“OSError: [WinError 126] 找不到指定的模塊”使用 pvfactors 庫

Question

我按照網站教程1開始使用 Python 中的 pvfactors 工具（用於計算光伏陣列表面的輻照度入射）。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from datetime import datetime
import pandas as pd
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=RuntimeWarning)

# Settings
'exec(%matplotlib inline)'
np.set_printoptions(precision=3, linewidth=300)

#Get timeseries inputs
df_inputs = pd.DataFrame(
    {'solar_zenith': [20., 50.],
     'solar_azimuth': [110., 250.],
     'surface_tilt': [10., 20.],
     'surface_azimuth': [90., 270.],
     'dni': [1000., 900.],
     'dhi': [50., 100.],
     'albedo': [0.2, 0.2]},
    index=[datetime(2017, 8, 31, 11), datetime(2017, 8, 31, 15)]
)

#Prepare some PV array parameters
pvarray_parameters = {
    'n_pvrows': 3,            # number of pv rows
    'pvrow_height': 1,        # height of pvrows (measured at center / torque tube)
    'pvrow_width': 1,         # width of pvrows
    'axis_azimuth': 0.,       # azimuth angle of rotation axis
    'gcr': 0.4,               # ground coverage ratio
}



    from pvfactors.engine import PVEngine
    from pvfactors.geometry import OrderedPVArray
    
    pvarray = OrderedPVArray.init_from_dict(pvarray_parameters)
    
    engine = PVEngine(pvarray)
    
    engine.fit(df_inputs.index, df_inputs.dni, df_inputs.dhi,
               df_inputs.solar_zenith, df_inputs.solar_azimuth,
               df_inputs.surface_tilt, df_inputs.surface_azimuth,
               df_inputs.albedo)

但是，在嘗試導入類時，出現以下錯誤：

OSError: [WinError 126] The specified module could not be found

整個錯誤信息：

File "C:\Users\karen\OneDrive\Documentos\Doutorado\pvfactors\starting_pvfactors.py", line 51, in from pvfactors.engine import PVEngine

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\engine.py", line 5, in from pvfactors.viewfactors import VFCalculator

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\viewfactors_init_.py", line 3, in from pvfactors.viewfactors.calculator import VFCalculator

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\viewfactors\calculator.py", line 4, in from pvfactors.viewfactors.vfmethods import VFTsMethods

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\viewfactors\vfmethods.py", line 4, in from pvfactors.geometry.timeseries import TsLineCoords, TsPointCoords

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\geometry_init_.py", line 3, in from pvfactors.geometry.pvarray import OrderedPVArray

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\geometry\pvarray.py", line 6, in from pvfactors.geometry.base import \

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\geometry\base.py", line 9, in from pvfactors.geometry.utils import \

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pvfactors\geometry\utils.py", line 6, in from shapely.geometry import \

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\shapely\geometry_init_.py", line 4, in from .base import CAP_STYLE, JOIN_STYLE

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\shapely\geometry\base.py", line 19, in from shapely.coords import CoordinateSequence

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\shapely\coords.py", line 8, in from shapely.geos import lgeos

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\shapely\geos.py", line 154, in _lgeos = CDLL(os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'Library', 'bin', 'geos_c.dll'))

File "C:\Users\karen\anaconda3\lib\ctypes_init_.py", line 364, in init self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)

OSError: [WinError 126] The specified module could not be found

有人可以幫我解決這個錯誤嗎？

Answer 1

倒數第二行：

anaconda3\lib\site-packages\shapely\geos.py", line 154, in _lgeos = CDLL(os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'Library', 'bin', 'geos_c.dll'))

表明您的 python 找不到 Shapely 使用的 GEOS 庫。 Shapely 是 pvfactors 的依賴項。 但是，您的 anaconda 環境似乎確實安裝了 Shapely，因此 anaconda 或您的 conda 環境都存在問題。 對此的解決方案幾乎總是創建一個新環境並激活它。 部分問題是 pvfactors 僅在 PyPI 中分發，並且沒有 conda forge 或 anaconda 包，因此您必須手動安裝來自 Anaconda 的要求。 幸運的是Shapely 在 conda forge 上

在 anaconda 提示符下試試這個（在C:\\Users\\karen\\>之后輸入命令）：

(base) C:\Users\karen\> conda create -n myenv
(base) C:\Users\karen\> activate myenv
(myenv) C:\Users\karen\> conda config --env --add channels conda-forge
(myenv) C:\Users\karen\> conda install python pvlib-python shapely matplotlib future six
(myenv) C:\Users\karen\> pip install --no-deps pvfactors
(myenv) C:\Users\karen\> conda install <other stuff like ipython Jupyter spyder etc>

祝你好運。 我建議在 pvfactors 中創建一個問題，並要求他們添加一個 conda forge 包。

PS：見https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/commands/config.html PPS：見https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#install-無依賴