列出索引while循環python

Question

我有以下代碼的問題。 當我輸入確切的密碼字符時，以下代碼與密碼不匹配。

#initiate words for guessing secretWords =['cat','mouse','donkey','ant','lion']

#Generate a random word to be guessed generateWord = (random.choice(secretWords))

# User have attempts only to the random generate words LeftCount = 6

generateWord = ["_"] * len(secretWords) userInput="" LetterNumber=0 RightGuess =0 

while (LeftCount !=0):
     print ("Word Contains", len(generateWord),"letters")
     print ("You have", str(LeftCount),"attempts remaining")
     print ("\n")
     print(generateWord)
     print ("\n")
     userInput=input("Enter word: ")
     while(LetterNumber< len(generateWord)):
         if(generateWord[LetterNumber] == userInput):
             generateWord[LetterNumber]= userInput

             RightGuess +=1
         LetterNumber +=1
     LeftCount -=1
     LetterNumber=0

     if (RightGuess == len(generateWord)):
         print ("Congratulations")
         break

     if(LeftCount ==0):
         print ("Game over")

Answer 1

為什么要將 generateWord 中的一個字母與整個 userInput 進行比較？

if(generateWord[LetterNumber] == userInput):

該行將“LetterNumber”索引處的字符與 userInput 進行比較，因此如果用戶輸入一個單詞，它將永遠不會返回 true。

如果您試圖計算用戶猜測中正確字母的數量，您不應該將用戶輸入中的每個字母與“generateWord”中的相應字母進行比較。

if(generateWord[LetterNumber] == userInput[LetterNumber]):

還有一些一般性的觀點，變量名不應該以大寫開頭，根據 Python 標准應該是“letter_number”。 嘗試改進您的變量名稱，也許稱之為“generated_word”，而不是“generate_word”。 “Generate_word”暗示它是一個函數，因為 generate 是一個動詞。

if 語句之后的那一行也將整個 userInput 重新分配到 generateWord 值中，在字母索引處，你為什么要這樣做？

最后，您需要在 while 循環的結尾或開頭生成一個新單詞，因為此時您只在開頭生成一個單詞，然后它將在每次迭代中使用相同的單詞。

嘗試使用 print 打印出您的一些變量，它會幫助您調試程序，因為它絕對不是您期望的那樣。

Answer 2

您正在覆蓋您選擇的單詞。 generateWord同時是秘密詞，也是用戶輸入。 這是行不通的。 這是應該做你想做的事情（我還糾正了一些其他問題）：

import random

secretWords = ["cat", "mouse", "donkey", "ant", "lion"]

generatedWord = random.choice(secretWords)
leftCount = 6
userWord = ["_"] * len(generatedWord)
refusedLetters = ""

#returns all positions of character ch in the string s
def findOccurences(s, ch):
    return [i for i, letter in enumerate(s) if letter == ch]

print("Word contains", len(generatedWord), "letters")
while(leftCount > 0 and generatedWord != "".join(userWord)):
    print ("\n")
    print ("You have", str(leftCount), "attempts remaining")
    print ("Letters not present in your word:", "".join(sorted(refusedLetters)))
    print ("Your word so far: ","".join(userWord))
    print ("\n")

    #checks that the user enters something
    userInput = ""
    while not len(userInput):
        userInput=input("Enter letter or word: ")
    userInput = userInput.lower()

    #if len > 1, then the user has tried to guess the whole word:
    if len(userInput) > 1:
        if generatedWord == userInput:
            print("Congratulations")
            break
        else:
            print("Wrong word, sorry")
    #len == 1, thus the user asked for one letter
    else:
        #if letter isn't already found
        if not userInput in userWord:
            #for all occurences of the letter in the secret word
            occurences = findOccurences(generatedWord, userInput)
            for occurence in occurences:
                userWord[occurence] = userInput
            #if the letter was not found
            if not occurences:
                #if the letter has already been proposed
                if userInput in refusedLetters:
                    print("You have already tried this letter")
                    continue
                else:
                    refusedLetters += userInput
        else:
            print("You have already tried this letter")
            continue

    leftCount -= 1

#the else statement will only be entered if we did not exit the previous loop via a break.
#Thus, if the word has already been found, nothing happens here.
else:
    if generatedWord == "".join(userWord):
        print("Congratulations")
    else:
        print("Game over")