如何修復我為 Arduino 制作的步進電機庫？

Question

我有一個 Arduino Mega，我正在使用 L298N，我的目標是制作一個成功的 Arduino 庫，用步進電機制作音樂。 我知道這種方法以前已經做過，但我正在嘗試自己做。 我不能使用 Moppy 庫，坦率地說，其他的代碼非常復雜。 那么，我的問題是什么？ 我的問題是當我使用我制作的庫（作為測試）時出現此錯誤：

"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\tools\\avr/bin/avr-g++" -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -fpermissive -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -Wno-error=narrowing -MMD -flto -mmcu=atmega2560 -DF_CPU=16000000L -DARDUINO=10813 -DARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560 -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR "-IC:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\cores\\arduino" "-IC:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\variants\\mega" "-IC:\\Users\\austin\\Documents\\Arduino\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary" "C:\\Users\\austin\\Documents\\Arduino\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary\\stepperTestLibrary.cpp" -o "C:\\Users\\austin\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\arduino_build_519425\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary\\stepperTestLibrary.cpp.o"
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:13:1: error: prototype for 'stepperTest::stepperTest(int, int, int, int)' does not match any in class 'stepperTest'
 stepperTest::stepperTest(int SMPin1, int SMPin2, int SMPin3, int SMPin4){
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:11:0:
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:15:7: error: candidates are: constexpr stepperTest::stepperTest(stepperTest&&)
 class stepperTest{
       ^~~~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:15:7: error:                 constexpr stepperTest::stepperTest(const stepperTest&)
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:19:1: error:                 stepperTest::stepperTest(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t)
 stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1, uint8_t SMPin2, uint8_t SMPin3, uint8_t SMPin4);
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:29:6: error: prototype for 'void stepperTest::runStepper(int, int)' does not match any in class 'stepperTest'
 void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency, int duration){
      ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:11:0:
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:21:6: error: candidate is: void stepperTest::runStepper(uint8_t, uint8_t)
 void runStepper(uint8_t frequency, uint8_t duration);
      ^~~~~~~~~~

這也是：

exit status 1
Error compiling for board Arduino Mega or Mega 2560.

我希望該庫能夠順利運行，因為我正在關注其他一些用於步進電機的庫，但我遇到了這些錯誤。 我已經嘗試多次修改代碼，但我遇到了類似的問題，所以我不確定如何解決我自己的問題。 我什至嘗試復制和粘貼一些代碼來使庫正常工作。 沒有什么。 我正在使用 Arduino 步進器、Accelstepper 和其他人制作的雙極步進器庫，但沒有結果。 https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/ambhatt/bipolar-stepper-motor-library-b9d5e0

這是.h文件：

/*
This library is designed for testing purposing only. CC Public Domain
Austin Harris
3/4/2021

This library is designed to run a stepper motor at a certain frequency to
make musical notes and for a certain duration
*/

#ifndef stepperTestLibrary_h
#define stepperTestLibrary_h

#include "Arduino.h"

class stepperTest{

public:

stepperTest(int SMPin1, int SMPin2, int SMPin3, int SMPin4);

void runStepper(int frequency, int duration);

private: 

  int direction;

  int SMPin1, intSMPin2, intSMPin3, intSMPin4;
  
};

#endif

這是.cpp文件：

/*
This library is designed for testing purposing only. CC Public Domain
Austin Harris
3/4/2021

This library is designed to run a stepper motor at a certain frequency to
make musical notes and for a cetain duration
*/

#include "Arduino.h"
#include "stepperTestLibrary.h"

stepperTest::stepperTest(int SMPin1, int SMPin2, int SMPin3, int SMPin4){

pinMode(SMPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin4, OUTPUT);

_SMPin1 = SMPin1;
_SMPin2 = SMPin2;
_SMPin3 = SMPin3;
_SMPin4 = SMPin4;

int direction = 0;      // motor direction

}

void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency, int duration){

int rpmCalculation = abs(1000.0 / frequency);

// determine direction based on whether steps_to_mode is + or -:
  if (frequency > 0) { direction = 1; }
  if (frequency < 0) { direction = 0; }

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, HIGH);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, HIGH);

    delay(duration);

}

這是keywords.txt：

stepperTest KEYWORD1
runStepper  KEYWORD2

這是.ino 的例子：

#include <stepperTestLibrary.h>

stepperTest myStepper(22, 23, 24, 25);


void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

myStepper.runStepper(440, 500);

}

這是接線：

這是接線圖

這是步進器數據表的鏈接：

這是數據表鏈接

-謝謝，

奧斯汀

Answer 1

在 C++ 中閱讀有關類的內容將是一個好的開始。 也許變量名是如何工作的。 以及陰影變量的工作原理。 SMPin2、_SMPin2 和第三種變體是 intSMPin2 之間有很大的不同（其他變體也搞砸了）

無論如何，如果要在構造函數中使用與成員相同的參數名稱，則必須使用構造函數初始化列表。

#ifndef stepperTestLibrary_h
#define stepperTestLibrary_h

#include "Arduino.h"

class stepperTest {
public:
  stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1, uint8_t SMPin2, uint8_t SMPin3, uint8_t SMPin4);

  void runStepper(int frequency, int duration);

private: 
  // just give some space to it:
  uint8_t SMPin1;
  uint8_t SMPin2;
  uint8_t SMPin3;
  uint8_t SMPin4;

  int8_t direction;

  /// or you'll mess it up like this:
  ///  int SMPin1, --->>>>>  intSMPin2, intSMPin3, intSMPin4  <<<<<---;
};

#endif

主要部分：

#include "Arduino.h"
#include "stepperTestLibrary.h"

stepperTest::stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1, uint8_t SMPin2, uint8_t SMPin3, uint8_t SMPin4)
// constructor's initializer list:
: SMPin1{ SMPin1 }
, SMPin2{ SMPin2 }
, SMPin3{ SMPin3 }
, SMPin4{ SMPin4 }
, direction{ 0 }
{
    pinMode(SMPin1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin2, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin3, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin4, OUTPUT);
}

void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency, int duration) {

    // // Never used anywhere:  
    // int rpmCalculation = abs(1000.0 / frequency); 
    // // determine direction based on whether steps_to_mode is + or -:
    // if (frequency > 0) { direction = 1; }
    // if (frequency < 0) { direction = 0; }

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, HIGH);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4, HIGH);

    delay(duration); // what? why???
}