無法在Mac OSC High Sierra上安裝Python GDAL

Question

完全卡在這一個上。

嘗試在具有PostGIS的Python 3.6.3 virtualenv中運行Django（django == 1.11.9）。 HighSierra 10.13.6。

最初，我是通過自制軟件安裝gdal2的。 brew安裝GDAL 2.4.0

當我運行make時：

CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal \
        C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal \
        pip install GDAL==$(gdal-config --version | cut -f-2 -d'.')
Collecting GDAL==2.2
Installing collected packages: GDAL
  Found existing installation: GDAL 2.4.0
    Uninstalling GDAL-2.4.0:
      Successfully uninstalled GDAL-2.4.0
Successfully installed GDAL-2.2.0
python manage.py migrate
...
File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .features import DatabaseFeatures
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/features.py", line 1, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.base.features import BaseSpatialFeatures
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.models import aggregates
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.models.aggregates import *  # NOQA
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/aggregates.py", line 1, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.models.fields import ExtentField
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py", line 3, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis import forms, gdal
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .fields import (  # NOQA
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/fields.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.geos import GEOSException, GEOSGeometry
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .collections import (  # NOQA
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py", line 11, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py", line 11, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis import gdal
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/datasource.py", line 39, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/driver.py", line 5, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi, raster as rcapi
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/ds.py", line 9, in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION, lgdal
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 49, in <module>
    lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/ctypes/__init__.py", line 348, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: dlopen(libgdal.so, 6): image not found

我嘗試了幾種不同的卸載，安裝和符號鏈接（並禁用了csrutil）。

假設可能是GDAL版本問題，我通過以下網址將brew install版本2.4從2.4降級到了2.3.2： http ： //www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks/

$ gdal-config --version
2.3.2

$ pip3 install gdal==2.3.2

    changing mode of build/bdist.macosx-10.13-x86_64/wheel/GDAL-2.3.2.data/scripts/gdal_auth.py to 755
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    File "/private/var/folders/qw/bp7lqd0914q6xxqq01017h1h0000gn/T/pip-install-rnubsult/gdal/setup.py", line 435, in <module>
      setup(**setup_kwargs)
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
      dist.run_commands()
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 213, in run
      archive_basename = self.get_archive_basename()
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 161, in get_archive_basename
      impl_tag, abi_tag, plat_tag = self.get_tag()
    File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 155, in get_tag
      assert tag == supported_tags[0]
  AssertionError

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for gdal
  Running setup.py clean for gdal
Failed to build gdal
Installing collected packages: gdal
  Found existing installation: GDAL 2.3.0
    Uninstalling GDAL-2.3.0:
      Successfully uninstalled GDAL-2.3.0
  Running setup.py install for gdal ... done
Successfully installed gdal-2.3.2

但仍然錯誤：

...
File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 49, in <module>
    lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
  File "/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/lib/python3.6/ctypes/__init__.py", line 348, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: dlopen(libgdal.so, 6): image not found
make: *** [update] Error 1

 $ sudo find / -name libgdal.so

將返回多個“不允許的操作”，因此似乎是系統權限或安全問題？

有什么建議么？

謝謝

Answer 1

通過直接鏈接到GDAL作為settings.py的本地環境變量來設法解決了這個問題

例如：

GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH='/Users/me/.pyenv/versions/3.6.5/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py'