在python中對許多文件進行排序

Question

我的目錄包含超過10 000個文件，所有文件都具有相同的擴展名。 全部具有相同的形式，例如，

 20150921(1)_0001.sgy
 20150921(1)_0002.sgy
 20150921(1)_0003.sgy
 20150921(1)_0004.sgy
...
20150921(1)_13290.sgy

我當前使用的代碼是：

files = listdir('full data')
files.sort()

但是，這將返回以下列表：

20150921(1)_0001.sgy
...
20150921(1)_0998.sgy
20150921(1)_0999.sgy
20150921(1)_1000.sgy
20150921(1)_10000.sgy
20150921(1)_10001.sgy
20150921(1)_10002.sgy
20150921(1)_10003.sgy
20150921(1)_10004.sgy
20150921(1)_10005.sgy
20150921(1)_10006.sgy
20150921(1)_10007.sgy
20150921(1)_10008.sgy
20150921(1)_10009.sgy
20150921(1)_1001.sgy
20150921(1)_10010.sgy

僅當文件數超過1000時才會出現問題，如果文件數大於10000，似乎無法正確排序文件。有人可以解決此問題嗎？

Answer 1

這稱為自然排序 。 您可以使用natsort軟件包來執行此操作：

from natsort import natsorted
import pprint

files = ['20150921(1)_0001.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0102.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0011.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0003.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0004.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0010.sgy',
'20150921(1)_1001.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0012.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0101.sgy',
'20150921(1)_1003.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0103.sgy',
'20150921(1)_10002.sgy',
'20150921(1)_1002.sgy',
'20150921(1)_10001.sgy',
'20150921(1)_0002.sgy',
]

pprint.pprint(natsorted(files))

---

輸出：

['20150921(1)_0001.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0002.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0003.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0004.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0010.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0011.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0012.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0101.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0102.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_0103.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_1001.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_1002.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_1003.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_10001.sgy',
 '20150921(1)_10002.sgy']

Answer 2

sorted_filenames = sorted(os.listdir('full data'), key=lambda s: int(s.rsplit('.',1)[0].split("_",1)[1]))

Answer 3

他們按字母順序排序。 如果要按數字對它們進行排序，則需要先進行一些解析：

   def filename_to_tuple(name):
      import re
      match = re.match(r'(\d+)\((\d+)\)_(\d+)\.sgy', name)
      if not match:
         raise ValueError('Filename doesn't match expected pattern')
      else:
         return int(i for i in match.groups())

   sorted_files = sorted(os.listdir('full data'), key=filename_to_tuple)