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处理不同的屏幕尺寸(Android)

[英]Handling different screen sizes (Android)

Since starting android development I have have been using the following drawable folder structure... 自从开始android开发以来,我一直在使用以下drawable文件夹结构...

drawable-mdpi drawable-hdpi drawable-xhdpi drawable-xxhdpi drawable-mdpi drawable-hdpi drawable-xhdpi drawable-xxhdpi

now my problem is this, Im testing on 2 different devices 现在我的问题是这个,我在2个不同的设备上测试

Lenovo Tab S8 - 1980*1200 - xxhdpi Lenovo Tab S8 - 1980 * 1200 - xxhdpi
Nexus 5 - 1080*1920 - xxhdpi Nexus 5 - 1080 * 1920 - xxhdpi

The lenovo tabs physical screen-size is about twice that of the Nexus, but they both pull their images from drawable-xxhdpi. lenovo标签物理屏幕大小约为Nexus的两倍,但它们都从drawable-xxhdpi中提取图像。

This means that if I initially build my app for the nexus, then when deployed on the Tab it will be surrounded by lots of blank unused space. 这意味着如果我最初为nexus构建我的应用程序,那么当部署在Tab上时,它将被大量空白的未使用空间包围。 But If I develop to fit nicely on the Tab it appears completely blown up on the Nexus. 但是,如果我在Tab上发展得很好,那么Nexus就会显得非常震撼。

在此输入图像描述 在此输入图像描述

I have read here 我在这里读过

( http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Handling_Different_Android_Devices_and_Displays ) http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Handling_Different_Android_Devices_and_Displays

to add a drawable folder with the name 添加带有名称的可绘制文件夹

drawable-sw200dp 绘制,sw200dp
drawable-sw600dp 绘制,sw600dp
drawable-sw800dp 绘制,sw800dp

to handle different screen sizes but this just crashes my app on the Nexus. 处理不同的屏幕尺寸,但这只是在Nexus上崩溃我的应用程序。 Tab is fine. 标签很好。

Can anybody explain why this is and/or a workaround to handle different sizes within the xxhdpi category? 任何人都可以解释为什么这是和/或解决方法来处理xxhdpi类别中的不同大小?

UPDATE:- XML layout that appears to be causing the proble (fragment_tutorial2.xml)... 更新: - 似乎导致问题的XML布局(fragment_tutorial2.xml)......

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:paddingTop="20dip">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/hint"
        style="@style/TutorialTitle1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/tut_text2" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/hint2"
        style="@style/TutorialTitle2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/hint"
        android:text="@string/tut_text3"/>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/documentlist"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:src="@drawable/documentlist" />

</RelativeLayout>

Styles.... 样式....

<style name="TutorialTitle1" parent="AppBaseTheme">
        <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
        <item name="android:gravity">center</item>
        <item name="android:textSize">50sp</item>
        <item name="android:textColor">@color/white</item>
        <item name="android:paddingTop">5dp</item>
    </style>

    <style name="TutorialTitle2" parent="AppBaseTheme">
        <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
        <item name="android:gravity">center</item>
        <item name="android:textSize">20sp</item>
        <item name="android:textColor">@color/white</item>
        <item name="android:paddingBottom">25dp</item>
    </style>

Logcat when publishing to Nexus with a folder called drawable-sw200dp ... 使用名为drawable-sw200dp的文件夹发布到Nexus时的Logcat ...

2243-2243/uk.co.danbd.heswresources E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: uk.co.danbd.heswresources, PID: 2243
    android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #21: Error inflating class <unknown>
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:633)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414)
            at uk.co.danbd.heswresources.TutorialFragment.onCreateView(TutorialFragment.java:105)
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1789)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:955)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1138)
            at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:740)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1501)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.executePendingTransactions(FragmentManager.java:490)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter.finishUpdate(FragmentPagerAdapter.java:141)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:1105)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:951)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.onMeasure(ViewPager.java:1473)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.measureChildHorizontal(RelativeLayout.java:727)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.onMeasure(RelativeLayout.java:463)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1436)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:722)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:613)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onMeasure(PhoneWindow.java:2615)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:2015)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:1173)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1379)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1061)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:5885)
            at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:767)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:580)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:550)
            at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:753)
            at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
     Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:288)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:607)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414)
            at uk.co.danbd.heswresources.TutorialFragment.onCreateView(TutorialFragment.java:105)
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1789)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:955)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1138)
            at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:740)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1501)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.executePendingTransactions(FragmentManager.java:490)
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter.finishUpdate(FragmentPagerAdapter.java:141)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:1105)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:951)
            at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.onMeasure(ViewPager.java:1473)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.measureChildHorizontal(RelativeLayout.java:727)
            at android.widget.RelativeLayout.onMeasure(RelativeLayout.java:463)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1436)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:722)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:613)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5535)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:436)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onMeasure(PhoneWindow.java:2615)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17547)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:2015)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:1173)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1379)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1061)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:5885)
            at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:767)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:580)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:550)
            at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:753)
            at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
     Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 7607

TutorialFrament.java (within onCreateView() ) .... TutorialFrament.java(在onCreateView()中)....

switch (page) {
            case 0 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial1, container, false);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView1),R.anim.fadescalein,1000);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView2),R.anim.fadescalein,2000);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView3), R.anim.fadescalein, 2100);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView4), R.anim.fadescalein, 2200);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView5), R.anim.fadescalein, 2300);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView6), R.anim.fadescalein, 2400);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView7), R.anim.fadescalein, 2500);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView8), R.anim.fadescalein, 2600);
                animateImageView((ImageView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.imageView9), R.anim.fadescalein, 2700);
                break;
            case 1 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial2, container, false); // line 105
                break;
            case 2 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial3, container, false);
                break;
            case 3 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial4, container, false);
                break;
            case 4 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial5, container, false);
                break;
            case 5 :
                rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_tutorial6, container, false);
                listView = (ListView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.list);
                if (prefs.getString("type", "Acute") == "Acute") {
                    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), R.layout.tutorial_layout_row, valuesAcute);
                    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
                } else {
                    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), R.layout.tutorial_layout_row, valuesMentalHealth);
                    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
                }
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(listPairedClickItem);
                break;
        }
        return rootView;

fragment_tutorial1.xml fragment_tutorial1.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:paddingTop="20dip" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/logo_margin_top"
        android:src="@drawable/doctorslogo" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:src="@drawable/ecg" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignTop="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/handwash" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_above="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignRight="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/chart" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView5"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignTop="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_marginTop="-40dp"
        android:src="@drawable/cross" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView6"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView5"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/steph" />    

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView7"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_marginBottom="-49dp"
        android:src="@drawable/hygieia" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView8"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/hospital" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView9"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/imageView2"
        android:layout_below="@id/imageView2"
        android:src="@drawable/droplet" />

</RelativeLayout>

Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 7607 引起:java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:无法分配7607

is the reason, it seems that your bitmaps too large. 是的原因,似乎你的位图太大了。

@AndrewBramwell @AndrewBramwell

Whats Your logcat throws 什么是你的logcat投掷

Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 7607 引起:java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:无法分配7607

http://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.html http://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.html

Too big for Android and it goes out of memory .So,best to resize the images into smaller size. 对于Android来说太大了,内存不足。所以,最好将图像resize为更小的尺寸。

And add this in your ImageView 并在ImageView中添加它

android:adjustViewBounds="true"

Set this to true if you want the ImageView to adjust its bounds to preserve the aspect ratio of its drawable. 如果希望ImageView调整其边界以保持其drawable的纵横比,请将此属性设置为true。

Must be a boolean value, either "true" or "false". 必须是布尔值,“true”或“false”。

You may set android:largeHeap="true" in your manifest Application Tag . 您可以在清单应用程序标记中设置android:largeHeap="true"

Supporting different device screens is a challenge for Android developers until you know what to do. 支持不同的设备屏幕对Android开发人员来说是一个挑战,除非您知道该怎么做。

To support different devices, you can do the following (drawables): 要支持不同的设备,您可以执行以下操作(drawables):

In a normal project, you have the following folders for drawables - remember that this is regardless of what devices you want to support in your application: 在普通项目中,您有以下可绘制文件夹 - 请记住,这与您要在应用程序中支持的设备无关:

  • drawable/ 绘制/
  • drawable-mdpi/ 绘制,MDPI /
  • drawable-hdpi/ 提拉 - 华电国际/
  • drawable-xhdpi/ 绘制-xhdpi /
  • drawable-xxhdpi/ 绘制-xxhdpi /
  • drawable-xxxhdpi/ 绘制-xxxhdpi /

Once you have generated the appropriately sized images for the above folders, your app, android will automatically load the correct resources for the corresponding device (eg Nexus 4, 5 inch, 7 inch, 10 inch). 一旦为上述文件夹生成了适当大小的图像,您的应用程序,android将自动为相应的设备加载正确的资源(例如Nexus 4,5英寸,7英寸,10英寸)。

Provide Support For Different Screen Sizes (Layouts) 为不同的屏幕尺寸(布局)提供支持

Using your development device for instance (could be a Nexus 4), you can then create layout folders for other screen sizes you want to support. 例如,使用您的开发设备(可能是Nexus 4),您可以为要支持的其他屏幕尺寸创建布局文件夹。 For instance, I would create the following folders: 例如,我将创建以下文件夹:

  • layout-sw300dp/ 布局sw300dp /
  • layout-sw400dp/ 布局sw400dp /
  • layout-sw600dp/ 布局sw600dp /
  • layout-sw800dp/ 布局sw800dp /

In the above layout folders, you can then style your xml files/views respectively so the users who have different screens will still see your app as you want them to view. 在上面的布局文件夹中,您可以分别设置xml文件/视图的样式,以便具有不同屏幕的用户仍然可以看到您希望他们查看的应用程序。

Again, the android system will load the correct resources. 同样,android系统将加载正确的资源。

I hope this helps and let me know how it goes! 我希望这会有所帮助,让我知道它是怎么回事! Good luck! 祝好运!

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