Tkinter按钮执行脚本抛出NameError

Question

我有一个Tkinter GUI，其中三个按钮分别运行一个单独的脚本。 其中两个可以很好地加载，但是第三个抛出了NameError，说我的名字之一没有定义。 但是，当我不通过GUI运行脚本时，它运行良好。

这是GUI代码：

import sys
import os
import tkinter
import cv2
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter import messagebox
import numpy as np 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

top=tkinter.Tk()
top.geometry("300x350")
top.config(background='black')
top.title('Test')
top.resizable(height=False, width=False)

def thresholdCallBack():
    exec(open('motionindexthreshold.py').read())

def autoremoveCallBack():
    exec(open('motionindexgenerator.py').read())

def videoTaggingCallBack():
    exec(open('stepthrough.py').read())

def quitCallBack():
    top.destroy()

M = tkinter.Message(top, text='Test', width=280, background='black', foreground='white', font=('Courier', 28))
B = tkinter.Button(top,text="Define Motion Index Threshold",command= thresholdCallBack)
C = tkinter.Button(top,text="Autoremove Nonmovement Video Segments",command= autoremoveCallBack)
D = tkinter.Button(top,text="Tag Video Frames",command= videoTaggingCallBack)
E = tkinter.Button(top,text="Quit", command=quitCallBack)
B.config(height=5, width=80, background='red')
C.config(height=5, width=80, background='blue', foreground='white')
D.config(height=5, width=80, background='yellow')
E.config(height=5, width=80, background='green')
M.pack()
B.pack()
C.pack()
D.pack()
E.pack()
top.mainloop()

这是注册按键时崩溃的python脚本：

import cv2
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter import messagebox
import numpy as np 
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import sys


framevalues = []
count = 1

root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()

selectedvideo = askopenfilename()
selectedvideostring = str(selectedvideo)
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(selectedvideo)
length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))


def stanceTag():    
    framevalues.append('0' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def swingTag():
    framevalues.append('1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length)
    print(framevalues) 

def unsureTag():
    framevalues.append('-1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def rewindFrames():
    cap.set(1,((int(cap.get(1)) - 2)))
    print (int(cap.get(1)), '/', length) 
    framevalues.pop()
    print(framevalues)  



while (cap.isOpened()): 
    ret, frame = cap.read()

    # check if read frame was successful
    if ret == False:
            break
    # show frame first
    cv2.imshow('frame',frame)

    # then waitKey
    frameclick = cv2.waitKey(0) & 0xFF

    if frameclick == ord('a'):
        swingTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('r'):
        rewindFrames()

    elif frameclick == ord('s'):
        stanceTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('d'):
        unsureTag()

    elif frameclick == ord('q'):
        with open((selectedvideostring + '.txt'), 'w') as textfile:
            for item in framevalues:
                textfile.write("{}\n".format(item))
        break

    else:
        continue

cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

有谁知道如何解决这个问题？

谢谢

Answer 1

如果您需要从另一个python脚本运行代码，则应该使用导入来获取另一个脚本并在另一个脚本中运行函数。 这将是代码的问题，因为您将程序的核心置于函数之外，因此它将在导入后立即运行。 由于这个原因（以及其他原因），您应该在函数中包含所有代码。 您可以通过检查__main__属性来检测代码是否已导入。

我对代码进行了重组，将所有代码移到函数中，然后将其导入并从GUI按钮调用适当的函数。

这是您的GUI代码应如下所示：

import tkinter

import motionindexthreshold
import motionindexgenerator
import stepthrough

def main():
    top=tkinter.Tk()
    top.geometry("300x350")
    top.config(background='black')
    top.title('Test')
    top.resizable(height=False, width=False)

    M = tkinter.Message(top, text='Test', width=280, background='black', foreground='white', font=('Courier', 28))
    B = tkinter.Button(top,text="Define Motion Index Threshold",command=motionindexthreshold.main)
    C = tkinter.Button(top,text="Autoremove Nonmovement Video Segments",command=motionindexgenerator.main)
    D = tkinter.Button(top,text="Tag Video Frames",command=stepthrough.main)
    E = tkinter.Button(top,text="Quit", command=top.destroy)
    B.config(height=5, width=80, background='red')
    C.config(height=5, width=80, background='blue', foreground='white')
    D.config(height=5, width=80, background='yellow')
    E.config(height=5, width=80, background='green')
    M.pack()
    B.pack()
    C.pack()
    D.pack()
    E.pack()
    top.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

这是您的模块代码应如下所示：

import cv2
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename

def stanceTag(cap, framevalues):    
    framevalues.append('0' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def swingTag(cap, framevalues):
    framevalues.append('1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length)
    print(framevalues) 

def unsureTag(cap, framevalues):
    framevalues.append('-1' + ' ' + '|' + ' ' + str(int(cap.get(1))))
    print (str(int(cap.get(1))), '/', length) 
    print(framevalues)

def rewindFrames(cap, framevalues):
    cap.set(1,((int(cap.get(1)) - 2)))
    print (int(cap.get(1)), '/', length) 
    framevalues.pop()
    print(framevalues)  


def main():
    framevalues = []
    count = 1

    selectedvideo = askopenfilename()
    selectedvideostring = str(selectedvideo)
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(selectedvideo)
    length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))

    while (cap.isOpened()): 
        ret, frame = cap.read()

        # check if read frame was successful
        if ret == False:
                break
        # show frame first
        cv2.imshow('frame',frame)

        # then waitKey
        frameclick = cv2.waitKey(0) & 0xFF

        if frameclick == ord('a'):
            swingTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('r'):
            rewindFrames(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('s'):
            stanceTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('d'):
            unsureTag(cap, framevalues)

        elif frameclick == ord('q'):
            with open((selectedvideostring + '.txt'), 'w') as textfile:
                for item in framevalues:
                    textfile.write("{}\n".format(item))
            break

        else:
            continue

    cap.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # this is called if this code was not imported ... ie it was directly run
    # if this is called, that means there is no GUI already running, so we need to create a root
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.withdraw()
    main()

显然这是一个猜测； 我无法测试这是否可以解决您的问题，但我认为可以。