[英]How find ip in a line and replace it with bash script?
我有一個這樣的文件
www IN A 192.168.10.1
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
我想寫一個bash腳本,得到這樣的3個輸入
./script.sh network.com www 192.168.10.10
和腳本是
project=$1
server=$2
ip=$3
h=$(awk -F "$server IN A" '{print $2}' /home/forward.$project)
sed -i "s/$h/$ip/"
我想找到以第二個輸入開頭的行,並用第三個輸入替換(ip),但是我的腳本不起作用。
您可以選擇sed中的行並進行regexp替換。
project=$1
server=${2//./\\.} # escape '.' to avoid problems with sed if $server contains some
ip=$3
sed -E "/^$server /s/[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/$ip/" "$1"
使用awk:
$ echo network.com www 192.168.10.10 |
awk '
NR==FNR {
a=$2 # store hostname
b=$3 # and ip
next # .
}
$1==a { # if hostname matches
sub(/[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$/,b) # replace ip looking string
}1' - a_file # output
輸出:
www IN A 192.168.10.10
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
編輯 :
一個在末尾添加不匹配記錄的版本:
$ echo network.com www2 192.168.10.10 |
awk '
NR==FNR {
a=$2 # store hostname
b=$3 # and ip
next # not needed for this input but good practise
}
FNR==1 { t=$0 } # store a template record for later use
$1==a { # if hostname matches
sub(/[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$/,b) # replace ip looking string
f=1 # flag up when there was replace
}
1; # output
END { # in the end
if(!f) { # if there was no replace
sub(/^[^ \t]+/,a,t) # replace the template
sub(/[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$/,b,t)
print t # and output it
}
}' - a_file
輸出:
www IN A 192.168.10.1
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
www2 IN A 192.168.10.10
$ cat script.sh
#!/bin/env bash
project=$1
server=$2
ip=$3
file="file" # change to "/home/forward.$project"
awk -v server="$server" -v ip="$ip" '
$1 == server {
sub(/[^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]*$/,"")
$0 = $0 ip
found = 1
}
{ print; lastLine=$0 }
END {
if ( !found ) {
match(lastLine,/^[^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+/)
gsub(/^[^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+|[^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]*$/,"",lastLine)
printf "%-*s %s%s\n", RLENGTH-1, server, lastLine, ip
}
}
' "$file"
。
$ ./script.sh network.com www 192.168.10.10
www IN A 192.168.10.10
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
$ ./script.sh network.com fluffy 192.168.10.10
www IN A 192.168.10.1
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
fluffy IN A 192.168.10.10
$ ./script.sh network.com super_long_server 192.168.10.10
www IN A 192.168.10.1
webmail IN A 192.168.10.2
mail IN A 192.168.10.3
super_long_server IN A 192.168.10.10
上面的代碼可以在任何UNIX盒子上的任何shell中使用任何awk進行移植,並且功能強大(例如,由於部分匹配或regexp字符或定界符(例如/
出現在輸入或參數中)而不會導致錯誤匹配或其他失敗)
要寫回原始文件,如果使用的是GNU awk,則可以在awk腳本的開頭添加-i inplace
,否則可以在末尾添加> tmp && mv tmp "$file"
。
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