如何使用Python收集Maya中的所有相機？

Question

如何收集Maya場景中的所有攝像機，但不包括默認的“透視，頂部，正面，側面”攝像機？

我只想收集用戶創建的相機。

cameras = cmds.ls(type=('camera'), l=True) or []
print cameras

我出於某種原因需要做listRelatives嗎？ 我最終只想打印每個攝像機的世界矩陣。

Answer 1

剔除掉默認的攝像頭，可以查詢startupCamera使用cmds.camera 。 這是一些代碼（帶有注釋）來解釋。

Pymel版本

# Let's use Pymel for fun
import pymel.core as pm

# Get all cameras first
cameras = pm.ls(type=('camera'), l=True)

# Let's filter all startup / default cameras
startup_cameras = [camera for camera in cameras if pm.camera(camera.parent(0), startupCamera=True, q=True)]

# non-default cameras are easy to find now. Please note that these are all PyNodes
non_startup_cameras_pynodes = list(set(cameras) - set(startup_cameras))

# Let's get their respective transform names, just in-case
non_startup_cameras_transform_pynodes = map(lambda x: x.parent(0), non_startup_cameras_pynodes)

# Now we can have a non-PyNode, regular string names list of them
non_startup_cameras = map(str, non_startup_cameras_pynodes)
non_startup_cameras_transforms = map(str, non_startup_cameras_transform_pynodes)

cmds版本

import maya.cmds as cmds

# Get all cameras first
cameras = cmds.ls(type=('camera'), l=True)

# Let's filter all startup / default cameras
startup_cameras = [camera for camera in cameras if cmds.camera(cmds.listRelatives(camera, parent=True)[0], startupCamera=True, q=True)]

# non-default cameras are easy to find now.
non_startup_cameras = list(set(cameras) - set(startup_cameras))

# Let's get their respective transform names, just in-case
non_startup_cameras_transforms = map(lambda x: cmds.listRelatives(x, parent=True)[0], non_startup_cameras)

進一步閱讀： http : //ewertb.soundlinker.com/mel/mel.082.php

Answer 2

您可能需要依賴listCamera命令，該命令只能列出persp攝像機或其他攝像機。 例如：

perspCameras = cmds.listCameras（p = True）

Answer 3

cameras = cmds.ls(type='camera') or []
exclude = ['persp', 'top', 'front', 'side']

cameras = list(set(cameras)-set(exclude))

Answer 4

遍歷場景中的所有攝像機並打印在那里變換ws矩陣：

for cam in cmds.listRelatives(cmds.ls(type="camera"), p=True):
    if cmds.objectType(cam, isType='transform'): # True
       print cam, cmds.xform(cam, q=True, ws=True, matrix=True)

front [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0....
persp [0.707106781186547....
shot_cam [0.9999999999999997, 0.0, .....
side [2.220446049250313e-16, 0.0 .....
top [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0......

讓我們在沒有相對聯系的情況下嘗試一下

for cam in cmds.ls(type="camera"):
    print cmds.objectType(cam, isAType='transform')  # False
    print cam, cmds.xform(cam, q=True, ws=True, matrix=True)

RuntimeError ：沒有有效的對象提供給'xform'命令

Answer 5

萬一有人偶然發現，這里有一些簡單的方法可以涵蓋一些額外的用例：

• 包括組內的攝像機/嵌套攝像機。
• 不管選擇是形狀還是變換都有效
• 可選的kwarg，用於返回變形而不是形狀。

---

import maya.cmds as cmds

def all_user_cameras(return_transforms=False):
    # Get all user created / non-startup cameras in the scene
    all_user_cameras = [c for c in cmds.ls(type='camera') if not cmds.camera(c, q=True, sc=True)]
    if return_transforms:
        return [cmds.listRelatives(c, p=True)[0] for c in all_user_cameras]
    return all_user_cameras

def all_selected_user_cameras(check_nested=True, return_transforms=False):
    # Get the user created / non-startup cameras from the selection, check_nested looks inside groups when set to True
    selected_cameras = cmds.ls(sl=True, type='camera')
    selected_camera_from_shapes = cmds.listRelatives(cmds.ls(sl=True), ad=check_nested, c=True, type='camera')
    if selected_camera_from_shapes:
        selected_cameras.extend(selected_camera_from_shapes)
    if return_transforms:
        return [cmds.listRelatives(c, p=True)[0] for c in selected_cameras]
    return selected_cameras