[英]Suppress external command error output from Powershell $error
在我的個人資料中,我通過prompt
功能自定義了提示,以嵌入git分支信息:
function prompt
{
$prefix = ""
if ((test-path ".git") -or (test-path ".gitdir") -or ((git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null) -eq "true")) {
$prefix = "[git:" + (& git symbolic-ref --short HEAD) + "]"
}
write-host "PS $prefix $(get-location) >" -nonewline -foregroundcolor DarkMagenta
return " "
}
但是問題是,當我不在git樹中時,即使我將錯誤重定向到$ null,檢查的git rev-parse
部分也會在$error
插入錯誤。
這意味着$ error會因以下錯誤而受到污染,因為每次提示呈現時都會生成該錯誤:
git : fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
At C:\temp\prompt.ps1:4 char:64
+ ... ".gitdir") -or ((git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null) -eq "t ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (fatal: Not a gi...ectories): .git:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
交互式運行時,我注意到2> $null
確實抑制了控制台的錯誤,但是該錯誤仍顯示在$ error中:
PS C:\temp> $error
PS C:\temp> git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null
PS C:\temp> $error
git : fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
At line:1 char:1
+ git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (fatal: Not a gi...ectories): .git:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
PS C:\temp>
我試過將命令包裝在try {...} catch {}
,還使用了帶有ignore的erroraction的invoke-command
,但都沒有運氣:
PS c:\temp> $error.clear()
PS c:\temp> $error
PS c:\temp> invoke-command -scriptblock { git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null } -erroraction ignore
PS c:\temp> $error
git : fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
At line:1 char:31
+ ... d -scriptblock { git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null } -erro ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (fatal: Not a gi...ectories): .git:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
PS c:\temp> $error.clear()
PS c:\temp> $error
PS c:\temp> try { git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null } catch { }
PS c:\temp> $error
git : fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
At line:1 char:7
+ try { git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2> $null } catch { }
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (fatal: Not a gi...ectories): .git:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
PS c:\temp>
如何抑制此錯誤添加到$error
,使其保持干凈?
不幸的是,從PowerShell Core 6.2.1 / Windows PowerShell v5.1開始,使用2>$null
抑制來自外部程序的stderr輸出意外地仍然通過Powershell的錯誤流(流2
)繞行,因此輸出仍記錄在$Error
。 GitHub問題中描述了此已知問題。
作為一種解決方法,您可以通過cmd /c
(或在Unix上為sh -c
)調用git
,並使其進行重定向:
# Windows
cmd /c 'git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>NUL'
# Linux, macOS
sh -c 'git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null'
如您所述,這將正確傳遞git
的退出代碼,因此您之后可以通過$LASTEXITCODE
確定成功。
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