1501)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.executePendingTransactions(FragmentManager.java:490)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter.finishUpdate(FragmentPagerAdapter.java:141)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:1105)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:951)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.onMeasure(ViewPager.java:1473)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.measureChildHorizontal(RelativeLayout.java:727)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.onMeasure(RelativeLayout.java:463)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1436)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:722)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:613)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onMeasure(PhoneWindow.java:2615)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:2015)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:1173)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1379)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1061)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:5885)
            at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:767)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:580)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:550)
            at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:753)
            at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
     Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 7607

TutorialFrament.java（在onCreateView（）中）.... 

switch (page) {
            case 0 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial1, container, false);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView1),R.anim.fadescalein,1000);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView2),R.anim.fadescalein,2000);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView3), R.anim.fadescalein, 2100);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView4), R.anim.fadescalein, 2200);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView5), R.anim.fadescalein, 2300);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView6), R.anim.fadescalein, 2400);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView7), R.anim.fadescalein, 2500);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView8), R.anim.fadescalein, 2600);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView9), R.anim.fadescalein, 2700);
                break;
            case 1 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial2, container, false); // line 105
                break;
            case 2 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial3, container, false);
                break;
            case 3 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial4, container, false);
                break;
            case 4 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial5, container, false);
                break;
            case 5 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial6, container, false);
                listView = (ListView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.list);
                if (prefs.getString("type", "Acute") == "Acute") {
                    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), R.layout.tutorial_layout_row, valuesAcute);
                    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
                } else {
                    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), R.layout.tutorial_layout_row, valuesMentalHealth);
                    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
                }
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(listPairedClickItem);
                break;
        }
        return rootView;

fragment_tutorial1.xml 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:paddingTop="20dip" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/logo_margin_top"
        android:src="@drawable/doctorslogo" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:src="@drawable/ecg" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignTop="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/handwash" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_above="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignRight="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/chart" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView5"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignTop="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_marginTop="-40dp"
        android:src="@drawable/cross" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView6"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView5"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/steph" />    

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView7"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_marginBottom="-49dp"
        android:src="@drawable/hygieia" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView8"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/hospital" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView9"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/droplet" />

</RelativeLayout>

3 個解決方案

解決方案1
 2  2015-08-25 08:59:57

引起：java.lang.OutOfMemoryError：無法分配7607

是的原因，似乎你的位圖太大了。

解決方案2
 2 已采納  2015-08-25 09:22:21

@AndrewBramwell

什么是你的logcat投擲

引起：java.lang.OutOfMemoryError：無法分配7607

http://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.html

對於Android來說太大了，內存不足。所以，最好將圖像resize為更小的尺寸。

並在ImageView中添加它 

android:adjustViewBounds="true"

如果希望ImageView調整其邊界以保持其drawable的縱橫比，請將此屬性設置為true。

必須是布爾值，“true”或“false”。

您可以在清單應用程序標記中設置android:largeHeap="true" 。

解決方案3
 1  2015-08-25 08:53:59

支持不同的設備屏幕對Android開發人員來說是一個挑戰，除非您知道該怎么做。

要支持不同的設備，您可以執行以下操作（drawables）：

在普通項目中，您有以下可繪制文件夾 - 請記住，這與您要在應用程序中支持的設備無關：

  • 繪制/
  • 繪制，MDPI /
  • 提拉 - 華電國際/
  • 繪制-xhdpi /
  • 繪制-xxhdpi /
  • 繪制-xxxhdpi /

一旦為上述文件夾生成了適當大小的圖像，您的應用程序，android將自動為相應的設備加載正確的資源（例如Nexus 4,5英寸，7英寸，10英寸）。

為不同的屏幕尺寸（布局）提供支持

例如，使用您的開發設備（可能是Nexus 4），您可以為要支持的其他屏幕尺寸創建布局文件夾。 例如，我將創建以下文件夾：

  • 布局sw300dp /
  • 布局sw400dp /
  • 布局sw600dp /
  • 布局sw800dp /

在上面的布局文件夾中，您可以分別設置xml文件/視圖的樣式，以便具有不同屏幕的用戶仍然可以看到您希望他們查看的應用程序。

同樣，android系統將加載正確的資源。

我希望這會有所幫助，讓我知道它是怎么回事！ 祝好運！

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