如何解決 AspNet Core 中的運行時身份配置問題？

Question

我正在使用.Net Core 3 創建一個應用程序，並使用 AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore 創建用戶角色，但是在編寫播種數據庫的命令后，我遇到了運行時錯誤。

我的 Startup.cs Class

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddDbContext<DataContext>(opt => {
            opt.UseSqlite(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"));
        });
        services.AddCors(opt => {
            opt.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy", policy => {
                policy.AllowAnyHeader().AllowAnyMethod().WithOrigins("http://localhost:3000");
            });
        });
        services.AddControllers();
        services.AddMediatR(typeof(List.Handler).Assembly);
        services.AddMvc(option => option.EnableEndpointRouting = false)
                .AddFluentValidation(cfg => cfg.RegisterValidatorsFromAssemblyContaining<Create>());

        var builder = services.AddIdentityCore<AppUser>().AddEntityFrameworkStores<DbContext>();
        var identityBuilder = new IdentityBuilder(builder.UserType, builder.Services);
        identityBuilder.AddEntityFrameworkStores<DataContext>();
        identityBuilder.AddSignInManager<SignInManager<AppUser>>();
    }

`

我的數據上下文 Class 是

public class DataContext : IdentityDbContext<AppUser>
    {
          public DataContext(DbContextOptions options) : base(options)
          {
          }

          public DbSet<Value> Values { get; set; }
          public DbSet<Activity> Acitivities {get;set;}

          protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
          {
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);

            builder.Entity<Value>()
                 .HasData(
                     new Value {Id = 1, Name = "Biraz1"},
                     new Value {Id = 2, Name = "Biraz2"},
                     new Value {Id = 3, Name = "Biraz3"}
                 );
          }
    }

我的應用用戶 class

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace Domain
{
    public class AppUser : IdentityUser
    {
        public string DisplayName { get; set; }
    }
}

我的 Program.cs class 是

 public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = CreateHostBuilder(args).Build();

            //Create database based on our Migrations
            using (var scope = host.Services.CreateScope())
            {
                var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
                try 
                {
                    var context = services.GetRequiredService<DataContext>();
                    var userManager = services.GetRequiredService<UserManager<AppUser>>();
                    context.Database.Migrate();
                    Seed.SeedData(context, userManager).Wait();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    var logger = services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<Program>>();
                    logger.LogError(ex, "An error occured during migration");
                }
            }
            host.Run();
            
        }

我得到的錯誤：

An error occurred while starting the application.
AggregateException: Some services are not able to be constructed (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)

AggregateException: Some services are not able to be constructed (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceCollectionContainerBuilderExtensions.BuildServiceProvider(IServiceCollection services, ServiceProviderOptions options)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.DefaultServiceProviderFactory.CreateServiceProvider(IServiceCollection containerBuilder)
Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal.ServiceFactoryAdapter<TContainerBuilder>.CreateServiceProvider(object containerBuilder)
Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostBuilder.CreateServiceProvider()
Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostBuilder.Build()
API.Program.Main(string[] args) in Program.cs
+
            var host = CreateHostBuilder(args).Build();

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

Show raw exception details
InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[Domain.AppUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserOnlyStore`3[Domain.AppUser,Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext,System.String]'.
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.ServiceProviderEngine.ValidateService(ServiceDescriptor descriptor)
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable<ServiceDescriptor> serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

我的 AppUser Class 是

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace Domain
{
    public class AppUser : IdentityUser
    {
        public string DisplayName { get; set; }
    }
}

我該如何解決這個問題？

Answer 1

我很確定這是來自我知道的在線課程，問題是由於他使用的是 net core 2.2。 要解決此問題，請在 startup.cs 中添加：

    services.TryAddSingleton<ISystemClock, SystemClock>();

所以你的最終代碼應該是這樣的：

services.TryAddSingleton<ISystemClock, SystemClock>();
var builder = services.AddIdentityCore<AppUser>();
var identityBuilder = new IdentityBuilder(builder.UserType, builder.Services);
identityBuilder.AddEntityFrameworkStores<DataContext>();
identityBuilder.AddSignInManager<SignInManager<AppUser>>();

缺少的錯誤 idk 為什么你隱藏它

嘗試激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity”時無法解析“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.ISystemClock”類型的服務。 blablalbla