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[英]Role Claims in ASP.NET Core Identity compared to Role Permissions in custom auth
[英]Custom role based auth .NET CORE
我有一個項目,其中用戶可以有多個角色,例如收銀員和存貨員。 這些角色具有相同的權限,但有人也可以擁有 admin 和 cashier 角色。 在這種情況下,他可以訪問比管理員/收銀員更多的功能。
我已經進行了廣泛的搜索,但我沒有從文檔中得到任何更明智的信息,因為我最初認為政策是可行的方法,但現在我認為我們需要基於聲明的授權。
在搜索和玩耍后,我沒有找到以下問題的答案:
如果有人能幫我解決這個問題,我將不勝感激。
干杯。
一種方法是使用 Identity 並使用[Authorize(Roles ="Admin")]
授權用戶。
如果你不想使用腳手架工具,你可以使用 jwt 令牌認證或 cookie 認證。
下面是一個關於如何使用 cookie 身份驗證的簡單演示:
模型:
public class User
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
public List<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
}
public class Role
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string RoleName { get; set; }
public List<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
}
public class UserRole
{
public int UserId { get; set; }
public User User { get; set; }
public int RoleId { get; set; }
public Role Role { get; set; }
}
public class LoginModel
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}
控制器:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private readonly YouDbContext _context;
public HomeController(YouDbContext context)
{
_context = context;
}
public IActionResult Login()
{
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginModel model)
{
var claims = new List<Claim>{};
var user = _context.User
.Include(u=>u.UserRoles)
.ThenInclude(ur=>ur.Role)
.Where(m => m.Name == model.Name).FirstOrDefault();
if(user.Password==model.Password)
{
foreach(var role in user.UserRoles.Select(a=>a.Role.RoleName))
{
var claim = new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, role);
claims.Add(claim);
}
var claimsIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity(
claims, CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
var authProperties = new AuthenticationProperties{};
await HttpContext.SignInAsync(
CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
new ClaimsPrincipal(claimsIdentity),
authProperties);
}
return View("Index");
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
//allow Cashier
[Authorize(Roles = "Cashier")]
public IActionResult Privacy()
{
return View();
}
//allow Admin
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]
public IActionResult AllowAdmin()
{
return View();
}
//allow both of the Admin and Cashier
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin,Cashier")]
public IActionResult AllowBoth()
{
return View();
}
//user has no rights to access the page
public IActionResult AccessDenied()
{
return View();
}
//log out
public async Task<IActionResult> Logout()
{
await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(
CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
}
數據庫上下文:
public class YouDbContext: DbContext
{
public YouDbContext(DbContextOptions<YouDbContext> options)
: base(options)
{
}
public DbSet<User> User { get; set; }
public DbSet<Role> Role { get; set; }
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>()
.HasKey(bc => new { bc.UserId, bc.RoleId });
modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>()
.HasOne(bc => bc.User)
.WithMany(b => b.UserRoles)
.HasForeignKey(bc => bc.UserId);
modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>()
.HasOne(bc => bc.Role)
.WithMany(c => c.UserRoles)
.HasForeignKey(bc => bc.RoleId);
}
}
啟動.cs:
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllersWithViews();
services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
.AddCookie(options =>
{
options.LoginPath = "/Home/Login";
options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Home/AccessDenied";
});
services.AddDbContext<WebApplication1Context>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("WebApplication1Context")));
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
});
}
}
結果:
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