Tkinter按鈕執行腳本拋出NameError

Question

我有一個Tkinter GUI，其中三個按鈕分別運行一個單獨的腳本。 其中兩個可以很好地加載，但是第三個拋出了NameError，說我的名字之一沒有定義。 但是，當我不通過GUI運行腳本時，它運行良好。

這是GUI代碼：

import sys
import os
import tkinter
import cv2
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter import messagebox
import numpy as np 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

top=tkinter.Tk()
top.geometry("300x350")
top.config(background='black')
top.title('Test')
top.resizable(height=False, width=False)

def thresholdCallBack():
    exec(open('motionindexthreshold.py').read())

def autoremoveCallBack():
    exec(open('motionindexgenerator.py').read())

def videoTaggingCallBack():
    exec(open('stepthrough.py').read())

def quitCallBack():
    top.destroy()

M = tkinter.Message(top, text='Test', width=280, background='black', foreground='white', font=('Courier', 28))
B = tkinter.Button(top,text="Define Motion Index Threshold",command= thresholdCallBack)
C = tkinter.Button(top,text="Autoremove Nonmovement Video Segments",command= autoremoveCallBack)
D = tkinter.Button(top,text="Tag Video Frames",command= videoTaggingCallBack)
E = tkinter.Button(top,text="Quit", command=quitCallBack)
B.config(height=5, width=80, background='red')
C.config(height=5, width=80, background='blue', foreground='white')
D.config(height=5, width=80, background='yellow')
E.config(height=5, width=80, background='green')
M.pack()
B.pack()
C.pack()
D.pack()
E.pack()
top.mainloop()

這是注冊按鍵時崩潰的python腳本：

import cv2
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter import messagebox
import numpy as np 
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import sys


framevalues = []
count = 1

root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()

selectedvideo = askopenfilename()
selectedvideostring = str(selectedvideo)
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(selectedvideo)
length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))


def stanceTag():    
    framevalues.append('0' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def swingTag():
    framevalues.append('1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length)
    print(framevalues) 

def unsureTag():
    framevalues.append('-1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def rewindFrames():
    cap.set(1,((int(cap.get(1)) - 2)))
    print (int(cap.get(1)), '/', length) 
    framevalues.pop()
    print(framevalues)  



while (cap.isOpened()): 
    ret, frame = cap.read()

    # check if read frame was successful
    if ret == False:
            break
    # show frame first
    cv2.imshow('frame',frame)

    # then waitKey
    frameclick = cv2.waitKey(0) & 0xFF

    if frameclick == ord('a'):
        swingTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('r'):
        rewindFrames()

    elif frameclick == ord('s'):
        stanceTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('d'):
        unsureTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('q'):
        with open((selectedvideostring + '.txt'), 'w') as textfile:
            for item in framevalues:
                textfile.write("{}\n".format(item))
        break

    else:
        continue

cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

有誰知道如何解決這個問題？

謝謝

Answer 1

如果您需要從另一個python腳本運行代碼，則應該使用導入來獲取另一個腳本並在另一個腳本中運行函數。 這將是代碼的問題，因為您將程序的核心置於函數之外，因此它將在導入后立即運行。 由於這個原因（以及其他原因），您應該在函數中包含所有代碼。 您可以通過檢查__main__屬性來檢測代碼是否已導入。

我對代碼進行了重組，將所有代碼移到函數中，然后將其導入並從GUI按鈕調用適當的函數。

這是您的GUI代碼應如下所示：

import tkinter

import motionindexthreshold
import motionindexgenerator
import stepthrough

def main():
    top=tkinter.Tk()
    top.geometry("300x350")
    top.config(background='black')
    top.title('Test')
    top.resizable(height=False, width=False)

    M = tkinter.Message(top, text='Test', width=280, background='black', foreground='white', font=('Courier', 28))
    B = tkinter.Button(top,text="Define Motion Index Threshold",command=motionindexthreshold.main)
    C = tkinter.Button(top,text="Autoremove Nonmovement Video Segments",command=motionindexgenerator.main)
    D = tkinter.Button(top,text="Tag Video Frames",command=stepthrough.main)
    E = tkinter.Button(top,text="Quit", command=top.destroy)
    B.config(height=5, width=80, background='red')
    C.config(height=5, width=80, background='blue', foreground='white')
    D.config(height=5, width=80, background='yellow')
    E.config(height=5, width=80, background='green')
    M.pack()
    B.pack()
    C.pack()
    D.pack()
    E.pack()
    top.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

這是您的模塊代碼應如下所示：

import cv2
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename

def stanceTag(cap, framevalues):    
    framevalues.append('0' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def swingTag(cap, framevalues):
    framevalues.append('1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length)
    print(framevalues) 

def unsureTag(cap, framevalues):
    framevalues.append('-1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def rewindFrames(cap, framevalues):
    cap.set(1,((int(cap.get(1)) - 2)))
    print (int(cap.get(1)), '/', length) 
    framevalues.pop()
    print(framevalues)  


def main():
    framevalues = []
    count = 1

    selectedvideo = askopenfilename()
    selectedvideostring = str(selectedvideo)
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(selectedvideo)
    length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))

    while (cap.isOpened()): 
        ret, frame = cap.read()

        # check if read frame was successful
        if ret == False:
                break
        # show frame first
        cv2.imshow('frame',frame)

        # then waitKey
        frameclick = cv2.waitKey(0) & 0xFF

        if frameclick == ord('a'):
            swingTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('r'):
            rewindFrames(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('s'):
            stanceTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('d'):
            unsureTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('q'):
            with open((selectedvideostring + '.txt'), 'w') as textfile:
                for item in framevalues:
                    textfile.write("{}\n".format(item))
            break

        else:
            continue

    cap.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # this is called if this code was not imported ... ie it was directly run
    # if this is called, that means there is no GUI already running, so we need to create a root
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.withdraw()
    main()

顯然這是一個猜測； 我無法測試這是否可以解決您的問題，但我認為可以。