如何在C#中遞歸列出目錄中的所有文件？

Question

如何在C#中遞歸列出目錄和子目錄中的所有文件？

Answer 1

請注意，在 .NET 4.0 中，（據說）內置了基於迭代器（而不是基於數組）的文件函數：

foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
    Console.WriteLine(file);
}

目前我會使用類似下面的東西； 如果您無權訪問單個子目錄，則內置遞歸方法很容易中斷……； Queue<string>使用避免了太多的調用堆棧遞歸，迭代器塊避免了我們擁有一個巨大的數組。

static void Main() {
    foreach (string file in GetFiles(SOME_PATH)) {
        Console.WriteLine(file);
    }
}

static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path) {
    Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
    queue.Enqueue(path);
    while (queue.Count > 0) {
        path = queue.Dequeue();
        try {
            foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(path)) {
                queue.Enqueue(subDir);
            }
        }
        catch(Exception ex) {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
        }
        string[] files = null;
        try {
            files = Directory.GetFiles(path);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
        }
        if (files != null) {
            for(int i = 0 ; i < files.Length ; i++) {
                yield return files[i];
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

這篇文章涵蓋了你需要的一切。 除了搜索文件和比較名稱之外，只需打印名稱即可。

可以這樣修改：

static void DirSearch(string sDir)
{
    try
    {
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
        {
            foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(d))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(f);
            }
            DirSearch(d);
        }
    }
    catch (System.Exception excpt)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
    }
}

由 barlop 添加

GONeale 提到上面沒有列出當前目錄中的文件，並建議將文件列表部分放在獲取目錄的部分之外。 以下將做到這一點。 它還包括您可以取消注釋的 Writeline 行，它有助於跟蹤您在遞歸中的位置，這可能有助於顯示調用以幫助顯示遞歸如何工作。

            DirSearch_ex3("c:\\aaa");
            static void DirSearch_ex3(string sDir)
            {
                //Console.WriteLine("DirSearch..(" + sDir + ")");
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(sDir);

                    foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(sDir))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(f);
                    }

                    foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
                    {
                        DirSearch_ex3(d);
                    }
                }
                catch (System.Exception excpt)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
                }
            }

Answer 3

Directory.GetFiles("C:\\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)

Answer 4

最短記錄

string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(@"your_path", "*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

Answer 5

至少在 .NET 4.5 中，這個版本更短，並且具有評估包含在列表中的任何文件標准的額外好處：

public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles(string path, 
                                              Func<FileInfo, bool> checkFile = null)
{
    string mask = Path.GetFileName(path);
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(mask)) mask = "*.*";
    path = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
    string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(path, mask, SearchOption.AllDirectories);

    foreach (string file in files)
    {
        if (checkFile == null || checkFile(new FileInfo(file)))
            yield return file;
    }
}

像這樣使用：

var list = GetAllFiles(mask, (info) => Path.GetExtension(info.Name) == ".html").ToList();

Answer 6

IEnumerable<string> GetFilesFromDir(string dir) =>
 Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir).Concat(
 Directory.EnumerateDirectories(dir)
          .SelectMany(subdir => GetFilesFromDir(subdir)));

Answer 7

一些很好的答案，但這些答案並沒有解決我的問題。

一旦出現文件夾權限問題：“權限被拒絕”，代碼就會失敗。 這是我用來解決“權限被拒絕”問題的方法：

private int counter = 0;

    private string[] MyDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories("C:\\");

    private void ScanButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Thread MonitorSpeech = new Thread(() => ScanFiles());
        MonitorSpeech.Start();
    }

    private void ScanFiles()
    {
        string CurrentDirectory = string.Empty;

        while (counter < MyDirectories.Length)
        {
            try
            {
                GetDirectories();
                CurrentDirectory = MyDirectories[counter++];
            }
            catch
            {
                if (!this.IsDisposed)
                {
                    listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + CurrentDirectory); });
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void GetDirectories()
    {
        foreach (string directory in MyDirectories)
        {
            GetFiles(directory);
        }
    }

    private void GetFiles(string directory)
    {
        try
        {
            foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory, "*"))
            {
                listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add(file); });
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + directory); });
        }
    }

希望這對其他人有幫助。

Answer 8

在 Framework 2.0 中，您可以使用（它列出了根文件夾的文件，最好是最流行的答案）：

static void DirSearch(string dir)
{
    try
    {
        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dir))
            Console.WriteLine(f);
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dir))
        {
            Console.WriteLine(d);
            DirSearch(d);
        }

    }
    catch (System.Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }
}

Answer 9

一個簡單而干凈的解決方案

/// <summary>
/// Scans a folder and all of its subfolders recursively, and updates the List of files
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFullPath">Full path of the folder</param>
/// <param name="files">The list, where the output is expected</param>
internal static void EnumerateFiles(string sFullPath, List<FileInfo> fileInfoList)
{
    try
    {
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(sFullPath);
        FileInfo[] files = di.GetFiles();

        foreach (FileInfo file in files)
            fileInfoList.Add(file);

        //Scan recursively
        DirectoryInfo[] dirs = di.GetDirectories();
        if (dirs == null || dirs.Length < 1)
            return;
        foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
            EnumerateFiles(dir.FullName, fileInfoList);

    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Logger.Write("Exception in Helper.EnumerateFiles", ex);
    }
}

Answer 10

我更喜歡使用 DirectoryInfo，因為我可以獲得 FileInfo，而不僅僅是字符串。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Select(x => x)
            .ToList();

我這樣做是為了將來我需要過濾……基於 FileInfo 的屬性。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Where(x => x.LastWriteTimeUtc < DateTimeOffset.Now)
            .Select(x => x)
            .ToList();

如果需要，我也可以求助於字符串。 （並且對於過濾器/ where-clause 的東西仍然是未來的證明。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<string> matchingFileNames = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Select(x => x.FullName)
            .ToList();

請注意，如果您想按擴展名進行過濾，則“ . ”是一個有效的搜索模式。

Answer 11

private void GetFiles(DirectoryInfo dir, ref List<FileInfo> files)
{
    try
    {
        files.AddRange(dir.GetFiles());
        DirectoryInfo[] dirs = dir.GetDirectories();
        foreach (var d in dirs)
        {
            GetFiles(d, ref files);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {

    }
}

Answer 12

為了避免UnauthorizedAccessException ，我使用：

var files = GetFiles(@"C:\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
foreach (var file in files)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"{file}");
}

public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, string searchPattern, SearchOption searchOption)
{
    var foldersToProcess = new List<string>()
    {
        path
    };

    while (foldersToProcess.Count > 0)
    {
        string folder = foldersToProcess[0];
        foldersToProcess.RemoveAt(0);

        if (searchOption.HasFlag(SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        {
            //get subfolders
            try
            {
                var subfolders = Directory.GetDirectories(folder);
                foldersToProcess.AddRange(subfolders);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //log if you're interested
            }
        }

        //get files
        var files = new List<string>();
        try
        {
            files = Directory.GetFiles(folder, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly).ToList();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            //log if you're interested
        }

        foreach (var file in files)
        {
            yield return file;
        }
    }
}

Answer 13

如果您只需要文件名並且因為我並不真正喜歡這里的大多數解決方案（功能方面或可讀性方面），那么這個懶惰的解決方案怎么樣？

private void Foo()
{
  var files = GetAllFiles("pathToADirectory");
  foreach (string file in files)
  {
      // Use can use Path.GetFileName() or similar to extract just the filename if needed
      // You can break early and it won't still browse your whole disk since it's a lazy one
  }
}

/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">The specified path is invalid (for example, it is on an unmapped drive).</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">The caller does not have the required permission.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException"><paramref name="path" /> is a file name.-or-A network error has occurred.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. For example, on Windows-based platforms, paths must be less than 248 characters and file names must be less than 260 characters.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="path" /> is null.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException"><paramref name="path" /> is a zero-length string, contains only white space, or contains one or more invalid characters as defined by <see cref="F:System.IO.Path.InvalidPathChars" />.</exception>
[NotNull]
public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles([NotNull] string directory)
{
  foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
  {
    yield return file; // includes the path
  }

  foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
  {
    foreach (string subFile in GetAllFiles(subDir))
    {
      yield return subFile;
    }
  }
}

Answer 14

一些具有最大 lvl 的改進版本可以在目錄中下降並選擇排除文件夾：

using System;
using System.IO;

class MainClass {
  public static void Main (string[] args) {

    var dir = @"C:\directory\to\print";
    PrintDirectoryTree(dir, 2, new string[] {"folder3"});
  }


  public static void PrintDirectoryTree(string directory, int lvl, string[] excludedFolders = null, string lvlSeperator = "")
  {
    excludedFolders = excludedFolders ?? new string[0];

    foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator+Path.GetFileName(f));
    } 

    foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator + "-" + Path.GetFileName(d));

        if(lvl > 0 && Array.IndexOf(excludedFolders, Path.GetFileName(d)) < 0)
        {
          PrintDirectoryTree(d, lvl-1, excludedFolders, lvlSeperator+"  ");
        }
    }
  }
}

輸入目錄：

-folder1
  file1.txt
  -folder2
    file2.txt
    -folder5
      file6.txt
  -folder3
    file3.txt
  -folder4
    file4.txt
    file5.txt

函數的輸出（由於 lvl 限制，folder5 的內容被排除，folder3 的內容被排除，因為它在 excludeFolders 數組中）：

-folder1
  file1.txt
  -folder2
    file2.txt
    -folder5
  -folder3
  -folder4
    file4.txt
    file5.txt

Answer 15

這就是我們如何獲取文件作為其子目錄的 FileInfo，

var dir = new DirectoryInfo(rootPath);
FileInfo[] files = dir.GetFiles("*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

Answer 16

這是我的角度，基於 Hernaldo 的，如果您需要查找具有特定模式名稱的文件，例如名稱中某處包含特定字符串的 XML 文件：

// call this like so: GetXMLFiles("Platypus", "C:\\");
public static List<string> GetXMLFiles(string fileType, string dir)
{
    string dirName = dir; 
    var fileNames = new List<String>();
    try
    {
        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
        {
            if ((f.Contains(fileType)) && (f.Contains(".XML")))
            {
                fileNames.Add(f);
            }
        }
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dirName))
        {
            GetXMLFiles(fileType, d);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
    return fileNames;
}

Answer 17

列出要建模的文件和文件夾，自定義實現。
這將創建從您的開始目錄開始的所有文件和文件夾的完整列表。

public class DirOrFileModel
    {
        #region Private Members

        private string _name;
        private string _location;
        private EntryType _entryType;

        #endregion

        #region Bindings

        public string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _name) return;
                _name = value;
            }
        }

        public string Location
        {
            get { return _location; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _location) return;
                _location = value;
            }
        }

        public EntryType EntryType
        {
            get { return _entryType; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _entryType) return;
                _entryType = value;
            }
        }

        public ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel> Entries { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region Constructor

        public DirOrFileModel()
        {
            Entries = new ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel>();
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public enum EntryType
    {
        Directory = 0,
        File = 1
    }

方法：

 static DirOrFileModel DirSearch(DirOrFileModel startDir)
        {
            var currentDir = startDir;
            try
            {
                foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(currentDir.Location))
                {
                    var newDir = new DirOrFileModel
                    {
                        EntryType = EntryType.Directory,
                        Location = d,
                        Name = Path.GetFileName(d)
                    };
                    currentDir.Entries.Add(newDir);

                    DirSearch(newDir);
                }

                foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(currentDir.Location))
                {
                    var newFile = new DirOrFileModel
                    {
                        EntryType = EntryType.File,
                        Location = f,
                        Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(f)
                    };
                    currentDir.Entries.Add(newFile);
                }

            }
            catch (Exception excpt)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
            }
            return startDir;
        }

用法：

var dir = new DirOrFileModel
            {
                Name = "C",
                Location = @"C:\",
                EntryType = EntryType.Directory
            };

            dir = DirSearch(dir);

Answer 18

簡短而簡單的解決方案

string dir = @"D:\PATH";

DateTime from_date = DateTime.Now.Date;
DateTime to_date = DateTime.Now.Date.AddHours(23);
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir, "*.*",SearchOption.AllDirectories).Select(i=>new FileInfo(i))
.Where(file=>file.LastWriteTime >= from_date && file.LastWriteTime <= to_date);
foreach(var fl in files)
    Console.WriteLine(fl.FullName);

Answer 19

這個幫助我獲取目錄和子目錄中的所有文件，可能對某人有幫助。 [靈感來自上述答案]

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            var root = @"G:\logs";
            DirectorySearch(root);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        Console.ReadKey();
    }





public static void DirectorySearch(string root, bool isRootItrated = false)
{
    if (!isRootItrated)
    {
        var rootDirectoryFiles = Directory.GetFiles(root);
        foreach (var file in rootDirectoryFiles)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(file);
        } 
    }

    var subDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories(root);
    if (subDirectories?.Any() == true)
    {
        foreach (var directory in subDirectories)
        {
            var files = Directory.GetFiles(directory);
            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(file);
            }
            DirectorySearch(directory, true);
        }
    }
}

Answer 20

var d = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\logs");
var list = d.GetFiles("*.txt").Select(m => m.Name).ToList();

Answer 21

這是一個版本的 B. Clay Shannon 的代碼，對於 excel 文件不是靜態的：

class ExcelSearcher
{
    private List<string> _fileNames;

    public ExcelSearcher(List<string> filenames)
    {
        _fileNames = filenames;
    }
    public List<string> GetExcelFiles(string dir, List<string> filenames = null)
    {

        string dirName = dir;
        var dirNames = new List<string>();
        if (filenames != null)
        {
            _fileNames.Concat(filenames);
        }
        try
        {
            foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
            {
                if (f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xls") || f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xlsx"))
                {
                    _fileNames.Add(f);
                }
            }
            dirNames = Directory.GetDirectories(dirName).ToList();
            foreach (string d in dirNames)
            {
                GetExcelFiles(d, _fileNames);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            //Bam
        }
        return _fileNames;
    }

Answer 22

一個非常簡單的解決方案，返回一個文件列表。

    public static List<string> AllFilesInFolder(string folder)
    {
        var result = new List<string>();

        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(folder))
        {
            result.Add(f);
        }

        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(folder))
        {
            result.AddRange(AllFilesInFolder(d));
        }

        return result;
    }

Answer 23

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string[] array1 = Directory.GetFiles(@"D:\");
            string[] array2 = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(@"D:\");
            Console.WriteLine("--- Files: ---");
            foreach (string name in array1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(name);
            }
            foreach (string name in array2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(name);
            }
                  Console.ReadLine();
        }