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C# - 如何從 http 請求中獲取 HTTP 狀態代碼

[英]C# - How to I get the HTTP Status Code from a http request

我有以下代碼,作為 POST 請求按預期工作(給定正確的 URL 等)。 似乎我在讀取狀態代碼時遇到了問題(我收到了成功的 201,根據該數字,我需要繼續處理)。 知道如何獲取狀態代碼嗎?

static async Task CreateConsentAsync(Uri HTTPaddress, ConsentHeaders cconsentHeaders, ConsentBody cconsent)
{
    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

    try
    {
        client.BaseAddress = HTTPaddress;
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("*/*"));
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Connection", "keep-alive");
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("otherHeader", myValue);
        //etc. more headers added, as needed...

        HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, client.BaseAddress);

        request.Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cconsent, Formatting.Indented), System.Text.Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");

        Console.WriteLine("\r\n" + "POST Request:\r\n" + client.DefaultRequestHeaders + "\r\nBody:\r\n" + JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cconsent, Formatting.Indented) + "\r\n");

        await client.SendAsync(request).ContinueWith
        (
            responseTask => 
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Response: {0}", responseTask.Result + "\r\nBody:\r\n" + responseTask.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result);
            }
        );

        Console.ReadLine();
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Error in " + e.TargetSite + "\r\n" + e.Message);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

您的結果中有一個狀態代碼。

responseTask.Result.StatusCode

或者更好

    var response = await client.SendAsync(request);
    var statusCode = response.StatusCode;
  • 如果您已經在一個async函數中,它有助於避免使用ContinueWith ,因為您可以使用(更干凈的) await關鍵字。

  • 如果您await SendAsync調用,您將獲得一個HttpResponseMessage對象,您可以從以下位置獲取狀態代碼:

  • 此外,將您的IDisposable對象包裝在using()塊中( HttpClient除外 - 它應該是static單例或更好,使用IHttpClientFactory )。

  • 不要將HttpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders用於請求特定的標頭,而是使用HttpRequestMessage.Headers

  • Connection: Keep-alive標頭將由HttpClientHandler自動發送給您。
  • 您確定需要在請求中發送Cache-control: no-cache嗎? 如果您使用 HTTPS,那么幾乎可以保證不會有任何代理緩存導致任何問題 - HttpClient也不使用 Windows Internet 緩存。
  • 不要使用Encoding.UTF8因為它添加了前導字節順序標記。 請改用私有UTF8Encoding實例。
  • 對於不在線程敏感上下文(例如 WinForms 和 WPF)中運行的代碼,每次await始終使用.ConfigureAwait(false) )。
private static readonly HttpClient _httpClient = new HttpClient();
private static readonly UTF8Encoding _utf8 = new UTF8Encoding( encoderShouldEmitUTF8Identifier: false, throwOnInvalidBytes: true );

static async Task CreateConsentAsync( Uri uri, ConsentHeaders cconsentHeaders, ConsentBody cconsent )
{
    using( HttpRequestMessage req = new HttpRequestMessage( HttpMethod.Post, uri ) )
    {
        req.Headers.Accept.Add( new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("*/*") );
        req.Headers.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        req.Headers.Add("otherHeader", myValue);
        //etc. more headers added, as needed...

        String jsonObject = JsonConvert.SerializeObject( cconsent, Formatting.Indented );
        request.Content = new StringContent( jsonObject, _utf8, "application/json");

        using( HttpResponseMessage response = await _httpClient.SendAsync( request ).ConfigureAwait(false) )
        {
            Int32 responseHttpStatusCode = (Int32)response.StatusCode;
            Console.WriteLine( "Got response: HTTP status: {0} ({1})", response.StatusCode, responseHttpStatusCode );
        }
    }
}

您可以簡單地檢查響應的 StatusCode 屬性:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/visualstudio/hh159080(v=vs.118)?redirectedfrom=MSDN

static async void dotest(string url)
{
    using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
    {
        HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);

        if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(response.StatusCode.ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            // problems handling here
            Console.WriteLine(
                "Error occurred, the status code is: {0}", 
                response.StatusCode
            );
        }
    }
}

@AthanasiosKataras 對於返回狀態代碼本身是正確的,但如果您還想返回狀態代碼值(即 200、404)。 您可以執行以下操作:

var response = await client.SendAsync(request);
int statusCode = (int)response.StatusCode

以上將為您提供 int 200。

編輯:

您沒有理由不能執行以下操作嗎?

using (HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request))
{
    // code
    int code = (int)response.StatusCode;
}

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