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使用Java中的2d數組打印帶有對角線的矩形

[英]Print a rectangle with diagonals using a 2d array in Java

我一直在嘗試修改打印到控制台的普通矩形2d數組,以顯示其對角線以及其他字符。 例如,我當前具有2d數組的矩形的代碼是:

import java.util.Scanner;

class RecArray {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.print("Height: ");
    int height = scanner.nextInt();
    System.out.print("Width: ");
    int width = scanner.nextInt();


    char[][] square = new char[height][width];

    String line;

    // fill the array
    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
        square[i][j] = 'o';
      }
    }

    // print the array
    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
      line = "";
      for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
        line += square[i][j];
      }
      System.out.println(line);
    }
  }
}

它返回:

Height: 10
Width: 10
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo
oooooooooo

我希望對角線代碼返回:

Height: 5
Width: 7
xooooox
oxoooxo
ooxxxoo
oxoooxo
xooooox

我當前的代碼是:

 import java.util.Scanner;

    class RecArrayDiag {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Height: ");
        int height = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.print("Width: ");
        int width = scanner.nextInt();

        char[][] square = new char[height][width];
        boolean bool1 = true;
        boolean bool2 = true;
        boolean bool3 = true;
        boolean bool4 = true;
        String line;
        int x = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
            for (int j = width-1; j >= 0; j--) {
                if (i % 2 == 0 ? ((i == height/2)) : ((i == height-1/2))) {
                    bool1 = false;
                }
                if (j % 2 == 0 ? ((j == width/2)) : ((j == width-1/2))) {
                    bool2 = false;
                }

                if ((((i == j) && bool1 && bool2) || (i == (height - (j+1))) || (j == (width - (i+1))) || ((j == width-1) && bool3) || ((i == height-1) && bool4) || (j == width-1) && (i == height-1))) {
                    square[i][j] = 'x';
                    //x++;
                } else {
                    square[i][j] = 'o';
                }
                if ((j == width-1)) {
                    bool3 = false;
                }
                if ((i == height-1)) {
                    bool4 = false;
                }
            }
            x++;
        }

        // print the array
        for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
            line = "";
            for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
                line += square[i][j];
            }
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}

並返回:

Height: 5
Width: 7
xoooxox
oxoxoxo
ooxoxoo
oxoxooo
xoxooox

請幫助我解決這個問題,並在此先感謝。

這是一種實現方法,可重用的方法將應用於矩形的各種操作分開。

public static void printRectangleWithDiagonals(int width, int height) {
    char[][] rectangle = new char[height][width];
    fill(rectangle, 'o');
    drawDiagonals(rectangle, 'x');
    print(rectangle);
}
private static void fill(char[][] rectangle, char ch) {
    for (char[] line : rectangle)
        for (int i = 0; i < line.length; i++)
            line[i] = ch;
}
private static void drawDiagonals(char[][] rectangle, char ch) {
    int bottom = rectangle.length - 1, right = rectangle[0].length - 1;
    if (right > bottom) {
        for (int x = 0; x <= right; x++) {
            int y = (x * bottom + right / 2) / right;
            rectangle[y][x] = ch;
            rectangle[bottom - y][x] = ch;
        }
    } else {
        for (int y = 0; y <= bottom; y++) {
            int x = (y * right + bottom / 2) / bottom;
            rectangle[y][x] = ch;
            rectangle[y][right - x] = ch;
        }
    }
}
private static void print(char[][] rectangle) {
    for (char[] line : rectangle)
        System.out.println(line);
}

測試

printRectangleWithDiagonals(7, 7);
System.out.println();
printRectangleWithDiagonals(10, 4);
System.out.println();
printRectangleWithDiagonals(5, 9);

產量

xooooox
oxoooxo
ooxoxoo
oooxooo
ooxoxoo
oxoooxo
xooooox

xxooooooxx
ooxxxxxxoo
ooxxxxxxoo
xxooooooxx

xooox
oxoxo
oxoxo
ooxoo
ooxoo
oxoxo
oxoxo
xooox
xooox

據我了解,您想展示某種十字架。 您要處理矩陣不是正方形的情況。

這意味着您可以直接從所有角度到達中心點,如果一個軸到達數組的中間,則首先停止計數器並繼續第二個參數。

像這樣的東西(只是偽代碼):

//create square with "o" everywhere then overwrite
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
while(i < height/2 || j < width/2){

    //go from all corners towards the middle
    if (i == j){
       square[i][j] = "x";
       square[i][width - j+1] = "x";
       square[height - i+1][j] = "x";
       square[height - i+1][width - j+1] = "x";
    } else if (i < height/2) { //i is in middle of array
       square[i][j] = "x";
       square[i][width - j+1] = "x";
    } else { //j is is in middle of array
       square[i][j] = "x";
       square[height - i+1][j] = "x";
    }

    //as long i and j did not reach the center add 1
    if (i < width/2) { i++ }
    if (j < height/2) { j++ }
}

希望這個對你有幫助。 通常,我建議將您的問題分解為不同的部分。

我可以在您的解決方案中看到邏輯,但請嘗試使其保持簡單。 查找只要條件為真的規則。 (在這種情況下:只要您不在任何數組中間),然后嘗試為不正確的情況找到解決方案。 (例如,如果我到達數組的中間但j沒有,會發生什么)

這樣,您可以拆分代碼,使其更易於閱讀/維護。

在大多數情況下,如果您有大量的if else語句,則很有可能將它們重寫為較小的部分。

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