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如何基於JQ中的路徑列表過濾出JSON

[英]How to filter out a JSON based on list of paths in JQ

給定任意 JSON輸入:

{  
   "id":"038020",
   "title":"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows",
   "turtles":[  
      {  
         "name":"Leonardo",
         "mask":"blue"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Michelangelo",
         "mask":"orange"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Donatello",
         "mask":"purple"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Raphael",
         "mask":"red"
      }
   ],
   "summary":"The Turtles continue to live in the shadows and no one knows they were the ones who took down Shredder",
   "cast":"Megan Fox, Will Arnett, Tyler Perry",
   "director":"Dave Green"
}

以及任意 JQ路徑列表,例如[".turtles[].name", ".cast", ".does.not.exist"]或任何類似格式

如何僅使用列表路徑中包含的信息創建新的JSON? 在這種情況下,預期結果將是:

{  
   "turtles":[  
      {  
         "name":"Leonardo"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Michelangelo"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Donatello"
      },
      {  
         "name":"Raphael"
      }
   ],
   "cast":"Megan Fox, Will Arnett, Tyler Perry"
}

我已經看到類似的解決方案,例如使用jq1.5 +中提供walk函數從JSON中“刪除null條目”的方法,大致類似:

def filter_list(input, list):
 input
 | walk(  
     if type == "object" then
       with_entries( select(.key | IN( list )))
     else
       .
     end); 

filter_list([.], [.a, .b, .c[].d])

但是它應該以某種方式考慮JSON中的完整路徑。

解決此問題的最佳方法是什么?

如果$ paths包含一個顯式jq路徑數組(例如[ ["turtles", 0, "name"], ["cast"]]) ,則最簡單的方法是使用以下過濾器:

. as $in
| reduce $paths[] as $p (null; setpath($p; $in | getpath($p)))

擴展路徑表達式

為了能夠處理擴展路徑表達式,例如[“ turtles”,[],“ name”],其中[]的目的是在turtles數組的索引范圍內,我們將定義以下輔助函數:

def xpath($ary):
  . as $in
  | if ($ary|length) == 0 then null
    else $ary[0] as $k
    | if $k == []
      then range(0;length) as $i | $in[$i] | xpath($ary[1:]) | [$i] + .
      else .[$k] | xpath($ary[1:]) | [$k] + . 
      end
    end ;

為了說明起見,讓我們還定義:

def paths($ary): $ary[] as $path | xpath($path);

然后使用給定的輸入,表達式:

. as $in
| reduce paths([ ["turtles", [], "name"], ["cast"]]) as $p 
    (null; setpath($p; $in | getpath($p)) )

產生如下所示的輸出。

使用path

值得指出的是,處理諸如“ .turtles []。name”之類的表達式的一種方法是使用內置過濾器path/1

例如:

# Emit a stream of paths:
def paths: path(.turtles[].name), ["cast"];

. as $in
| reduce paths as $p (null; setpath($p; $in | getpath($p)))

輸出:

{
  "turtles": [
    {
      "name": "Leonardo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michelangelo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Donatello"
    },
    {
      "name": "Raphael"
    }
  ],
  "cast": "Megan Fox, Will Arnett, Tyler Perry"
}

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