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如何將python列表划分為長度不等的子列表?

[英]How to divide python list into sublists of unequal length?

我試圖將逗號分隔的元素列表分成不等長的塊。 我該如何划分?

list1 = [1, 2, 1]
list2 = ["1.1.1.1", "1.1.1.2", "1.1.1.3", "1.1.1.4"]

list1 包含我希望將 list2 划分為塊大小的元素。

您可以結合itertools.accumulate和列表itertools.accumulate的強大功能:

In [4]: from itertools import accumulate

In [5]: data = ["1.1.1.1", "1.1.1.2", "1.1.1.3", "1.1.1.4"]

In [6]: lengths = [1, 2, 1]

In [7]: [data[end - length:end] for length, end in zip(lengths, accumulate(lengths))]
Out[7]: [['1.1.1.1'], ['1.1.1.2', '1.1.1.3'], ['1.1.1.4']]

itertools.accumulate返回一個迭代器到累積和的序列。 通過這種方式,您可以輕松計算源數組中每個塊的結尾:

In [8]: list(accumulate(lengths))
Out[8]: [1, 3, 4]

另一個解決方案

list1 = [1,2,1]
list2 = ["1.1.1.1","1.1.1.2","1.1.1.3","1.1.1.4"]

chunks = []
count = 0
for size in list1:
    chunks.append([list2[i+count] for i in range(size)])
    count += size
print(chunks)

# [['1.1.1.1'], ['1.1.1.2', '1.1.1.3'], ['1.1.1.4']]

您也可以為此使用itertools.islice 它高效且易於閱讀:

def unequal_divide(iterable, chunks):
    it = iter(iterable)
    return [list(islice(it, c)) for c in chunks]

然后使用它:

>>> list1 = [1, 2, 1]
>>> list2 = ["1.1.1.1", "1.1.1.2", "1.1.1.3", "1.1.1.4"]
>>> unequal_divide(list1, list2)
[['1.1.1.1'], ['1.1.1.2', '1.1.1.3'], ['1.1.1.4']]

或者作為生成器:

def unequal_divide(iterable, chunks):
    it = iter(iterable)
    for c in chunks:
        yield list(islice(it, c))

使用中:

>>> list(unequal_divide(list1, list2))
[['1.1.1.1'], ['1.1.1.2', '1.1.1.3'], ['1.1.1.4']]

這也在more-itertools.split_at 請參閱此處獲取他們的源代碼,該代碼幾乎相同,但不允許提供任何塊,這很奇怪。

你也可以像這樣使用.pop()方法:

list1 = [1, 2, 1]
list2 = ["1.1.1.1", "1.1.1.2", "1.1.1.3", "1.1.1.4"]

new_list = []
for chunk in list1:
    new_list.append( [ list2.pop(0) for _ in range(chunk)] )
print(new_list)


# [['1.1.1.1'], ['1.1.1.2', '1.1.1.3'], ['1.1.1.4']]

這將修改原始list2

類似的東西:

def divideUnequal(list1, list2):
    counter=0
    step=0
    divided=[]
    for count in list1:
            step= counter+ count
            sublist= list2[counter: step]
            counter= step
            divided.append(sublist)
    return divided

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