使用JAVA在Windows中為自定義硬件編寫WMI提供程序

Question

我有一個連接到Windows計算機的自定義硬件設備。 我想將此設備的靜態信息和動態數據提供給使用WMI查詢的計算機的其他服務。

通過研究，我發現必須編寫WMI提供程序 。 我當前的軟件應用程序使用JPOS連接硬件。 因此，我必須將WMI連接到Java應用程序。

我已經看到了C＃和c ++示例來完成此任務。 我目前的理解是編寫一個C ++ wmi提供程序，並使用JNI集成到我當前的應用程序中。 我看到了更多示例，其中使用JNA 使用wmi進行查詢 。 但是，我的研究並未為JNA編寫提供程序提供任何有用的信息。

編寫C ++並通過JNI集成是處理這種情況的最佳方法嗎？ 還是有更好的解決方案？

Answer 1

以下是一些有關我目前如何為想要嘗試的人解決此問題的提示。

1.創建一個自定義的wmi類。

Windows wbemtest.exe工具是您的朋友。 該工具可以生成新的wmi類並對其進行編輯，因此可以節省您的生命。 使用管理特權打開后，它可以生成自定義wmi類，添加屬性和修改。

或者，可以編寫一個.mof文件來創建一個自定義類。 .mof文件的示例如下。

#pragma namespace("\\\\.\\Root\\Cimv2")

class MyTestClass
{
    [Key] uint32 KeyProperty = 1;
    string Version = "1.1.1";
};

有關運行此.mof文件的信息，請參見此處 。

2.添加屬性

雖然可以使用webmtester和.mof方法添加屬性，但我發現有一些powershell commandlet非常有用。 Stephane van Gulick 在此處提供了一組功能強大的Powershell Commandlet。

3.以編程方式檢索屬性

下面的示例c ++程序以編程方式檢索屬性。

// PropertyRetrieve.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
// WMI query to list all properties and values of the root/CIMV2:Detagger class.
// This C++ code was generated using the WMI Code Generator, Version 10.0.13.0
// https://www.robvanderwoude.com/wmigen.php
//
// The generated code was derived from sample code provided by Microsoft:
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa390423(v=vs.85).aspx
// The sample code was modified to display multiple properties.
// Most of the original comments from the sample code were left intact.
// Limited testing has been done in Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Express Edition.

#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
using namespace std;

#pragma comment( lib, "wbemuuid.lib" )

HRESULT hr;
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj = NULL;

void DisplayProperty(LPCWSTR propertyname)
{
    VARIANT vtProperty;
    VariantInit(&vtProperty);
    try
    {
        hr = pclsObj->Get(propertyname, 0, &vtProperty, 0, 0);
        if (vtProperty.vt == VT_DISPATCH)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.pdispVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_BSTR)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.bstrVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_UI1)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.uiVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_EMPTY)
        {
            wcout << L"[NULL]";
        }
    }
    catch (...)
    {
        wcout.clear();
        wcout << resetiosflags(std::ios::showbase);
    }
    VariantClear(&vtProperty);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    HRESULT hres;

    // Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
    // Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------

    hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        return 1; // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
    // Set general COM security levels --------------------------

    hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
        NULL,
        -1,                          // COM authentication
        NULL,                        // Authentication services
        NULL,                        // Reserved
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,   // Default authentication
        RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
        NULL,                        // Authentication info
        EOAC_NONE,                   // Additional capabilities
        NULL                         // Reserved
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                    // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
    // Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------

    IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;

    hres = CoCreateInstance(
        CLSID_WbemLocator,
        0,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                 // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 4: -----------------------------------------------------
    // Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method

    IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;

    // Connect to the root\CIMV2 namespace with
    // the current user and obtain pointer pSvc
    // to make IWbemServices calls.
    hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
        _bstr_t(L"root\\CIMV2"), // Object path of WMI namespace
        NULL,                      // User name. NULL = current user
        NULL,                      // User password. NULL = current
        0,                         // Locale. NULL indicates current
        NULL,                      // Security flags.
        0,                         // Authority (for example, Kerberos)
        0,                         // Context object
        &pSvc                      // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                // Program has failed.
    }

    cerr << "Connected to root\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
    // Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
    // Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------

    hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
        pSvc,                        // Indicates the proxy to set
        RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,           // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
        RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,            // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
        NULL,                        // Server principal name
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,      // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
        RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
        NULL,                        // client identity
        EOAC_NONE                    // proxy capabilities
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;               // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 6: --------------------------------------------------
    // Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ----

    IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
    hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
        bstr_t("WQL"),
        bstr_t("SELECT Name,TestValue,Version FROM Detagger"),
        NULL,
        NULL,
        &pEnumerator
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Query of Detagger class failed. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;               // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 7: -------------------------------------------------
    // Get the data from the query in step 6 -------------------

    ULONG uReturn = 0;

    while (pEnumerator)
    {
        hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
        if (hr != 0)
        {
            break;
        }
        wcout << "Name      : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"Name");
        wcout << endl;
        wcout << "TestValue : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"TestValue");
        wcout << endl;
        wcout << "Version   : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"Version");
        wcout << endl;
        pclsObj->Release();
    }

    // Cleanup
    // =======

    pSvc->Release();
    pLoc->Release();
    pEnumerator->Release();
    CoUninitialize();

    cout << "Press anykey to exit.";
    cin.ignore();
    cin.get();

    return 0;   // Program successfully completed.
}

4.以編程方式修改屬性

下面是通過編程方式修改屬性的示例c ++代碼。 此選項將需要管理特權。

    _variant_t  var2(L"15");


    IWbemClassObject *detaggerClass = NULL;
    HRESULT dflkj = pSvc->GetObjectW(L"Detagger", 0, NULL, &detaggerClass, NULL);
    IWbemClassObject *detaggerInstance = NULL;
    dflkj = detaggerClass->SpawnInstance(0, &detaggerInstance);

    detaggerInstance->Put(L"TestValue", 0, &var2, CIM_UINT8)
        || Fail("Put failed for 'TestValue'");

    HRESULT er = pSvc->PutInstance(detaggerInstance, WBEM_FLAG_CREATE_OR_UPDATE, NULL, NULL);

在這里，我修改了稱為“ TestValue”的無符號int 8變量的值

5.下一步

我要使用的下一個選項是通過JNA將c ++應用程序連接到主要Java應用程序。