Python：系統找不到指定的路徑：“數據”

Question

我正在使用Python構建CNN，我在D // Files目錄中存儲了一個用於分類的圖片文件夾，但不斷彈出異常

碼：

from keras.layers.core import Dense, Dropout, Activation, Flatten
from keras.layers.convolutional import Convolution2D, MaxPooling2D
from keras.utils import np_utils
from keras.preprocessing.image import  img_to_array



import numpy as np

# Image manipulations and arranging data
import os
from PIL import Image
import theano
theano.config.optimizer="None"

from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split
os.chdir("D:/File");

# input image dimensions
m,n = 50,50

path1="input";
path2="data";

classes=os.listdir(path2)

x=[]
y=[]
for fol in classes:
    print (fol)
    imgfiles=os.listdir(path2+'\\'+fol);
    for img in imgfiles:
        im=Image.open(path2+'\\'+fol+'\\'+img);
        im=im.convert(mode='RGB')
        imrs=im.resize((m,n))
        imrs=img_to_array(imrs)/255;
        imrs=imrs.transpose(2,0,1);
        imrs=imrs.reshape(3,m,n);
        x.append(imrs)
        y.append(fol)

x=np.array(x);
y=np.array(y);

batch_size=32
nb_classes=len(classes)
nb_epoch=20
nb_filters=32
nb_pool=2
nb_conv=3

x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test= train_test_split(x,y,test_size=0.2,random_state=4)

uniques, id_train=np.unique(y_train,return_inverse=True)
Y_train=np_utils.to_categorical(id_train,nb_classes)
uniques, id_test=np.unique(y_test,return_inverse=True)
Y_test=np_utils.to_categorical(id_test,nb_classes)

model= Sequential()
model.add(Convolution2D(nb_filters,nb_conv,nb_conv,border_mode='same',input_shape=x_train.shape[1:]))
model.add(Activation('relu'));
model.add(Convolution2D(nb_filters,nb_conv,nb_conv));
model.add(Activation('relu'));
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(nb_pool,nb_pool)));
model.add(Dropout(0.5));
model.add(Flatten());
model.add(Dense(128));
model.add(Dropout(0.5));
model.add(Dense(nb_classes));
model.add(Activation('softmax'));
model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy',optimizer='adadelta',metrics=['accuracy'])


nb_epoch=5;
batch_size=5;
model.fit(x_train,Y_train,batch_size=batch_size,nb_epoch=nb_epoch,verbose=1,validation_data=(x_test, Y_test))


files=os.listdir(path1);
img=files[0] 
im = Image.open(path1 + '\\'+img);
imrs = im.resize((m,n))
imrs=img_to_array(imrs)/255;
imrs=imrs.transpose(2,0,1);
imrs=imrs.reshape(3,m,n);

x=[]
x.append(imrs)
x=np.array(x);
predictions = model.predict(x)

但是，此腳本無法運行，並且在控制台中提供了此提示，似乎無法識別指定的路徑（我使用的是帶有Python 3.6和Spyder環境的Windows）

runfile('C:/Users/Monirah/.spyder-py3/semi1.py', 
wdir='C:/Users/Monirah/.spyder-py3')
Traceback (most recent call last):

File "<ipython-input-13-144f8465de97>", line 1, in <module>
runfile('C:/Users/Monirah/.spyder-py3/semi1.py', 
wdir='C:/Users/Monirah/.spyder-py3')

File "C:\Users\Monirah\Anaconda3\lib\site-
packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 710, in runfile
execfile(filename, namespace)

File "C:\Users\Monirah\Anaconda3\lib\site-
packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 101, in execfile
exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

File "C:/Users/Monirah/.spyder-py3/semi1.py", line 26, in <module>
classes=os.listdir(path2)

FileNotFoundError: [WinError 3] The system cannot find the path specified: 
'data'

Answer 1

使用debug或先打印出程序中使用的所有路徑，然后檢查它們是否有效。

Answer 2

1. 在Windows中使用“ \\”作為路徑，例如：c：\\ mydir
2. 在os.chdir("D:/File"); ，請print os.getcwd()並檢查當前目錄是否與os.chdir()使用的路徑相同
3. 現在檢查當前目錄中是否存在print os.path.exists(path2) 。

注意：始終使用os.path.join()進行文件路徑操作。 無論底層操作系統如何，此方法都可以正常工作。