T-SQL最大日期和最小日期，帶有值單行

Question

首先，我要感謝幫助這個復雜而困難的查詢的朋友。

我有三張桌子

表格1

 StaffId     FirstName       LastName   staffType
---------------------------------------
   1          Adam            Sorme      Student 
   2          Lara            Sandra     Teacher
   3          Jack            Jones      Student

表2

 GateId   GateName  
 ---------------------------------------
   1        frontDoor
   2        superDoor

表3

Id transitionDate     GateId  StaffId 
 ---------------------------------------
1  2018-01-1 08:00:00    1     1
2  2018-01-1 10:00:00    2     1
3  2018-01-1 20:00:00    2     1
4  2018-01-2 07:00:00    1     2
5  2018-01-2 10:00:00    1     3
6  2018-01-9 12:00:00    2     2

我要每天的學生的第一和最后的動作。 如果在指定的日期之間沒有可用的移動，則值必須設置為null

transitionDate> '2018-01-1 00:00:00 000' 
 and transitionDate< '2018-01-03 00:00:00 000'

OUTPUT：

  Id     Date    MinTransitionDate    MaxTransitionDate    FirstGateName LastGateName    StaffId    StaffType
  1   2018-01-01  2018-01-1 08:00:00 2018-01-1 20:00:00    frontDoor      superDoor         1         Student
  2   2018-01-01  null                null                  null           null             3         student
  3   2018-01-02  null                null                  null           null             1         student
  4   2018-01-02  2018-01-2 10:00:00  null                 frontDoor       null             3         student

Answer 1

您可以嘗試如下查詢

觀看工作演示

create table staff(StaffId int,   FirstName  nvarchar(10),  LastName nvarchar(10),  staffType nvarchar(10))
insert into staff values
(1,'Adam','Sorme','Student') 
,(2,'Lara','Sandra','Teacher')
,(3,'Jack','Jones','Student')

go

create table gate(GateId int,  GateName  nvarchar(10))
insert into gate values
(1,'frontDoor')
,(2,'superDoor')

go
create table logs 
(Id int, transitionDate  datetime,   GateId  int, StaffId  int)
insert into logs values
(1,'2018-01-1 08:00:00',1,1)
,(2,'2018-01-1 10:00:00',2,1)
,(3,'2018-01-1 20:00:00',2,1)
,(4,'2018-01-2 07:00:00',1,2)
,(5,'2018-01-2 10:00:00',1,3)
,(6,'2018-01-9 12:00:00',2,2)
go
declare @startdate datetime, @enddate datetime
select @startdate='2018-01-1 00:00:00' , @enddate='2018-01-03 00:00:00'


; with tempSet as 
(
    select 
    transitionDatetime=l.transitionDate,
    gateName=g.gateName,
    staffid=l.staffid,
    idx=
         row_number() over(partition by l.staffid order by l.transitionDate ) -
        row_number() over(partition by l.staffid,cast(l.transitionDate as date) order by l.transitionDate ),
    transitionDate=cast(l.transitionDate as date)
    from
    logs l inner join staff s on
    l.staffid=s.staffid and staffType='Student'
    join gate g on g.gateid=l.gateid
)
, groupedSet as
(
    select 
    t1.*,
    FirstGateName=t2.gatename,
    lastGateName=t3.gatename
    from
    (
        select
        staffid,
        mintransitionDate=min(transitionDatetime),
        maxtransitionDate= case when count(1)>1 then max(transitionDatetime) else null end,
        transitionDate=max(transitionDate),
        idx
        from
        tempSet 
        group by staffid,idx
    ) t1
    left join
    tempSet t2
    on t1.idx=t2.idx 
    and t1.staffid=t2.staffid and t1.mintransitionDate=t2.transitionDatetime
     left join
    tempSet t3
    on t1.idx=t3.idx 
    and t1.staffid=t3.staffid and t1.maxtransitionDate=t3.transitionDatetime
    where t1.transitionDate between @startdate and @enddate
 )

 select
 t.*,
 g.mintransitionDate,
 g.maxtransitionDate,
 g.FirstGateName,
 g.LastGateName
 from 
 groupedSet g
 right join
 (
     select 
         d,
         staffid
     from
     (
         select 
         top  (select datediff(d,@startdate, @endDate))
         d=dateadd(d,row_number() over(order by (select null))-1, @startDate)
         from
         sys.objects o1 cross join sys.objects o2
     )tally
          cross join
     staff 
     where staff.stafftype='Student'
    )t
 on cast(t.d as date)=cast(g.transitionDate as date) and t.staffid=g.staffid
 order by t.d asc, t.staffid asc

Answer 2

所有插入語句：

create table #Staff (StaffId int, FirstName varchar(20), LastName varchar(20), staffType varchar(20))
insert into #Staff values
(1, 'Adam', 'Sorme', 'Student'), 
(2, 'Lara', 'Sandra', 'Teacher'),
(3, 'Jack', 'Jones', 'Student')

create table #Gates (GateId int, GateName varchar(20)) 
insert into #Gates values
(1, 'frontDoor'),
(2, 'backDoor')

create table #Transitions (Id int, transitionDate datetime, GateId int, StaffId  int)
insert into #Transitions values
(1, '2018-01-1 08:00:00', 1, 1),
(2, '2018-01-1 10:00:00', 2, 1),
(3, '2018-01-1 20:00:00', 2, 1),
(4, '2018-01-2 07:00:00', 1, 2),
(5, '2018-01-2 10:00:00', 1, 3),
(6, '2018-01-9 12:00:00', 2, 2)

為了獲得理想的結果，您將需要CTE，且每天的時間間隔都在此范圍內。 您在以下查詢中包含的變量中指定的范圍的限制（日期）。

declare @maxTransitionDate datetime, @minTransitionDate datetime
select @maxTransitionDate='2018-01-10', @minTransitionDate='2018-01-01'
;with cte as (
    select @minTransitionDate [Days]
    union all
    select dateadd(day,1,[Days]) from cte where [Days] < @maxTransitionDate
)
,cte2 as (
    select [Days], [StaffId], [FirstName], [LastName] from cte cross apply #staff where stafftype ='Student'
)

select C.[Days] [Date], C.[staffid], C.FirstName, C.LastName, A.mintransitiondate, A.[maxtransitiondate], A.firstgatename, A.lastgatename, A.staffType from (
    select T.[Date],
           T.staffid,
           T.mintransitiondate,
           case when T.maxtransitiondate <> T.mintransitiondate then T.maxtransitiondate end [maxtransitiondate],
           (select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.firstgateid) firstgatename,
           (select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.lastgateid) lastgatename,
           S.FirstName,
           S.LastName,
           S.staffType
    from (
        select [date], staffid,
               max(case when rn = 1 then transitiondate end) mintransitiondate,
               max(case when rn = cnt then transitiondate end) maxtransitiondate,
               max(case when rn = 1 then GateId end) FirstGateId,
               max(case when rn = cnt then GateId end) LastGateId
        from (
            select *, cast(transitiondate as date) [Date],
                   row_number() over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date) order by transitiondate) [rn],
                   count(*) over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date)) [cnt]
            from #Transitions
        ) a group by staffid, [date]
    ) [T] join #Staff [S] on T.staffid = S.staffid
    where S.staffType = 'Student'
) [A] right join cte2 [C] on A.[Date] = C.[Days] and A.[staffid] = C.[staffid]

Answer 3

其他答案似乎太復雜了。

首先，使用cross join獲取所有行。 然后使用left join和聚合來獲取所需的信息。

基本查詢如下所示：

select s.staffId, d.dte,
       min(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
       max(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
       max(case when seqnum_asc = 1 then gateId end) as first_gateid,
       max(case when seqnum_desc = 1 then gateId end) as last_gateid
from (select s.* from Staff s where stafftype = 'Student') s cross join
     (select distinct cast(transitionDate as date) as dte from Transitions) d left join
     (select t.*,
             row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate) as seqnum_asc,
             row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate desc) as seqnum_desc
      from Transitions t
     ) t
     on cast(t.transitiondate as date) = d.dte and
        t.staffId = s.staffId and
        1 in (t.seqnum_asc, t.seqnum_desc)
group by s.staffId, d.dte;

您可以增強select以帶回更多列。

這是一個SQL Fiddle。