如何實現支持異步方法的類？

Question

我已經創建了一組類，這些類將負責獲取數據並將其保存到源中。 並且我想向這些類添加異步功能，但是我在異步編程方面很弱，我不知道實現它的最佳方法是什么。 我寫了一個我想做的事的例子

如何以最佳方式實現異步方法？

這是主類：

public sealed class SourceManager : IDisposable
{
    public SourceManager(string connectionString)
    {
        ConnectionString = connectionString;

        MainDataSet = new DataSet();
        Elements = new List<SourceElement>();


        // this is for example 
        Elements.Add(new SourceElement(this, "Table1"));
        Elements.Add(new SourceElement(this, "Table2"));
        Elements.Add(new SourceElement(this, "Table3"));
        Elements.Add(new SourceElement(this, "Table4"));
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        MainDataSet?.Dispose();
        Elements?.ForEach(element => element.Dispose());
    }

    public DataSet MainDataSet { get; }

    public string ConnectionString { get; }


    public List<SourceElement> Elements { get; }


    public void LoadElements() 
    {
        Elements.ForEach(element => element.Load());
    }

    public Task LoadElementsAsync()
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }


    public void UpdateAll()
    {
        Elements.ForEach(element => element.Update());
    } 



    public void UpdateAllAsync()
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

這是元素類：

public sealed class SourceElement : IDisposable
{
    private readonly SqlDataAdapter _adapter;

    public SourceElement(SourceManager parentManager, string tableName)
    {
        ParentManager = parentManager;
        TableName = tableName;


        _adapter = new SqlDataAdapter($"SELECT * FROM [{TableName}];", 
  ParentManager.ConnectionString);

        _adapter.FillSchema(ParentManager.MainDataSet, SchemaType.Mapped, 
    TableName);
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        _adapter?.Dispose();
    }

    public string TableName { get; }


    private SourceManager ParentManager { get; }


    public void Load()
    {
        _adapter.Fill(ParentManager.MainDataSet, TableName);
    }


    public Task LoadAsync()
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public void Update()
    {
        _adapter.Update(ParentManager.MainDataSet.Tables[TableName]);
    }



    public Task UpdateAsync()
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

這就是我的使用方式

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
    private SourceManager sourceManager;
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        // here we initialize the sourceManager cuz we need its elements 
   on draw the controls in the form
        sourceManager = new 
     SourceManager("Server=myServerAddress;Database=myDataBase;User 
    Id=myUsername;Password=myPassword;");

    }


    protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnLoad(e);

        // here I want to fill the data tables without interrupting the interface 
        // I need to show a progress 
        sourceManager.LoadElementsAsync();

    }


    public void SaveAll()
    {
        // Here I I want to save the data without interrupting the interface thread
        sourceManager.UpdateAllAsync();
    }

    public void SaveData(string tableName)
    {
        // Here I I want to save the data without interrupting the interface thread
        sourceManager.Elements.Find(element => element.TableName.Equals(tableName))?.UpdateAsync();
    }
}

Answer 1

SqlDataAdapter沒有異步方法。 您將必須自己實施它，我不建議這樣做。

樣品

await Task.Run(() =>_adapter.Fill(ParentManager.MainDataSet, TableName));

但是我將研究使用其他ADO.NET庫的替代解決方案，例如使用異步SqlDataReader 。

樣品

    public async Task SomeAsyncMethod()
    {
        using (var connection = new SqlConnection("YOUR CONNECTION STRING"))
        {
            await connection.OpenAsync();

            using (var command = connection.CreateCommand())
            {
                command.CommandText = "YOUR QUERY";

                var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();

                while (await reader.ReadAsync())
                {
                    // read from reader 
                }
            }
        }
    }

查看.NET Framework 4.5中添加的異步編程功能部分

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/asynchronous-programming

但是我什至都不會理會這些，而只是使用Dapper即可支持異步方法，而無需編寫所有樣板代碼。

https://dapper-tutorial.net/async

Answer 2

像這樣實現方法的異步版本：

public async Task LoadElementsAsync()
{
     await Task.Factory.StartNew(LoadElements);
}