盡管pyicu已正確安裝，但Mac和Ubuntu中icu的導入錯誤

Question

我在MacOS和Ubuntu 14.04中都安裝了pyicu ，但是在導入時會顯示ImportError。 對於MacOS，高塞拉輸出為：

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 File "/Users/siddharthdas/venvs/chai/lib/python3.6/site-packages/icu/__init__.py", line 37, in <module>
  from _icu import *
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/siddharthdas/venvs/chai/lib/python3.6/site-packages/_icu.cpython-36m-darwin.so, 2): Symbol not found: __ZNK6icu_6114Transliterator12getTargetSetERNS_10UnicodeSetE
 Referenced from: /Users/siddharthdas/venvs/chai/lib/python3.6/site-packages/_icu.cpython-36m-darwin.so
 Expected in: flat namespace
in /Users/siddharthdas/venvs/chai/lib/python3.6/site-packages/_icu.cpython-36m-darwin.so

在ubuntu 14.0上：

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 File "/home/hackathon/venvs/grey_worm/lib/python3.4/site-packages/icu/__init__.py", line 37, in <module>
  from _icu import *
ImportError: libicui18n.so.58: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Answer 1

在Mac High Sierra中從源代碼構建和安裝pyicu時，我有相同的經驗。

錯誤消息Symbol not found: __ZNK6icu_6114Transliterator12getTargetSetERNS_10UnicodeSetE錯誤Symbol not found: __ZNK6icu_6114Transliterator12getTargetSetERNS_10UnicodeSetE是我們使用的ICU版本與構建軟件包時實際使用的ICU版本之間共享庫不匹配的標志（Mac在/usr/library/libicucore.dylib內置了ICU庫-我懷疑在構建過程中將其用作默認設置）。

因此，我執行以下操作以使用正確的icu lib啟動pyicu並運行它：

1. 使用自制軟件刪除並重新安裝icu4c（ brew remove icu4c並brew install icu4c ）

2. 在標准路徑中創建一個icu-config符號鏈接（ ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/61.1/bin/icu-config /usr/local/bin/icu-config ）

3. 從回購克隆pyicu，編輯setup.py文件，並填寫“達爾文”下的條目INCLUDES ， CFLAGS ， LFLAGS ， LIBRARIES部分如下：

    INCLUDES = { 'darwin': ['/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/61.1/include'] } CFLAGS = { 'darwin': ['-DPYICU_VER="%s"' %(VERSION), '-std=c++11'] } LFLAGS = { 'darwin': ['-L/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/61.1/lib'] } LIBRARIES = { 'darwin': ['/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/61.1/lib'] } 

4. 編譯並安裝軟件包，即python3 setup.py build和python3 setup.py install

注意：如果您以前曾嘗試（未成功）構建軟件包，請確保在重建之前先清除build/目錄的內容，因為如果編譯過程看到目錄已填充，則似乎會跳過創建新構建文件的過程與以前的版本中的文件。

Answer 2

當針對python2.7在macOS（64.2）上安裝pycu最新版本時，我如上所述在setup.py中進行了操作：

INCLUDES = {
    'darwin': ['/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/64.2'],
    'linux': [],
    'freebsd': ['/usr/local/include'],
    'win32': ['c:/icu/include'],
    'sunos5': [],
    'cygwin': [],
}

CFLAGS = {
    'darwin': ['-DPYICU_VER="%s"' %(VERSION), '-std=c++11'],
    'linux': [],
    'freebsd': ['-std=c++11'],
    'win32': ['/Zc:wchar_t', '/EHsc'],
    'sunos5': ['-std=c++11'],
    'cygwin': ['-D_GNU_SOURCE=1', '-std=c++11'],
}

LFLAGS = {
    'darwin': ['-L/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/64.2/lib'],
    'linux': [],
    'freebsd': ['-L/usr/local/lib'],
    'win32': ['/LIBPATH:c:/icu/lib'],
    'sunos5': [],
    'cygwin': [],
}

LIBRARIES = {
    'darwin': ['/usr/local/Cellar/icu4c/64.2/lib'],
    'linux': [],
    'freebsd': ['icui18n', 'icuuc', 'icudata'],
    'win32': ['icuin', 'icuuc', 'icudt'],
    'sunos5': ['icui18n', 'icuuc', 'icudata'],
    'cygwin': ['icui18n', 'icuuc', 'icudata'],
}

對於構建：

CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/icu4c/include LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/icu4c/lib python setup.py build
python setup.py install

然后我已經安裝了PyICU 2.3.1 ：

Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PyICU-2.3.1-py2.7-macosx-10.14-x86_64.egg
Processing dependencies for PyICU==2.3.1
Finished processing dependencies for PyICU==2.3.1