Kivy ScreenManager中斷BoxLayout

Question

我是Kivy的新手，但能夠創建一個單屏幕應用程序。 在我需要添加更多屏幕之前，一切看起來都很不錯。 一頁應用程序正確顯示，但是當我添加屏幕時，BoxLayouts不再按預期工作。 這些小部件都在屏幕底部相互渲染。 我的問題是實施ScreenManager時我做錯了什么？

一屏式應用程序如下所示：

我決定使其成為多屏幕，但是當我添加ScreenManager邏輯時，結果屏幕如下所示：

我從本教程中獲得了信息

我的main.py文件如下所示：

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen, FadeTransition

class Pay_screen(Screen):
    pass

class Survey_screen(Screen):
    pass

class Finish_screen(Screen):
    pass

class Sm(ScreenManager):
    pass

class Next_root(BoxLayout):
    pass

class Nq_disagree_label(Label):
    pass

class Nq_question_label(Label):
    pass

class Nq_button(Button):
    pass

class survey_form(BoxLayout):
    #dept_button = ObjectProperty()

    def send_survey(self):
        mypopup = MyPopup()
        mypopup.show_popup('Survey', 'Survey sent!', 'OK!')

    def add_comment(self):
        mypopup = MyPopup()
        mypopup.show_popup('Comment', 'This is where a comment is added.', 'OK!')

    def close_app(self):
        App.get_running_app().stop()

class MyPopup(Popup):
    def show_popup(self, title_text, label_text, button_text):
        mytext= label_text
        content = BoxLayout(orientation="vertical")
        content.add_widget(Label(text=mytext, font_size=20, text_size=(300, None)))
        mybutton = Button(text="Ok!", size_hint=(1,.20), font_size=20)
        content.add_widget(mybutton)
        mypopup = Popup(content = content,              
                        title = title_text,     
                        auto_dismiss = False,         
                        size_hint = (.5, .5)) #,         
                        #font_size = 20)
        mybutton.bind(on_press=mypopup.dismiss)  
        mypopup.open()  

class nextqualApp(App):
    icon = 'nextqual.png'
    title = 'Pay / survey / join'


if __name__ == '__main__':

    nextqualApp().run()

屏幕管理器的KV文件如下所示：

#: import FadeTransition kivy.uix.screenmanager.FadeTransition

Sm:
    transition: FadeTransition()
    Survey_screen:
    Pay_screen:


<nq_button@Button>:
    halign: "center"
    text: "Add\ncomment"
    size_hint_x: 10

<Nq_disagree_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    size_hint_x: 10
    text:"Strongly\ndisagree"

<Nq_agree_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    size_hint_x: 10
    text:"Strongly\nagree"

<Nq_question_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    font_size: "24"
    size_hint_x: 25

<Pay_screen>:
    name: 'pay'
    #orientation: "vertical"
    #padding: 6
    #font_size: 24
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        Button: 
            text: "Pay your bill"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'
        Button:
            text: "Tell us how we did"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
        Button:
            text: "I'm finished"
    BoxLayout:
        Button:
            text: "Pay your bill"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'

<Survey_screen>:
    name: "survey"
    #orientation: "vertical"
    #padding: 6
    #font_size: "24"

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        Button: 
            text: "Pay your bill"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'

        Button:
            text: "Tell us how we did"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
        Button:
            text: "I'm finished"

    BoxLayout:
        halign: "center"
        Image:
            source: "logo.jpg"  
            #size: self.size

    BoxLayout:
        height: "80dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Label:
            bold: True
            #color: 10,10,10,10
            #halign: "center"
            #text_size: self.size
            markup: True
            text: "[color=f9f752]Description[/color]"
            multiline: True
            #size_hint_x: 25
            text_size: self.size
            halign: 'center'
            valign: 'middle'


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The service I recieved from start to finish was excellent."

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "I waited an appropriate amount of time for my food and drink."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The quality and presentation of the food was outstanding."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The prices provide good value for money."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The atmosphere was relaxing and enjoyable."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The overall cleanliness was very acceptable."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "I will recommend Synterest to my friends and family."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "100dp"
        size_hint_y: None

        Label:
            size_hint_x: 40
        Button:
            size_hint_x: 20
            text:"Send survey"
            halign: "center"
            on_press: root.send_survey()
        Label:
            size_hint_x: 40

沒有屏幕管理器的KV文件如下所示：

nq_button@Button>:
    halign: "center"
    text: "Add\ncomment"
    size_hint_x: 10

<Nq_disagree_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    size_hint_x: 10
    text:"Strongly\ndisagree"

<Nq_agree_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    size_hint_x: 10
    text:"Strongly\nagree"

<Nq_question_label@Label>:
    halign: "left"
    font_size: "24"
    size_hint_x: 25

survey_form:

<survey_form>:
    name: "survey"
    orientation: "vertical"
    padding: 6
    font_size: "24"

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        Button: 
            text: "Pay your bill"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'

        Button:
            text: "Tell us how we did"
            on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
        Button:
            text: "I'm finished"

    BoxLayout:
        halign: "center"
        Image:
            source: "logo.jpg"  
            #size: self.size

    BoxLayout:
        height: "80dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Label:
            bold: True
            #color: 10,10,10,10
            #halign: "center"
            #text_size: self.size
            markup: True
            text: "[color=f9f752]At Synterest, we care deeply about your impressions of our food, service and atmosphere. We would be very grateful if you took a few moments to give us your feedback on how you enjoyed your meal.[/color]"
            multiline: True
            #size_hint_x: 25
            text_size: self.size
            halign: 'center'
            valign: 'middle'


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The service I recieved from start to finish was excellent."

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "I waited an appropriate amount of time for my food and drink."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The quality and presentation of the food was outstanding."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The prices provide good value for money."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The atmosphere was relaxing and enjoyable."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "The overall cleanliness was very acceptable."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()

    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_question_label:
            text: "I will recommend Synterest to my friends and family."
    BoxLayout:
        height: "40dp"
        size_hint_y: None
        Nq_disagree_label:
        Slider:
            size_hint_x: 80
            value: 50
        Nq_agree_label:
        nq_button:
            on_press: root.add_comment()


    BoxLayout:
        height: "100dp"
        size_hint_y: None

        Label:
            size_hint_x: 40
        Button:
            size_hint_x: 20
            text:"Send survey"
            halign: "center"
            on_press: root.send_survey()
        Label:
            size_hint_x: 40

Answer 1

經過長時間的辛苦訓練，有時答案很明顯。

Survey_screen和Pay_screen是從Main.py文件中的Screen繼承的。 當我制作原始的一頁應用程序時，根窗口小部件繼承自BoxLayout。

我在.kv文件的每個屏幕上添加了一個BoxLayout，並將所有內容放置在正確的位置。

例如，

<Survey_screen>:
    name: "survey"
    BoxLayout:
        orientation: "vertical"
        padding: 6
        BoxLayout:
            height: "40dp"
            size_hint_y: None

            Button: 

等等

Answer 2

我設法使屏幕管理器工作正常，並在所有屏幕上共享小部件屬性。

class XDispLayout(Screen):

    intr_str01 = str('This application advises --')


    def start01_value(self):

      xclr=[random.random(), random.random(), random.random()]+[1]

      self.ids.x1.color=xclr
      self.ids.set_ipbtn.color=xclr
      app = App.get_running_app()
      print ('text imported is '+ str(app.INT_TEXT))
      app.INT_TEXT = app.INT_TEXT + 1

      app.COLOR_STX=xclr
      print ('screen-Main app.COLOR_STX -is >'+ str(app.COLOR_STX))
      self.ids.ip_add01.color=app.COLOR_STX
      #below is an example of how you update on another screen, Year05 screen for eg.
      app.root.pyear05.ids.sfayear05.color =app.COLOR_STX

      return()

class Year01(Screen):
    def set_chk_same_cshint_y1(self,guess, *arg):
        if guess.active:
           temp_int=float(self.ids.cshint_y1m1.value)
           print ('tttt-is >'+ str(temp_int))
           app = App.get_running_app()
           self.ids.sfayear06.color=app.COLOR_STX
           print ('app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm2.value -is >'+ str(app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm1.value))
           #since the above is actually the same object, you can use 
           #different ways....
           #self.ids.int_ylm1.value==temp_int
           #app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm1.value=temp_int



class CManager(ScreenManager):
      #below is important when you want to change something on another screen
      pmain = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear01 = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear02 = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear03 = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear04 = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear05 = ObjectProperty(None)
      pyear06 = ObjectProperty(None)
      #self.transition=NoTransition()
      pass


class FinDispApp(App):

  # the below values can be accessed using app.INT_TEXT, app.COLOR_STX
  INT_TEXT = 55
  COLOR_STX = [1,0,0,1]
  CASHOUT_00=0

  #.....
  #.......

   def build(self):
      sm = CManager(transition=NoTransition())
      sm.current='main'
      return sm


if __name__ == "__main__":
   FinDispApp().run()



<CManager>:
    #this is the root widget
    id:screen_manager01
    #below maps python object property to kivy Ids
    pmain : idmain
    pyear01 : idyear01
    pyear02 : idyear02
    pyear03 : idyear03
    pyear04 : idyear04
    pyear05 : idyear05
    pyear06 : idyear06

    XDispLayout:
        id:idmain
        name:'main'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year01:
        id:idyear01
        name:'year01'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year02:
        id:idyear02
        name:'year02'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year03:
        id:idyear03 
        name:'year03'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year04:
        id:idyear04
        name:'year04'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year05:
        id:idyear05
        name:'year05'
        manager:screen_manager01
    Year06:
        id:idyear06
        name:'year06'
        manager:screen_manager01

<XDispLayout>:
    name: 'main'
    orientation: "horizontal"
    BoxLayout:
        orientation:'vertical'


        BoxLayout:
            orientation:'horizontal'
            size_hint_x :1
            size_hint_y :0.08
            Button:
                id: btn_yr06
                text:'go to year06'
                o#pacity : 0
                #disabled : True
                on_press:
                    #root.setvalue_00()
                on_release:
                    root.manager.current = 'year06'
                    root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'               
            Button:
                id: btn_yr01
                text:'go to year01'
                opacity : 0
                disabled : True
                on_press:
                    #root.enable_y06()
                    #root.setvalue_00()
                on_release:
                    root.manager.current = 'year01'
                    root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'


<Year01>:
    name: 'year01'
    BoxLayout:
        orientation:'vertical'
        Label:
            id:sfayear01
            text: "Year01"


<Year02>:
    name: 'year02'
    BoxLayout:
        orientation:'vertical'
        Label:
            id:sfayear02
            text: "Year02"
            halign : 'right'
            valign : 'middle'


<Year06>:
    name: 'year06'
    BoxLayout:
        orientation:'vertical'
        Label:
            id:sfayear06
            text: "blah blah blas"
            font_size: 20

        BoxLayout:
            orientation:'horizontal'
        BoxLayout:
            orientation:'horizontal'
            size_hint_x :1
            size_hint_y :0.4
            Button:
                text:'go to year05'
                on_press:
                    root.manager.current = 'year05'
                    root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'
            Button:
                text:'go to main'
                on_press:
                    root.manager.current = 'main'
                    root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'