詹金斯：無法運行程序“docker”：錯誤=2，沒有那個文件或目錄

Question

我已經在我的本地機器上安裝了 Jenkins，它在 MacOS High Sierra 上運行並安裝了 docker。 我正在嘗試運行一個使用 docker 的簡單管道示例。 我在管道中添加了以下幾行：

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker { image 'node:7-alpine' }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'node --version'
            }
        }
    }
}

然后從 WebGUI 中，我單擊“立即構建”但它失敗了。 顯示錯誤的控制台輸出如下：

java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory
 at java.lang.UNIXProcess.forkAndExec(Native Method)
 at java.lang.UNIXProcess.<init>(UNIXProcess.java:247)
 at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:134)
 at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1029)
 at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:249)
 at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:218)
 at hudson.Launcher$LocalLauncher.launch(Launcher.java:929)
 at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.start(Launcher.java:449)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:296)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:277)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:274)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.version(DockerClient.java:246)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.WithContainerStep$Execution.start(WithContainerStep.java:141)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.DSL.invokeStep(DSL.java:229)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.DSL.invokeMethod(DSL.java:153)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsScript.invokeMethod(CpsScript.java:122)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaClassSite.call(PogoMetaClassSite.java:48)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.sandbox.DefaultInvoker.methodCall(DefaultInvoker.java:20)
Caused: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "docker": error=2, No such file or directory
 at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1048)
 at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:249)
 at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:218)
 at hudson.Launcher$LocalLauncher.launch(Launcher.java:929)
 at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.start(Launcher.java:449)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:296)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:277)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.launch(DockerClient.java:274)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.client.DockerClient.version(DockerClient.java:246)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.WithContainerStep$Execution.start(WithContainerStep.java:141)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.DSL.invokeStep(DSL.java:229)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.DSL.invokeMethod(DSL.java:153)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsScript.invokeMethod(CpsScript.java:122)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaClassSite.call(PogoMetaClassSite.java:48)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.sandbox.DefaultInvoker.methodCall(DefaultInvoker.java:20)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.Docker$Image.inside(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/docker-workflow/WEB-INF/lib/docker-workflow.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/docker/workflow/Docker.groovy:135)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.Docker.node(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/docker-workflow/WEB-INF/lib/docker-workflow.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/docker/workflow/Docker.groovy:66)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.docker.workflow.Docker$Image.inside(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/docker-workflow/WEB-INF/lib/docker-workflow.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/docker/workflow/Docker.groovy:123)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.impl.DockerPipelineScript.runImage(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-definition/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-definition.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/impl/DockerPipelineScript.groovy:57)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.impl.AbstractDockerPipelineScript.configureRegistry(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-definition/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-definition.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/impl/AbstractDockerPipelineScript.groovy:74)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.impl.AbstractDockerPipelineScript.run(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-definition/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-definition.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/impl/AbstractDockerPipelineScript.groovy:52)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.CheckoutScript.checkoutAndRun(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-extensions/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-extensions.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/CheckoutScript.groovy:66)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.CheckoutScript.doCheckout(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-extensions/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-extensions.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/CheckoutScript.groovy:42)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.agent.impl.LabelScript.run(jar:file:/Users/coder/.jenkins/plugins/pipeline-model-definition/WEB-INF/lib/pipeline-model-definition.jar!/org/jenkinsci/plugins/pipeline/modeldefinition/agent/impl/LabelScript.groovy:44)
 at ___cps.transform___(Native Method)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ContinuationGroup.methodCall(ContinuationGroup.java:57)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.FunctionCallBlock$ContinuationImpl.dispatchOrArg(FunctionCallBlock.java:109)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.FunctionCallBlock$ContinuationImpl.fixArg(FunctionCallBlock.java:82)
 at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor192.invoke(Unknown Source)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ContinuationPtr$ContinuationImpl.receive(ContinuationPtr.java:72)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ClosureBlock.eval(ClosureBlock.java:46)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Next.step(Next.java:83)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable$1.call(Continuable.java:174)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable$1.call(Continuable.java:163)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.GroovyCategorySupport$ThreadCategoryInfo.use(GroovyCategorySupport.java:122)
 at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.GroovyCategorySupport.use(GroovyCategorySupport.java:261)
 at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable.run0(Continuable.java:163)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.SandboxContinuable.access$101(SandboxContinuable.java:34)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.SandboxContinuable.lambda$run0$0(SandboxContinuable.java:59)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.scriptsecurity.sandbox.groovy.GroovySandbox.runInSandbox(GroovySandbox.java:108)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.SandboxContinuable.run0(SandboxContinuable.java:58)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThread.runNextChunk(CpsThread.java:174)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup.run(CpsThreadGroup.java:332)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup.access$200(CpsThreadGroup.java:83)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup$2.call(CpsThreadGroup.java:244)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup$2.call(CpsThreadGroup.java:232)
 at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsVmExecutorService$2.call(CpsVmExecutorService.java:64)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
 at hudson.remoting.SingleLaneExecutorService$1.run(SingleLaneExecutorService.java:131)
 at jenkins.util.ContextResettingExecutorService$1.run(ContextResettingExecutorService.java:28)
 at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Finished: FAILURE

為什么會這樣？ 在 Jenkins 文檔中，他們只給出了這種語法，沒有提到其他任何東西。

Answer 1

我遇到了與上面相同的問題。 我不確定我的情況與您的情況完全相同，但 TL;DR 是您需要確保 Docker 可用於 Jenkins 正在使用的 PATH 變量。 特別是它啟動的那個，可以在Jenkins Home -> Manage Jenkins -> System Information下看到。

就我而言，我在 Mac 上並通過 Homebrew 安裝了 Jenkins。 為了解決這個問題，我編輯了/usr/local/opt/jenkins-lts/homebrew.mxcl.jenkins-lts.plist文件並將其更改為以下內容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
  <dict>
    <key>Label</key>
    <string>homebrew.mxcl.jenkins-lts</string>
    <key>ProgramArguments</key>
    <array>
      <string>/usr/libexec/java_home</string>
      <string>-v</string>
      <string>1.8</string>
      <string>--exec</string>
      <string>java</string>
      <string>-Dmail.smtp.starttls.enable=true</string>
      <string>-jar</string>
      <string>/usr/local/opt/jenkins-lts/libexec/jenkins.war</string>
      <string>--httpListenAddress=127.0.0.1</string>
      <string>--httpPort=8080</string>
    </array>
    <key>EnvironmentVariables</key>
    <dict>
      <key>PATH</key>
      <string>/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin</string>
    </dict>
    <key>RunAtLoad</key>
    <true/>
  </dict>
</plist>

這里的重要部分是：

    <key>EnvironmentVariables</key>
    <dict>
      <key>PATH</key>
      <string>/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin</string>
    </dict>

就我而言， docker在/usr/local/bin可用。

Answer 2

我也遇到了一些嚴重的問題，所以我想發布我的解決方案，因為我沒有在任何地方看到它。

我的設置是：運行 Mac OS Sierra 的 Mac Mini，jenkins 和 docker 都安裝在本地。 Jenkins 無法在 groovy 腳本中調用 docker，但 shell 可以訪問 docker 命令。

解決方案：

1. 管理 Jenkins > 全局工具配置
2. 點擊添加docker安裝
3. 隨意命名，您將使用此名稱來標識 Groovy 腳本中的安裝
4. 將安裝根目錄設置為 Docker 的安裝位置（我的默認在 /usr/local 中）。 如果我附加 /bin 這條路徑，這對我不起作用，因為我在 Jenkins 中使用的 docker 插件會自動執行此操作。 我們窺探了 docker-workflow-plugin 的源代碼以自己驗證這一點。
5. 保存這些更改

6. 打開您要調用 docker 安裝的 Groovy 腳本，並將您的 docker 調用包含在如下塊語句中：

   docker.withTool('') { //任何你想在這里運行的 docker 命令 }

Answer 3

我最近在 macOS 上遇到了同樣的問題。 通過/usr/local/opt/jenkins-lts/homebrew.mxcl.jenkins-lts.plist添加到/usr/local/opt/jenkins-lts/homebrew.mxcl.jenkins-lts.plist來解決

    <key>EnvironmentVariables</key>
    <dict>
      <key>PATH</key>
      <string>/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin</string>
    </dict>

它還需要重啟 jenkins brew services restart jenkins-lts 。

順便說一句，在 jenkins web GUI 中添加 PATH 環境並不能解決問題。 它在某些部分起作用並且整個過程都失敗了，這使它更加困惑並誤導了我太多。