實體框架核心2.1用於更新具有關系的實體

Question

我目前遇到EF核心2.1和本機客戶端用來更新包含多層嵌入對象的對象的web api的問題。 我已經閱讀了這兩個主題：

實體框架核心：無法使用嵌套值對象更新實體

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/saving/disconnected-entities

我已經了解到，現在更新EF Core 2中的對象確實不是那么明顯。但我還沒有設法找到一個有效的解決方案。 在每次嘗試時，我都有一個例外，告訴我EF已經跟蹤了“步驟”。

我的模型看起來像這樣：

//CIApplication the root class I’m trying to update
public class CIApplication : ConfigurationItem // -> derive of BaseEntity which holds the ID and some other properties  
{

    //Collection of DeploymentScenario
    public virtual ICollection<DeploymentScenario> DeploymentScenarios { get; set; }

    //Collection of SoftwareMeteringRules
    public virtual ICollection<SoftwareMeteringRule> SoftwareMeteringRules { get; set; }
}

//與應用程序具有一對多關系的部署方案。 部署方案包含兩個步驟列表

public class DeploymentScenario : BaseEntity
{

    //Collection of substeps
    public virtual ICollection<Step> InstallSteps { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Step> UninstallSteps { get; set; }

    //Navigation properties Parent CI
    public Guid? ParentCIID { get; set; }
    public virtual CIApplication ParentCI { get; set; }
}

//步驟，這也很復雜，也是自引用的

public class Step : BaseEntity
{

    public string ScriptBlock { get; set; }


    //Parent Step Navigation property
    public Guid? ParentStepID { get; set; }
    public virtual Step ParentStep { get; set; }

    //Parent InstallDeploymentScenario Navigation property
    public Guid? ParentInstallDeploymentScenarioID { get; set; }
    public virtual DeploymentScenario ParentInstallDeploymentScenario { get; set; }

    //Parent InstallDeploymentScenario Navigation property
    public Guid? ParentUninstallDeploymentScenarioID { get; set; }
    public virtual DeploymentScenario ParentUninstallDeploymentScenario { get; set; }

    //Collection of sub steps
    public virtual ICollection<Step> SubSteps { get; set; }

    //Collection of input variables
    public virtual List<ScriptVariable> InputVariables { get; set; }
    //Collection of output variables
    public virtual List<ScriptVariable> OutPutVariables { get; set; }

}

這是我的更新方法，我知道它很難看，它不應該在控制器中，但我每兩個小時就更換一次，因為我試圖在網上找到解決方案。 所以這是來自https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/saving/disconnected-entities的最后一次迭代

public async Task<IActionResult> PutCIApplication([FromRoute] Guid id, [FromBody] CIApplication cIApplication)
    {
        _logger.LogWarning("Updating CIApplication " + cIApplication.Name);

        if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            return BadRequest(ModelState);
        }

        if (id != cIApplication.ID)
        {
            return BadRequest();
        }

        var cIApplicationInDB = _context.CIApplications
            .Include(c => c.Translations)
            .Include(c => c.DeploymentScenarios).ThenInclude(d => d.InstallSteps).ThenInclude(s => s.SubSteps)
            .Include(c => c.DeploymentScenarios).ThenInclude(d => d.UninstallSteps).ThenInclude(s => s.SubSteps)
            .Include(c => c.SoftwareMeteringRules)
            .Include(c => c.Catalogs)
            .Include(c => c.Categories)
            .Include(c => c.OwnerCompany)
            .SingleOrDefault(c => c.ID == id);

        _context.Entry(cIApplicationInDB).CurrentValues.SetValues(cIApplication);

        foreach(var ds in cIApplication.DeploymentScenarios)
        {
            var existingDeploymentScenario = cIApplicationInDB.DeploymentScenarios.FirstOrDefault(d => d.ID == ds.ID);

            if (existingDeploymentScenario == null)
            {
                cIApplicationInDB.DeploymentScenarios.Add(ds);
            }
            else
            {
                _context.Entry(existingDeploymentScenario).CurrentValues.SetValues(ds);

                foreach(var step in existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps)
                {
                    var existingStep = existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps.FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID == step.ID);

                    if (existingStep == null)
                    {
                        existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps.Add(step);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _context.Entry(existingStep).CurrentValues.SetValues(step);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        foreach(var ds in cIApplicationInDB.DeploymentScenarios)
        {
            if(!cIApplication.DeploymentScenarios.Any(d => d.ID == ds.ID))
            {
                _context.Remove(ds);
            }
        }

        //_context.Update(cIApplication);
        try
        {
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        }
        catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException e)
        {
            if (!CIApplicationExists(id))
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            else
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
        }

        return Ok(cIApplication);
    }

到目前為止，我遇到了這個異常：無法跟蹤實體類型“Step”的實例，因為已經跟蹤了另一個鍵值為“{ID：e29b3c1c-2e06-4c7b-b0cd-f8f1c5ccb7b6}”的實例。

我注意到客戶以前沒有做過“獲取”操作，即使是這樣我也把AsNoTracking放在我的get方法上。 客戶端在更新之前進行的唯一操作是“_context.CIApplications.Any（e => e.ID == id）;”如果我應該添加新記錄或更新現有記錄。

幾天以來我一直在與這個問題作斗爭，所以如果有人能幫助我朝着正確的方向前進，我真的很感激。 非常感謝

更新：

我在控制器中添加了以下代碼：

var existingStep = existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps.FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID == step.ID);
                    entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries();
                    if (existingStep == null)
                    {
                        existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps.Add(step);
                        entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries();
                    }

entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries（）; line添加包含新步驟的新deploymentScenario后立即引發“已經跟蹤的步驟”異常。

就在它之前，新的deploymentScenario和步驟不在跟蹤器中，而且我已經在數據庫中檢查了他們的ID沒有重復。

我也檢查了我的Post方法，現在它也失敗了...我將它恢復為默認方法而沒有花哨的東西里面：

[HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> PostCIApplication([FromBody] CIApplication cIApplication)
    {
        if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            return BadRequest(ModelState);
        }
        var entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries();
        _context.CIApplications.Add(cIApplication);
        entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries();
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        entries = _context.ChangeTracker.Entries();
        return CreatedAtAction("GetCIApplication", new { id = cIApplication.ID }, cIApplication);
    }

條目在開頭是空的_context.CIApplications.Add（cIApplication）; line仍然提出異常仍然是部署方案中包含的唯一一步......

所以當我嘗試在我的上下文中添加內容時顯然有些錯誤，但是現在我感覺完全迷失了。 這可能有助於我在啟動時聲明我的上下文：

services.AddDbContext<MyAppContext>(options =>
            options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"),
            b => b.MigrationsAssembly("DeployFactoryDataModel")),
            ServiceLifetime.Transient
            );

添加我的上下文類：

public class MyAppContext : DbContext
{
    private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _contextAccessor;
    public MyAppContext(DbContextOptions<MyAppContext> options, IHttpContextAccessor contextAccessor) : base(options)
    {
        _contextAccessor = contextAccessor;
    }


    protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {

        optionsBuilder.EnableSensitiveDataLogging();
    }

    public DbSet<Step> Steps { get; set; }
    //public DbSet<Sequence> Sequences { get; set; }
    public DbSet<DeploymentScenario> DeploymentScenarios { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ConfigurationItem> ConfigurationItems { get; set; }
    public DbSet<CIApplication> CIApplications { get; set; }
    public DbSet<SoftwareMeteringRule> SoftwareMeteringRules { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ConfigurationItemCategory> ConfigurationItemsCategories { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Company> Companies { get; set; }
    public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Group> Groups { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Catalog> Catalogs { get; set; }
    public DbSet<CIDriver> CIDrivers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<DriverCompatiblityEntry> DriverCompatiblityEntries { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ScriptVariable> ScriptVariables { get; set; }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        //Step one to many with step for sub steps
        modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().HasMany(s => s.SubSteps).WithOne(s => s.ParentStep).HasForeignKey(s => s.ParentStepID);

        //Step one to many with step for variables
        modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().HasMany(s => s.InputVariables).WithOne(s => s.ParentInputStep).HasForeignKey(s => s.ParentInputStepID);
        modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().HasMany(s => s.OutPutVariables).WithOne(s => s.ParentOutputStep).HasForeignKey(s => s.ParentOutputStepID);

        //Step one to many with sequence
        //modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().HasOne(step => step.ParentSequence).WithMany(seq => seq.Steps).HasForeignKey(step => step.ParentSequenceID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Cascade);

        //DeploymentScenario One to many with install steps
        modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().HasMany(d => d.InstallSteps).WithOne(s => s.ParentInstallDeploymentScenario).HasForeignKey(s => s.ParentInstallDeploymentScenarioID);

        //DeploymentScenario One to many with uninstall steps
        modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().HasMany(d => d.UninstallSteps).WithOne(s => s.ParentUninstallDeploymentScenario).HasForeignKey(s => s.ParentUninstallDeploymentScenarioID);

        //DeploymentScenario one to one with sequences
        //modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().HasOne(ds => ds.InstallSequence).WithOne(seq => seq.IDeploymentScenario).HasForeignKey<DeploymentScenario>(ds => ds.InstallSequenceID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Cascade);
        //modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().HasOne(ds => ds.UninstallSequence).WithOne(seq => seq.UDeploymentScenario).HasForeignKey<DeploymentScenario>(ds => ds.UninstallSequenceID);

        //Step MUI config
        modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().Ignore(s => s.Description);
        modelBuilder.Entity<Step>().HasMany(s => s.Translations).WithOne().HasForeignKey(x => x.StepTranslationId);

        //Sequence MUI config
        //modelBuilder.Entity<Sequence>().Ignore(s => s.Description);
        //modelBuilder.Entity<Sequence>().HasMany(s => s.Translations).WithOne().HasForeignKey(x => x.SequenceTranslationId);

        //DeploymentScenario MUI config
        modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().Ignore(s => s.Name);
        modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().Ignore(s => s.Description);
        modelBuilder.Entity<DeploymentScenario>().HasMany(s => s.Translations).WithOne().HasForeignKey(x => x.DeploymentScenarioTranslationId);

        //CIApplication  relations
        //CIApplication one to many relation with Deployment Scenario
        modelBuilder.Entity<CIApplication>().HasMany(ci => ci.DeploymentScenarios).WithOne(d => d.ParentCI).HasForeignKey(d => d.ParentCIID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Cascade);
        modelBuilder.Entity<CIApplication>().HasMany(ci => ci.SoftwareMeteringRules).WithOne(d => d.ParentCI).HasForeignKey(d => d.ParentCIID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Cascade);

        // CIDriver relations
        // CIAPpplication one to many relation with DriverCompatibilityEntry
        modelBuilder.Entity<CIDriver>().HasMany(ci => ci.CompatibilityList).WithOne(c => c.ParentCI).HasForeignKey(c => c.ParentCIID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);

        //ConfigurationItem MUI config
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItem>().Ignore(s => s.Name);
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItem>().Ignore(s => s.Description);
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItem>().HasMany(s => s.Translations).WithOne().HasForeignKey(x => x.ConfigurationItemTranslationId);

        //category MUI config
        modelBuilder.Entity<Category>().Ignore(s => s.Name);
        modelBuilder.Entity<Category>().Ignore(s => s.Description);
        modelBuilder.Entity<Category>().HasMany(s => s.Translations).WithOne().HasForeignKey(x => x.CategoryTranslationId);

        //CI Categories Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItemCategory>().HasKey(cc => new { cc.CategoryId, cc.CIId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItemCategory>().HasOne(cc => cc.Category).WithMany(cat => cat.ConfigurationItems).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CategoryId);
        modelBuilder.Entity<ConfigurationItemCategory>().HasOne(cc => cc.ConfigurationItem).WithMany(ci => ci.Categories).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CIId);

        //CI Catalog Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<CICatalog>().HasKey(cc => new { cc.CatalogId, cc.ConfigurationItemId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<CICatalog>().HasOne(cc => cc.Catalog).WithMany(cat => cat.CIs).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CatalogId);
        modelBuilder.Entity<CICatalog>().HasOne(cc => cc.ConfigurationItem).WithMany(ci => ci.Catalogs).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.ConfigurationItemId);

        //Company Customers Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCustomers>().HasKey(cc => new { cc.CustomerId, cc.ProviderId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCustomers>().HasOne(cc => cc.Provider).WithMany(p => p.Customers).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.ProviderId).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCustomers>().HasOne(cc => cc.Customer).WithMany(c => c.Providers).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CustomerId);

        //Company Catalog Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCatalog>().HasKey(cc => new { cc.CatalogId, cc.CompanyId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCatalog>().HasOne(cc => cc.Catalog).WithMany(c => c.Companies).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CatalogId);
        modelBuilder.Entity<CompanyCatalog>().HasOne(cc => cc.Company).WithMany(c => c.Catalogs).HasForeignKey(cc => cc.CompanyId);

        //Author Catalog Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<CatalogAuthors>().HasKey(ca => new { ca.AuthorId, ca.CatalogId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<CatalogAuthors>().HasOne(ca => ca.Catalog).WithMany(c => c.Authors).HasForeignKey(ca => ca.CatalogId);
        modelBuilder.Entity<CatalogAuthors>().HasOne(ca => ca.Author).WithMany(a => a.AuthoringCatalogs).HasForeignKey(ca => ca.AuthorId);

        //Company one to many with owned Catalog
        modelBuilder.Entity<Company>().HasMany(c => c.OwnedCatalogs).WithOne(c => c.OwnerCompany).HasForeignKey(c => c.OwnerCompanyID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
        //Company one to many with owned Categories
        modelBuilder.Entity<Company>().HasMany(c => c.OwnedCategories).WithOne(c => c.OwnerCompany).HasForeignKey(c => c.OwnerCompanyID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
        //Company one to many with owned CIs
        modelBuilder.Entity<Company>().HasMany(c => c.OwnedCIs).WithOne(c => c.OwnerCompany).HasForeignKey(c => c.OwnerCompanyID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);

        //CIDriver one to many with DriverCompatibilityEntry
        modelBuilder.Entity<CIDriver>().HasMany(c => c.CompatibilityList).WithOne(c => c.ParentCI).HasForeignKey(c => c.ParentCIID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);

        //User Group Many to Many
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserGroup>().HasKey(ug => new { ug.UserId, ug.GroupId });
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserGroup>().HasOne(cg => cg.User).WithMany(ci => ci.Groups).HasForeignKey(cg => cg.UserId);
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserGroup>().HasOne(cg => cg.Group).WithMany(ci => ci.Users).HasForeignKey(cg => cg.GroupId);

        //User one to many with Company
        modelBuilder.Entity<Company>().HasMany(c => c.Employees).WithOne(u => u.Employer).HasForeignKey(u => u.EmployerID).OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
    }

更新2

這是一個指向minima repro示例的驅動器鏈接。 我沒有在客戶端實現PUT，因為post方法已經重現了這個問題。

https://1drv.ms/u/s!AsO87EeN0Fnsk7dDRY3CJeeLT-4Vag

Answer 1

您在此處列舉現有步驟，並搜索現有步驟集合中的現有步驟，這是沒有意義的。

 foreach(var step in existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps)
     var existingStep = existingDeploymentScenario.InstallSteps
         .FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID == step.ID);

雖然應該是：

foreach(var step in ds.InstallSteps)

Answer 2

我想通了，我感到非常慚愧。

感謝大家，我終於懷疑客戶端和它處理數據的問題是由此引起的。

事實證明，當客戶端創建部署方案時，它會創建一個步驟並將其分配給installStep和uninstallSteps列表，從而導致問題...

我非常確定uninstallstep列表沒有被使用我在調試時甚至沒有使用它。