如何使用 powershell 將 xlsx 文件轉換為 csv 文件？

Question

如何將 xlsx 文件轉換為 csv 文件並使用 Powershell 為每個單元格添加雙引號？

我需要將很多文件從 .xlsx 轉換為 csv。除此之外，每個單元格都必須用雙引號引起來，並且必須添加一個分號分隔符。

我制作了一個 VBA 腳本來執行從 .xlsx 到 .csv 的轉換並添加雙引號，但每個文件需要花費多個小時。

我希望我使用 powershell 會更快。

有人知道如何在 Powershell 中重寫此功能嗎？

非常感謝您的幫助！

我在 VBA 中的做法：

Sub ConvertToCSV()
 Dim DestFile As String
 Dim FileNum As Integer
 Dim ColumnCount As Integer
 Dim RowCount As Long
 Dim StrFile As String


Application.ScreenUpdating = False

StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

Do While Len(StrFile) > 0

        Workbooks.Open ("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

            Range("A1").Select
            Selection.CurrentRegion.Select


            NameWithoutExtension = Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
            DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & NameWithoutExtension
            FileNum = FreeFile()
            Open DestFile For Output As #FileNum


            If Err <> 0 Then
            MsgBox "Cannot open filename " & DestFile
            End
            End If
            On Error GoTo 0



                For RowCount = 1 To Selection.Rows.Count

                       ' Loop for each column in selection.
                          For ColumnCount = 1 To Selection.Columns.Count

                            OldText = Selection.Cells(RowCount, ColumnCount).Text
                            MiddleText = Replace(OldText, "\", "/")
                            NewText = Replace(MiddleText, """", "\""")

                            ' Write current cell's text to file with quotation marks.
                             Print #FileNum, """" & NewText & """";

                             ' Check if cell is in last column.
                             If ColumnCount = Selection.Columns.Count Then
                                ' If so, then write a blank line.
                                Print #FileNum,
                             Else
                                ' Otherwise, write a comma.
                                Print #FileNum, ";";
                             End If
                          ' Start next iteration of ColumnCount loop.
                          Next ColumnCount
                       ' Start next iteration of RowCount loop.
                       Next RowCount

                       ' Close destination file.
                       Close #FileNum


        ActiveWorkbook.Close


    StrFile = Dir

Loop

MsgBox ("Done")
End Sub

Answer 1

真的沒有必要為此使用powershell，你只需要在VBA中使用正確的方法......

代碼未經測試，但認為它應該可以正常工作......

Sub ConvertToCSV()
  Application.ScreenUpdating = False

  Dim StrFile As String
  StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

  Do While Len(StrFile) > 0
    'Open workbook
    Dim wb as workbook
    set wb = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

    'Save workbook to new location
    Dim DestFile As String
    DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
    wb.saveAs destFile, xlFileFormat.xlCSV

    'Ensure no alerts while close
    Application.displayAlerts = false
      wb.close false
    Application.displayAlerts = true

    'Continue loop
    StrFile = Dir
  Loop
  Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

編輯：

抱歉，我沒有看到需要引用字符串的要求。 可以對您的代碼進行一些修補，這將使它運行得更快，關鍵是首先將文件轉換為數組：

我試圖讓您的代碼盡可能接近以前的代碼。 請注意，您當前使用分號分隔文件...

Sub ConvertToCSV()
    Dim DestFile As String
    Dim FileNum As Integer
    Dim ColumnCount As Integer
    Dim RowCount As Long
    Dim StrFile As String


  Application.ScreenUpdating = False

  StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

  Do While Len(StrFile) > 0
    'Open workbook and store in variable
    Dim wb as workbook
    set wb = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

    'Get data as array
    Dim r as range, v as variant
    set r = wb.ActiveSheet.Range("A1").CurrentRegion
    v = r.value2

    'Get dest path
    NameWithoutExtension = Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
    DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & NameWithoutExtension
    FileNum = FreeFile()

    'Try open file
    On Error Resume Next
      Open DestFile For Output As #FileNum

      'If error then end
      If Err <> 0 Then
        MsgBox "Cannot open filename " & DestFile
        End
      End If
    On Error GoTo 0

    'Loop over array
    Dim i as long, j as long
    For i = 1 To ubound(v,1)
      For j = 1 To ubound(v,2)
        OldText = v(i,j)
        MiddleText = Replace(OldText, "\", "/")
        NewText = Replace(MiddleText, """", "\""")

        ' Write current cell's text to file with quotation marks.
        Print #FileNum, """" & NewText & """";

        ' Check if cell is in last column.
        If j = ubound(v,2) Then
          ' If so, then write a blank line.
          Print #FileNum,
        Else
          ' Otherwise, write a comma.
          Print #FileNum, ";";
        End If
      Next j 'Next column
    Next i 'Next row

    ' Close destination file.
    Close #FileNum

    'Close workbook
    wb.Close false

    'Get next file path
    StrFile = Dir    
  Loop

  MsgBox ("Done")
End Sub

注意：如果您的數據集很大，這可能會導致 out of memory 錯誤。 如果是，go 和 powershell。

Import-Excel .\Book1.xlsx | Export-Csv .\book1.csv