在 C# 中使用基本身份驗證調用 WEB API

Question

我有一個我編寫的工作 WEB API，我向 API 添加了基本身份驗證（用戶名是“testing”，密碼是“123456”）。 但是，當嘗試從我的 Web 表單調用該 API 時，我不斷收到“(401) Unauthorized”消息。 我應該在 Web 代碼中更改什么才能成功調用 API？

 string url = String.Format("http://example.com"); //here I have the correct url for my API
 HttpWebRequest requestObj = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
 requestObj.Method = "Get";
 requestObj.PreAuthenticate = true;
 requestObj.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("testing", "123456");
 HttpWebResponse responseObj = null;
 responseObj = (HttpWebResponse)requestObj.GetResponse();
 string strresult = null;
 using (Stream stream = responseObj.GetResponseStream())
 {
     StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream);
     strresult = sr.ReadToEnd();
     sr.Close();
 }

這是我的 API 在身份驗證方面搜索的內容：

actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter

我應該添加一個標頭而不是 NetworkCredential 還是同樣的事情？

Answer 1

這應該有幫助：

    HttpMessageHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler()
    {
    };
        
    var httpClient = new HttpClient(handler)
    {
         BaseAddress = new Uri(url),
         Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0)
    };
        
    httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("ContentType", "application/json");
        
    //This is the key section you were missing    
    var plainTextBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("testing:123456");
    string val = System.Convert.ToBase64String(plainTextBytes);
    httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + val);
        
    HttpResponseMessage response = httpClient.GetAsync(url).Result;
    string content = string.Empty;
        
    using (StreamReader stream = new StreamReader(response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync().Result, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(_encoding)))
    {
         content = stream.ReadToEnd();
    }

Answer 2

這是我需要的行：

requestObj.Headers["Authorization"] = "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.Default.GetBytes("username:password"));

Answer 3

我剛剛發現使用 .NET Core 3.1 你可以這樣做：

    HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(
        HttpMethod.Post,
        "your-api-url-here");

    request.Headers.Authorization = new BasicAuthenticationHeaderValue(username, password);

Answer 4

我認為您的 API 可能需要添加一個標頭（如果您還沒有這樣做的話）。 看看這篇文章： https : //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_access_authentication#Client_side

但本質上，您的 API 需要添加一個Authorization標頭。 Authorization密鑰將包含單詞Basic后跟一個空格，然后是使用Base64加密的用戶名和密碼。 因此，在您的實例中， testing:123456將使用 base64 作為dGVzdGluZzoxMjM0NTY=進行加密。 所以標題記錄將如下所示：

Authorization: Basic dGVzdGluZzoxMjM0NTY=

Answer 5

(Basic Authentication) 這是調用Authenticated API的另一種解決方案

 class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        BaseClient clientbase = new BaseClient("https://website.com/api/v2/", "username", "password");
        BaseResponse response = new BaseResponse();
        BaseResponse response = clientbase.GetCallV2Async("Candidate").Result;
    }


    public async Task<BaseResponse> GetCallAsync(string endpoint)
    {
        try
        {
            HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(endpoint + "/").ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                baseresponse.ResponseMessage = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                baseresponse.StatusCode = (int)response.StatusCode;
            }
            else
            {
                baseresponse.ResponseMessage = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                baseresponse.StatusCode = (int)response.StatusCode;
            }
            return baseresponse;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            baseresponse.StatusCode = 0;
            baseresponse.ResponseMessage = (ex.Message ?? ex.InnerException.ToString());
        }
        return baseresponse;
    }
}


public class BaseResponse
{
    public int StatusCode { get; set; }
    public string ResponseMessage { get; set; }
}

public class BaseClient
{
    readonly HttpClient client;
    readonly BaseResponse baseresponse;

    public BaseClient(string baseAddress, string username, string password)
    {
        HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler()
        {
            Proxy = new WebProxy("http://127.0.0.1:8888"),
            UseProxy = false,
        };

        client = new HttpClient(handler);
        client.BaseAddress = new Uri(baseAddress);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
        var byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(username + ":" + password);

        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(byteArray));

        baseresponse = new BaseResponse();

    }
}