有沒有辦法更優雅地編寫 selinium 自動化代碼？

Question

框架：selinium chrom 驅動程序； 主要使用 xpaths 來自動化 UI

我的代碼目前如下所示：

public void Delete_calendar()
        {
            Logger.Info("Deleting calendar with name provided");
            _login.SelectOLC(ws);
            ws.WaitForCheckPoint("Scheduling");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//nav/a/span");
            ws.waitforStatus("//ia-action-menu-item");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//input[@type='text'])[5]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//text()[contains(.,'Default')]/ancestor::li[1]");
            ws.waitforStatus("//button[text()='Assign']");
            Thread.Sleep(10000);
            ws.ClickByXPath("//nav/a/span");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//ia-action-menu-item");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//a[contains(text(),'Calendars')])[2]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//input[@type='text']");
            ws.waitforStatus("//span[text()='Sys_demo']");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//button[@type='button'])[2]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//ia-action-menu-item[contains(text(),'Delete')]");
            // ws.ClickByXPath("(//button[@type='button'])[30]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("/html/body/ia-dialog/ia-dialog-footer/ia-button[2]/button");
            Thread.Sleep(10000);

...所有 ws.Clickby 都是 selinium 調用方法，有沒有辦法可以將所有這些 xpath 或代碼放在外部文件中，然后調用該文件，它的執行方式與上面相同。 基本上我希望我的代碼看起來優雅，不那么笨拙且易於閱讀。
歡迎任何建議。

我的想法是

外部文件' test.txt '

public void Delete_calendar()
        {
            Logger.Info("Deleting calendar with name provided");
            _login.SelectOLC(ws);
            RunSeliniumcodefromExternalfile("test.txt")

        }

        test.txt file contains
        [
        ws.WaitForCheckPoint("Scheduling");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//nav/a/span");
            ws.waitforStatus("//ia-action-menu-item");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//input[@type='text'])[5]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//text()[contains(.,'Default')]/ancestor::li[1]");
            ws.waitforStatus("//button[text()='Assign']");
            Thread.Sleep(10000);
            ws.ClickByXPath("//nav/a/span");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//ia-action-menu-item");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//a[contains(text(),'Calendars')])[2]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//input[@type='text']");
            ws.waitforStatus("//span[text()='Sys_demo']");
            ws.ClickByXPath("(//button[@type='button'])[2]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("//ia-action-menu-item[contains(text(),'Delete')]");
            // ws.ClickByXPath("(//button[@type='button'])[30]");
            ws.ClickByXPath("/html/body/ia-dialog/ia-dialog-footer/ia-button[2]/button");
            Thread.Sleep(10000);
        ]

Answer 1

您可以合並頁面 Object Model 模式。 POM 允許您定義 IWebElements 並在 class 級別用它們的定位器標記它們。 使用此技術，無需為每個操作指定定位器即可對 web 元素執行操作。

下面是一個示例，說明如何使用您為 Delete_Calendar 方法提供的代碼實現此目的。

using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.PageObjects;

namespace POMExample.PageObjects
{
    public class POMExample
    {
        private IWebDriver driver;
        private WebDriverWait wait;

        public POMExample(IWebDriver driver)
        {
            this.driver = driver;
            wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));

            //This line instantiates the Iwebelements marked with the FindsBy attribute.
            PageFactory.InitElements(driver, this);
        }

        //The FindsBy attribute allows you to tag an IWebelement with a locator.
        [FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = "//nav/a/span")]
        private IWebElement elem_1;

        [FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = "(//input[@type='text'])[5]")]
        private IWebElement elem_2;

        public void Delete_calendar()
        {
            //Instead of: ws.ClickByXPath("//nav/a/span");
            elem_1.Click();

            //Instead of: ws.ClickByXPath("(//input[@type='text'])[5]");
            elem_2.Click();

            //and so on...
        }
    }
}

如果您仍然熱衷於使用外部資源來存儲定位器，我會進一步補充說，通常使用屬性文件來存儲定位器是流行但不一定是最佳實踐，請參閱https://seleniumjava.com/2017/03/19/ do-not-store-element-locators-in-property-files/了解更多信息。