帶有散點圖和 label 的 TypeError

Question

這看起來很簡單，但由於某種原因，我無法讓它工作。 This is in pandas 1.2.3 and matplotlib 3.4.0 running on an anaconda's python 3.8.8 on Windows 10 64-bit, inside a Jupyter notebook locally.

我在下面創建了一個復制。 首先，一個工作版本； 注意注釋掉的 label 行：

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df_test = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000, 4), columns=list("ABCD"))

df_test.plot(kind="scatter", x="A", y="B", 
             alpha=0.4,
             figsize=(10,7),
             #label="la la",
             s=df_test["C"]*100, 
             c="D", 
             cmap=plt.get_cmap("jet"), 
             colorbar=True,
)
plt.legend()

運行上面給出的投訴No handles with labels found to put in legend （如預期的那樣）和一些棄用警告，但顯示一個圖表。 這些點的顏色很好，您甚至可能會看到空的圖例框。

現在，取消注釋 label 行：

df_test.plot(kind="scatter", x="A", y="B", 
             alpha=0.4,
             figsize=(10,7),
             label="la la",
             s=df_test["C"]*100, 
             c="D", 
             cmap=plt.get_cmap("jet"), 
             colorbar=True,
)
plt.legend()

當我運行它時，我得到一個TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len() error，如下所示：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\formatters.py in __call__(self, obj)
    339                 pass
    340             else:
--> 341                 return printer(obj)
    342             # Finally look for special method names
    343             method = get_real_method(obj, self.print_method)

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\pylabtools.py in <lambda>(fig)
    246 
    247     if 'png' in formats:
--> 248         png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs))
    249     if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats:
    250         png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\pylabtools.py in print_figure(fig, fmt, bbox_inches, **kwargs)
    130         FigureCanvasBase(fig)
    131 
--> 132     fig.canvas.print_figure(bytes_io, **kw)
    133     data = bytes_io.getvalue()
    134     if fmt == 'svg':

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backend_bases.py in print_figure(self, filename, dpi, facecolor, edgecolor, orientation, format, bbox_inches, pad_inches, bbox_extra_artists, backend, **kwargs)
   2228                        else suppress())
   2229                 with ctx:
-> 2230                     self.figure.draw(renderer)
   2231 
   2232             if bbox_inches:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     72     @wraps(draw)
     73     def draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs):
---> 74         result = draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     75         if renderer._rasterizing:
     76             renderer.stop_rasterizing()

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     49                 renderer.start_filter()
     50 
---> 51             return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     52         finally:
     53             if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py in draw(self, renderer)
   2732 
   2733             self.patch.draw(renderer)
-> 2734             mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(
   2735                 renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
   2736 

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
    130     if not_composite or not has_images:
    131         for a in artists:
--> 132             a.draw(renderer)
    133     else:
    134         # Composite any adjacent images together

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     49                 renderer.start_filter()
     50 
---> 51             return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     52         finally:
     53             if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\_api\deprecation.py in wrapper(*inner_args, **inner_kwargs)
    429                          else deprecation_addendum,
    430                 **kwargs)
--> 431         return func(*inner_args, **inner_kwargs)
    432 
    433     return wrapper

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py in draw(self, renderer, inframe)
   2923             renderer.stop_rasterizing()
   2924 
-> 2925         mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, artists)
   2926 
   2927         renderer.close_group('axes')

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
    130     if not_composite or not has_images:
    131         for a in artists:
--> 132             a.draw(renderer)
    133     else:
    134         # Composite any adjacent images together

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     49                 renderer.start_filter()
     50 
---> 51             return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     52         finally:
     53             if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\legend.py in draw(self, renderer)
    612 
    613         self.legendPatch.draw(renderer)
--> 614         self._legend_box.draw(renderer)
    615 
    616         renderer.close_group('legend')

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\offsetbox.py in draw(self, renderer)
    366         for c, (ox, oy) in zip(self.get_visible_children(), offsets):
    367             c.set_offset((px + ox, py + oy))
--> 368             c.draw(renderer)
    369 
    370         bbox_artist(self, renderer, fill=False, props=dict(pad=0.))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\offsetbox.py in draw(self, renderer)
    366         for c, (ox, oy) in zip(self.get_visible_children(), offsets):
    367             c.set_offset((px + ox, py + oy))
--> 368             c.draw(renderer)
    369 
    370         bbox_artist(self, renderer, fill=False, props=dict(pad=0.))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\offsetbox.py in draw(self, renderer)
    366         for c, (ox, oy) in zip(self.get_visible_children(), offsets):
    367             c.set_offset((px + ox, py + oy))
--> 368             c.draw(renderer)
    369 
    370         bbox_artist(self, renderer, fill=False, props=dict(pad=0.))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\offsetbox.py in draw(self, renderer)
    366         for c, (ox, oy) in zip(self.get_visible_children(), offsets):
    367             c.set_offset((px + ox, py + oy))
--> 368             c.draw(renderer)
    369 
    370         bbox_artist(self, renderer, fill=False, props=dict(pad=0.))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\offsetbox.py in draw(self, renderer)
    692             if self._clip_children and not (c.clipbox or c._clippath):
    693                 c.set_clip_path(tpath)
--> 694             c.draw(renderer)
    695 
    696         bbox_artist(self, renderer, fill=False, props=dict(pad=0.))

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     49                 renderer.start_filter()
     50 
---> 51             return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     52         finally:
     53             if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\collections.py in draw(self, renderer)
   1007     def draw(self, renderer):
   1008         self.set_sizes(self._sizes, self.figure.dpi)
-> 1009         super().draw(renderer)
   1010 
   1011 

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     49                 renderer.start_filter()
     50 
---> 51             return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
     52         finally:
     53             if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:

D:\anaconda\envs\tf-gpu\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\collections.py in draw(self, renderer)
    378         do_single_path_optimization = False
    379         if (len(paths) == 1 and len(trans) <= 1 and
--> 380                 len(facecolors) == 1 and len(edgecolors) == 1 and
    381                 len(self._linewidths) == 1 and
    382                 all(ls[1] is None for ls in self._linestyles) and

TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len()

這似乎是與c=進行着色和label=的交互。 如果我注釋掉顏色的東西（c=，cmap，colorbar），plot 會用一個圖例框渲染，我們看到它也適用於 colors 和 ZD304BA20E96D874141588EEABAC850E3。 我還嘗試重新啟動 kernel，結果相同。 我還沒有嘗試使用其他版本制作新環境，因為我想看看這是否只是我的，或者其他人可以復制的東西。

(BTW, On Colab, python 3.7.10, pandas 1.1.5, matplotlib 3.2.2, the code does appear to work (with a minor figsize complaint), so could be something about the more recent versions of these packages, or my設置...）

所以，請善待，但有人能指出我在這里錯過了什么愚蠢的事情嗎？ 有什么建議么？ 有人能復制嗎？

Answer 1

可能是舊版本中的一個錯誤，因為它在 matplotlib 的最新版本上運行良好。 建議只更新 matplotlib 和 pandas。 不要在它上面徘徊太多。