Application_Error和ExceptionFilter

Question

因此，我最近在ExceptionFilter處構建了該庫，用於處理除Api錯誤以外的所有錯誤。 ExceptionFilter看起來像這樣：

public class ExceptionAttribute : IExceptionFilter
{

    /// <summary>
    /// Handles any exception
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filterContext">The current context</param>
    public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
    {

        // If our exception has been handled, exit the function
        if (filterContext.ExceptionHandled)
            return;

        // If our exception is not an ApiException
        if (!(filterContext.Exception is ApiException))
        {

            // Set our base status code
            var statusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;

            // If our exception is an http exception
            if (filterContext.Exception is HttpException)
            {

                // Cast our exception as an HttpException
                var exception = (HttpException)filterContext.Exception;

                // Get our real status code
                statusCode = exception.GetHttpCode();
            }

            // Set our context result
            var result = CreateActionResult(filterContext, statusCode);

            // Set our handled property to true
            filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creats an action result from the status code
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filterContext">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="statusCode">The status code of the error</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected virtual ActionResult CreateActionResult(ExceptionContext filterContext, int statusCode)
    {

        // Create our context
        var context = new ControllerContext(filterContext.RequestContext, filterContext.Controller);
        var statusCodeName = ((HttpStatusCode)statusCode).ToString();

        // Create our route
        var controller = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"];
        var action = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"];
        var model = new HandleErrorInfo(filterContext.Exception, controller, action);

        // Create our result
        var view = SelectFirstView(context, string.Format("~/Views/Error/{0}.cshtml", statusCodeName), "~/Views/Error/Index.cshtml", statusCodeName);
        var result = new ViewResult { ViewName = view, ViewData = new ViewDataDictionary<HandleErrorInfo>(model) };

        // Return our result
        return result;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the first view name that matches the supplied names
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="viewNames">A list of view names</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected string SelectFirstView(ControllerContext context, params string[] viewNames)
    {
        return viewNames.First(view => ViewExists(context, view));
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Checks to see if a view exists
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="name">The name of the view to check</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected bool ViewExists(ControllerContext context, string name)
    {
        var result = ViewEngines.Engines.FindView(context, name, null);

        return result.View != null;
    }
}

如您所見，如果錯誤不是 ApiException，則將用戶路由到錯誤控制器。 ApiException只是我從MVC進行API調用時發生的錯誤。 當發生這些錯誤時，我想將錯誤作為JSON返回給客戶端，以便JavaScript可以處理它。

我認為不處理該錯誤會這樣做，但相反會生成服務器錯誤（盡管其中包含JSON錯誤），如下所示：

“ /”應用程序中的服務器錯誤。

{“ message”：“ validateMove驗證失敗：\\ r \\ n該項目已發送，無法移動”}

說明：執行當前Web請求期間發生未處理的異常。 請查看堆棧跟蹤，以獲取有關錯誤及其在代碼中起源的更多信息。

異常詳細信息：SapphirePlus.Web.ApiException：{“ message”：“ validateMove驗證失敗：\\ r \\ n該項目已發送，無法移動”}

源錯誤：

第181行：if（response.StatusCode！= HttpStatusCode.OK）

第182行：拋出新的ApiException（result）;

所以我的問題是，我可以獲取Application_Error方法來獲取ARE ApiException的錯誤並將錯誤作為JSON返回嗎？

Answer 1

所以我的問題是，我可以獲取Application_Error方法來獲取ARE ApiExceptions的錯誤並將錯誤作為JSON返回嗎？

當然：

protected void Application_Error()
{
    var apiException = Server.GetLastError() as ApiException;
    if (apiException != null)
    {
        Response.Clear();
        Server.ClearError();

        Response.StatusCode = 400;
        Context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
        Context.Response.Write("YOUR JSON HERE");
    }
}

Answer 2

最后，我根本不需要使用Global.asax ，我可以在ExceptionAttribute類中像下面這樣處理所有這些：

public class ExceptionAttribute : IExceptionFilter
{

    /// <summary>
    /// Handles any exception
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filterContext">The current context</param>
    public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
    {

        // If our exception has been handled, exit the function
        if (filterContext.ExceptionHandled)
            return;

        // Set our base status code
        var statusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.BadRequest;

        // If our exception is an http exception
        if (filterContext.Exception is HttpException)
        {

            // Cast our exception as an HttpException
            var exception = (HttpException)filterContext.Exception;

            // Get our real status code
            statusCode = exception.GetHttpCode();
        }

        // Set our context result
        var result = CreateActionResult(filterContext, statusCode);

        // Set our handled property to true
        filterContext.Result = result;
        filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creats an action result from the status code
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filterContext">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="statusCode">The status code of the error</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected virtual ActionResult CreateActionResult(ExceptionContext filterContext, int statusCode)
    {

        // Create our context
        var context = new ControllerContext(filterContext.RequestContext, filterContext.Controller);
        var statusCodeName = ((HttpStatusCode)statusCode).ToString();

        // Create our route
        var controller = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"];
        var action = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"];
        var model = new HandleErrorInfo(filterContext.Exception, controller, action);

        // Create our result
        var view = SelectFirstView(context, string.Format("~/Views/Error/{0}.cshtml", statusCodeName), "~/Views/Error/Index.cshtml", statusCodeName);
        var result = new ViewResult { ViewName = view, ViewData = new ViewDataDictionary<IError>(this.Factorize(model)) };

        // Return our result
        return result;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Factorizes the HandleErrorInfo
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected virtual IError Factorize(HandleErrorInfo error)
    {

        // Get the error
        var model = new Error
        {
            Message = "There was an unhandled exception."
        };

        // If we have an error
        if (error != null)
        {

            // Get our exception
            var exception = error.Exception;

            // If we are dealing with an ApiException
            if (exception is ApiException || exception is HttpException)
            {

                // Get our JSON
                var json = JObject.Parse(exception.Message);
                var message = json["exceptionMessage"] != null ? json["exceptionMessage"] : json["message"];

                // If we have a message
                if (message != null)
                {

                    // Update our model message
                    model.Message = message.ToString();
                }
            }
            else
            {

                // Update our message
                model.Message = exception.Message;
            }
        }

        // Return our response
        return model;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the first view name that matches the supplied names
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="viewNames">A list of view names</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected string SelectFirstView(ControllerContext context, params string[] viewNames)
    {
        return viewNames.First(view => ViewExists(context, view));
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Checks to see if a view exists
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The current context</param>
    /// <param name="name">The name of the view to check</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected bool ViewExists(ControllerContext context, string name)
    {
        var result = ViewEngines.Engines.FindView(context, name, null);

        return result.View != null;
    }
}

這可以處理任何Mvc錯誤，對於我的Api調用，我做到了：

    /// <summary>
    /// Used to handle the api response
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="response">The HttpResponseMessage</param>
    /// <returns>Returns a string</returns>
    private async Task<string> HandleResponse(HttpResponseMessage response)
    {

        // Read our response content
        var result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

        // If there was an error, throw an HttpException
        if (response.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.OK)
            throw new ApiException(result);

        // Return our result if there are no errors
        return result;
    }

這使我可以捕獲ApiError並以不同於其他任何異常的方式處理響應。