實例化從 xml 序列化的所有類對象

Question

我已將一個 XML 文件反序列化為一個類，該類使我的 soap 請求對象。 當我序列化 C# 類時，大多數類對象不會填充輸出 xml 文件。

例子

GetUserReq.Envelope getUser = new GetUserReq.Envelope();
getUserResponse = new GetUserRes.Envelope();
getUser.Body = new GetUserReq.Body();
getUser.Body.GetUser = new GetUserReq.GetUser();
getUser.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags = new GetUserReq.ReturnedTags();

if (allReturnTags)
{
    getUser.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups = new GetUserReq.AssociatedGroups();
    getUser.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedDevices = new GetUserReq.AssociatedDevices();
    getUser.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups.UserGroup = new GetUserReq.UserGroup() { Name = "", UserRoles = new GetUserReq.UserRoles() };
    getUser.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups.UserGroup.UserRoles = new GetUserReq.UserRoles() { UserRole = "" };
}

對於嵌套在“信封”中的每個項目，我需要創建新對象，否則輸出 xml 文件將被該標記為空。

有什么方法可以進行迭代並制作我需要的東西？

這是一個片段代碼，其中 start Envelope

public class GetUserReq {
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Envelope", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
        public class Envelope
        {
            [XmlElement(ElementName = "Header", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
            public string Header { get; set; }
            [XmlElement(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
            public Body Body { get; set; }
            [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "soapenv", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
            public string Soapenv { get; set; }
            [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "ns", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
            public string Ns { get; set; }
        }

並繼續包含其他類的主體

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    public class Body
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "getUser", Namespace = "http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/9.1")]
        public GetUser GetUser { get; set; }
    }

Answer 1

您只是在定義類，而沒有類的屬性。 見下面的代碼：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            GetUserReq userReq = new GetUserReq();
            userReq.Envelope = new Envelope();
            GetUserResponse userResponse = new GetUserResponse();
            userResponse.Envelope = new Envelope();
            userReq.Body = new Body();
            userReq.Body.GetUser = new GetUser();
            userReq.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags = new ReturnedTags();

            Boolean allReturnTags = true;
            if (allReturnTags)
            {
                userReq.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups = new AssociatedGroups();
                userReq.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedDevices = new AssociatedDevices();
                userReq.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups.UserGroup = new UserGroup() { Name = "", UserRoles = new UserRoles() };
                userReq.Body.GetUser.ReturnedTags.AssociatedGroups.UserGroup.UserRoles = new UserRoles() { UserRole = "" };
            }

            XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
            settings.Indent = true;
            XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(FILENAME, settings);

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(GetUserReq));
            serializer.Serialize(writer, userReq);
        }
    }
    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    public class Body
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "getUser", Namespace = "http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/9.1")]
        public GetUser GetUser { get; set; }
    }
    public class GetUser
    {
        public ReturnedTags ReturnedTags { get; set; }
    }
    public class ReturnedTags
    {
        public AssociatedGroups AssociatedGroups { get; set; }
        public AssociatedDevices AssociatedDevices { get; set; }
    }
    public class GetUserReq
    {
        public Envelope Envelope { get; set; }
        public Body Body { get; set; }

    }
    public class GetUserResponse
    {
        public Envelope Envelope { get; set; }

    }
    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "Envelope", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    public class Envelope
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Header", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
        public string Header { get; set; }
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
        public Body Body { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "soapenv", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
        public string Soapenv { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "ns", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
        public string Ns { get; set; }
    }
    public class AssociatedGroups
    {
        public UserGroup UserGroup { get; set; }
    }
    public class AssociatedDevices
    {
    }
    public class UserGroup
    {
        public UserRoles UserRoles { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }
    public class UserRoles
    {
        public string UserRole { get; set; }
    }
}

Answer 2

您可以使用反射。

public object CascadeInitializer(Type type)     
{
    var newObj = Activator.CreateInstance(type); // create new instance of your target class
    Func<PropertyInfo,bool> query = q
        => q.PropertyType.IsClass &&            // Check if property is a class
           q.CanWrite &&                        // Check if property is not readOnly
           q.PropertyType != typeof(string);    // Check if property is not string

    foreach (var el in type.GetProperties().Where(query))
    {
        // create new instance of el cascade
        var elInstance = CascadeInitializer(el.PropertyType);
        el.SetValue(newObj, elInstance);
    }
    return newObj;
}

// a generic overload to easier usage
public T CascadeInitializer<T>() => (T)CascadeInitializer(typeof(T));

用法

var x =  CascadeInitializer<Envelope>();

---

另外，如果你想控制哪些類應該被自動初始化，你可以在你的類中添加一個空的接口interface IInitializable ，這樣你就可以在Func query檢查IInitializable類型的屬性。

例如

Func<PropertyInfo,bool> query = q
    => q.PropertyType.IsClass &&            // Check if property is a class
       q.CanWrite &&                        // Check if property is not readOnly
       q.PropertyType != typeof(string) &&  // Check if property is not string
       q.PropertyType.GetInterfaces()       // Check what classes should be initialize 
           .Any(i => i.Name == nameof(IInitializable) );

...
public interface IInitializable{}

public class Envelope : IInitializable {
.....

在 dotnetfiddle 上測試： https ://dotnetfiddle.net/Xm8nEX

Answer 3

我做了根據你的例子制作的這段代碼，並根據我的需要進行了修改

    public T AllReturnTags<T>() => (T)AllReturnTags(typeof(T));

    public object AllReturnTags(Type type)
    {
        var newObj = Activator.CreateInstance(type); // create new instance of your target class

        Func<PropertyInfo, bool> query = q
             => q.PropertyType.IsClass &&         
                q.CanWrite;                  

        foreach (var el in type.GetProperties().Where(query))
        {
            // create new instance of el cascade
            if (el.PropertyType == typeof(string))
            {
                el.SetValue(newObj, "", null);
            }
            if (el.PropertyType == typeof(Int32))
            {
                el.SetValue(newObj, 0, null);
            }
            if (el.PropertyType.IsClass && el.PropertyType != typeof(string) && el.PropertyType != typeof(Int32) && el.PropertyType.IsGenericType == true && el.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(List<>))
            {
                var elInstance = AllReturnTags(el.PropertyType);
                Type itemType = typeof(List<>).MakeGenericType(elInstance.GetType());
                IList res = (IList)Activator.CreateInstance(itemType);
                res.Add(elInstance);
                try { el.SetValue(newObj, res, null); } catch {  };
            }
            if (el.PropertyType.IsClass && el.PropertyType != typeof(string) && el.PropertyType != typeof(Int32) && el.PropertyType.IsGenericType != true )
            {
                var elInstance = AllReturnTags(el.PropertyType);
                try { el.SetValue(newObj, elInstance, null); } catch { return elInstance; };
            }

        }
        return newObj;
    }

這似乎適用於單個項目和列表。 謝謝你@AliReza