為什么這個 docker build 嘗試安裝 MySQL-python 失敗？

Question

這是我的 Dockerfile：

FROM python:2.7
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade
#RUN apt-get install -y python-pip python-dev libmysqlclient-dev
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install MySQL-python==1.2.5

當我構建它時，我收到以下錯誤：

Step 4/4 : RUN pip install MySQL-python==1.2.5
 ---> Running in 60be606a8d3e
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Collecting MySQL-python==1.2.5
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: MySQL-python
  Building wheel for MySQL-python (setup.py): started
  Building wheel for MySQL-python (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-oUG6qk --python-tag cp27
       cwd: /tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/
  Complete output (38 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
  running build_ext
  building '_mysql' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
  gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/include/mariadb -I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o
  In file included from _mysql.c:44:
  /usr/include/mariadb/my_config.h:3:2: warning: #warning This file should not be included by clients, include only <mysql.h> [-Wcpp]
   #warning This file should not be included by clients, include only <mysql.h>
    ^~~~~~~
  In file included from _mysql.c:46:
  /usr/include/mariadb/mysql.h:440:3: warning: function declaration isn’t a prototype [-Wstrict-prototypes]
     MYSQL_CLIENT_PLUGIN_HEADER
     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  _mysql.c: In function ‘_mysql_ConnectionObject_ping’:
  _mysql.c:2005:41: error: ‘MYSQL’ {aka ‘struct st_mysql’} has no member named ‘reconnect’
    if ( reconnect != -1 ) self->connection.reconnect = reconnect;
                                           ^
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for MySQL-python
  Running setup.py clean for MySQL-python
Failed to build MySQL-python
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python
  Running setup.py install for MySQL-python: started
    Running setup.py install for MySQL-python: finished with status 'error'
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-Kpgfk8/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/
    Complete output (38 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building '_mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/include/mariadb -I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o
    In file included from _mysql.c:44:
    /usr/include/mariadb/my_config.h:3:2: warning: #warning This file should not be included by clients, include only <mysql.h> [-Wcpp]
     #warning This file should not be included by clients, include only <mysql.h>
      ^~~~~~~
    In file included from _mysql.c:46:
    /usr/include/mariadb/mysql.h:440:3: warning: function declaration isn’t a prototype [-Wstrict-prototypes]
       MYSQL_CLIENT_PLUGIN_HEADER
       ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    _mysql.c: In function ‘_mysql_ConnectionObject_ping’:
    _mysql.c:2005:41: error: ‘MYSQL’ {aka ‘struct st_mysql’} has no member named ‘reconnect’
      if ( reconnect != -1 ) self->connection.reconnect = reconnect;
                                             ^
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-IfSGpv/MySQL-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-Kpgfk8/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.

如果我取消注釋#RUN apt-get install python-pip python-dev libmysqlclient-dev ，我會收到以下錯誤：

Step 3/5 : RUN apt-get install python-pip python-dev libmysqlclient-dev
 ---> Running in 5593492607c7
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Package libmysqlclient-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
  libmariadb-dev-compat libmariadb-dev

E: Package 'libmysqlclient-dev' has no installation candidate

然后用libmariadb-dev-compat libmariadb-dev替換libmysqlclient-dev只是讓我回到我原來的錯誤。

如何將 MySQL-python 1.2.5 版安裝到我的 docker 映像中？

Answer 1

根據DockerHub
https://hub.docker.com/r/mikemanger/python27-mysql/這是您創建自己的圖像文件的方式

FROM python:2.7.13
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y mysql-server --no-install-recommends \
  && apt-get clean \
  && pip install PyMySQL \
  && pip install MySQL-python \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

可能有幫助！

Answer 2

我遇到了同樣的問題，這與正在使用某些 MariaDB 軟件包有關，但它們與本機 MySQL 並不完全相同。

我仍然沒有找到安裝這個包的解決方案，但我找到了滿足我需求的解決方案，我在我的需求文件中將 MySQL-python 換成了 mysql-connector-python。

或者直接安裝在你的 Dockerfile 中；

RUN pip install mysql-connector-python

然后根據 MySQL Doc https://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/connector-python-example-connecting.html建立我的連接