Serilog：如何進一步增強 appsettings.json 中的過濾器表達式？

Question

我有兩個帶有 Serilog 的記錄器，它們保存到不同的文件中。 我想通過 appsettings.json 而不是代碼創建記錄器。

當我通過Startup.cs配置創建我的記錄器時，我會得到一個更具體的日志，我更喜歡這樣，因為它更清晰，並且允許其他人檢查日志並了解正在發生的事情而無需太多技術知識。 但是，我想將其應用於 appsettings，以便我可以將代碼遷移到我可能使用的任何其他項目。 僅供參考：我不想覆蓋日志級別。

例如，我使用代碼創建記錄器，如下所示：

Log.Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
    .WriteTo.ColoredConsole()
    .WriteTo.Logger(lc => lc
    .Filter.ByExcluding(Matching.FromSource("Microsoft"))
    .WriteTo.File("Serilogs/Program_log_.txt", rollingInterval: RollingInterval.Day)
    .MinimumLevel.Information()
    .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft", LogEventLevel.Information))

    .WriteTo.Logger(lc => lc
    .Filter.ByIncludingOnly(Matching.FromSource("Microsoft"))
    .WriteTo.File("Serilogs/ServerTrace_log_.txt", rollingInterval: RollingInterval.Day)
    .MinimumLevel.Information()
    .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft", LogEventLevel.Information))

    .CreateLogger();

這會生成我喜歡的兩個單獨的輸出格式： File 1 ：可讀的自定義日志：

2019-01-18 11:18:09.873 +00:00 [INF] //Some custom log information
2019-01-18 11:18:09.875 +00:00 [INF] //Some more custom log information

File 2 ：堆棧跟蹤，服務器信息：

2019-01-18 11:17:56.378 +00:00 [INF] User profile is available. Using '//A path' as key repository and Windows DPAPI to encrypt keys at rest.
2019-01-18 11:17:57.840 +00:00 [INF] Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET https://localhost:5001/swagger/index.html  
2019-01-18 11:17:58.074 +00:00 [INF] Request finished in 235.5796ms 200 text/html
2019-01-18 11:17:58.326 +00:00 [INF] Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET https://localhost:5001/swagger/v1/swagger.json  
2019-01-18 11:17:58.452 +00:00 [INF] Request finished in 126.2127ms 200 application/json;charset=utf-8 

當我使用 JSON appsettings 來做它時，它看起來像這樣：

 "Serilog": {
    "Using": [
      "Serilog.Sinks.File",
      "Serilog.Filters.Expressions",
      "Serilog.Settings.Configuration"
    ],
    "WriteTo": [
      {
        "Name": "Logger",
        "Args": {
          "configureLogger": {
            "Filter": [
              {
                "Name": "ByIncluding",
                "Args": {
                  "expression": "SourceContext = 'Microsoft'"
                }
              }
            ],
            "WriteTo": [
              {
                "Name": "File",
                "Args": {
                  "path": "./Serilogs/server_logs_.log",
                  "rollingInterval": "Day"
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "Name": "Logger",
        "Args": {
          "configureLogger": {
            "Filter": [
              {
                "Name": "ByExcluding",
                "Args": {
                  "expression": "SourceContext = 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost'"
                }
              }
            ],
            "WriteTo": [
              {
                "Name": "File",
                "Args": {
                  "path": "./Serilogs/program_logs_.log",
                  "rollingInterval": "Day"
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }

這會生成兩個文件。 File 1 ：可讀的自定義日志：

2019-01-18 11:22:52.903 +00:00 [INF] User profile is available. Using '// A path' as key repository and Windows DPAPI to encrypt keys at rest.
2019-01-18 11:22:59.229 +00:00 [INF] Route matched with {action = "PollForStatusUpdate", controller = "StatusMessage"}. Executing action {apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname})
2019-01-18 11:22:59.505 +00:00 [INF] Executing action method {apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}) with arguments (["{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.MessageResult"]) - Validation state: "Valid"
2019-01-18 11:22:59.632 +00:00 [INF] //Some custom log information
2019-01-18 11:22:59.639 +00:00 [INF] //Some more custom log information
{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}), returned result Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.OkObjectResult in 516.8129ms.
2019-01-18 11:23:00.040 +00:00 [INF] Executing ObjectResult, writing value of type '{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.MessageResult'.
2019-01-18 11:23:00.048 +00:00 [INF] Executed action {apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}) in 813.08940000000007ms

File 2 ：堆棧跟蹤，服務器信息：

2019-01-18 11:22:52.903 +00:00 [INF] User profile is available. Using 'C:\Users\msharp\AppData\Local\ASP.NET\DataProtection-Keys' as key repository and Windows DPAPI to encrypt keys at rest.
2019-01-18 11:22:54.263 +00:00 [INF] Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET https://localhost:5001/swagger/index.html  
2019-01-18 11:22:54.473 +00:00 [INF] Request finished in 211.831ms 200 text/html
2019-01-18 11:22:54.737 +00:00 [INF] Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET https://localhost:5001/swagger/v1/swagger.json  
2019-01-18 11:22:54.838 +00:00 [INF] Request finished in 100.8892ms 200 application/json;charset=utf-8
2019-01-18 11:22:59.205 +00:00 [INF] Request starting HTTP/1.1 POST https://localhost:5001/api/StatusMessage/PollForStatusUpdate application/json-patch+json 180
2019-01-18 11:22:59.229 +00:00 [INF] Route matched with {action = "PollForStatusUpdate", controller = "StatusMessage"}. Executing action PureValuationsApi.Controllers.StatusMessageController.PollForStatusUpdate (PureValuationsApi)
2019-01-18 11:22:59.505 +00:00 [INF] Executing action method {apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}) with arguments (["{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.MessageResult"]) - Validation state: "Valid"
2019-01-18 11:22:59.632 +00:00 [INF] //Some custom lof information
2019-01-18 11:22:59.639 +00:00 [INF] //Some more custom log information
{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}), returned result Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.OkObjectResult in 516.8129ms.
2019-01-18 11:23:00.040 +00:00 [INF] Executing ObjectResult, writing value of type '{apiname}.{controller}.{method}.MessageResult'.
2019-01-18 11:23:00.048 +00:00 [INF] Executed action {apiname}.{controller}.{method}.PollForStatusUpdate ({apiname}) in 813.08940000000007ms
2019-01-18 11:23:00.052 +00:00 [INF] Request finished in 847.5964ms 200 application/json; charset=utf-8

因此，通過應用感覺相同的技術，結果的結果是不同的，因為File 1現在包含更多的操作信息， File 2包含堆棧和自定義日志信息，盡管我希望它們完全分開。

Answer 1

我認為您的過濾器不太正確。

過濾器表達式應該是：

"expression": "SourceContext = 'Microsoft' or StartsWith(SourceContext, 'Microsoft.')"

（我想你可以在沒有最后一個點的情況下執行StartsWith(SourceContext, 'Microsoft') ，但是對於像MicrosoftOrIsItReally.MyNamespace這樣的命名空間，這可能無法正常運行）

（內部Matching.ForSource執行SourceContext.StartsWith(..)類型的過濾，如源代碼所示）

要確認這一點，您可能需要編輯文件接收器的outputTemplate以顯示SourceContext屬性並查看日志事件的來源。 （默認為"{Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u3}] {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}" ）。 您可以將其更改為"{Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u3}]<{SourceContext}> {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}"以包含SourceContext屬性。

---

順便說一下，您有一個額外的、不需要的"Using"指令。 "Serilog.Settings.Configuration"不是必需的