.ASP NET Core Identity - 無法解析“WebApp.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account.LoginModel”類型的服務

Question

我正在嘗試使用 Microsoft 提供的教程測試和設置基本身份登錄頁面： https://docs.microsoft.com/pl-pl/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity?view=aspnetcore-5.0&tabs =visual-studio我已經按照這些步驟，代碼是自動生成的。 為了測試它，我嘗試運行它。 主頁打開正常。 當我導航到登錄頁面 /Areas/Identity/Pages/Account/Login 時，我收到以下錯誤消息：

InvalidOperationException：嘗試激活“WebApp.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account.LoginModel”時，無法解析“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager`1[WebApp.Areas.Identity.Data.WebAppUser]”類型的服務。

我注意到了類似的問題，並按照其中一個問題進行了操作： 嘗試激活“AuthController”時無法解析類型“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager”的服務我嘗試修改 Startup.cs 文件，如下所示：

services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
        .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

雖然沒有解決問題。 我附在當前配置下方：

啟動.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UI;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using WebApp.Data;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using WebApp.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account;

namespace WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
                options.UseSqlServer(
                   Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
            services.AddDatabaseDeveloperPageExceptionFilter();
            services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
                .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

            services.AddRazorPages();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
                app.UseMigrationsEndPoint();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
                // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapRazorPages();
            });
        }
    }
}

登錄.cshtml.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UI.Services;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using WebApp.Areas.Identity.Data;

namespace WebApp.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account
{
    [AllowAnonymous]
    public class LoginModel : PageModel
    {
        private readonly UserManager<WebAppUser> _userManager;
        private readonly SignInManager<WebAppUser> _signInManager;
        private readonly ILogger<LoginModel> _logger;

        public LoginModel(SignInManager<WebAppUser> signInManager, 
            ILogger<LoginModel> logger,
            UserManager<WebAppUser> userManager)
        {
            _userManager = userManager;
            _signInManager = signInManager;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [BindProperty]
        public InputModel Input { get; set; }

        public IList<AuthenticationScheme> ExternalLogins { get; set; }

        public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }

        [TempData]
        public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }

        public class InputModel
        {
            [Required]
            [EmailAddress]
            public string Email { get; set; }

            [Required]
            [DataType(DataType.Password)]
            public string Password { get; set; }

            [Display(Name = "Remember me?")]
            public bool RememberMe { get; set; }
        }

        public async Task OnGetAsync(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessage))
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, ErrorMessage);
            }

            returnUrl ??= Url.Content("~/");

            // Clear the existing external cookie to ensure a clean login process
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(IdentityConstants.ExternalScheme);

            ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();

            ReturnUrl = returnUrl;
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            returnUrl ??= Url.Content("~/");

            ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();
        
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                // This doesn't count login failures towards account lockout
                // To enable password failures to trigger account lockout, set lockoutOnFailure: true
                var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(Input.Email, Input.Password, Input.RememberMe, lockoutOnFailure: false);
                if (result.Succeeded)
                {
                    _logger.LogInformation("User logged in.");
                    return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
                }
                if (result.RequiresTwoFactor)
                {
                    return RedirectToPage("./LoginWith2fa", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl, RememberMe = Input.RememberMe });
                }
                if (result.IsLockedOut)
                {
                    _logger.LogWarning("User account locked out.");
                    return RedirectToPage("./Lockout");
                }
                else
                {
                    ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Invalid login attempt.");
                    return Page();
                }
            }

            // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
            return Page();
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果您在創建和實現自定義用戶模型之前搭建 Identity，您將不得不再次搭建 Identity（覆蓋您以前的頁面）或手動替換 Identity 頁面中每個提及 IdentityUser 的自定義用戶模型。

您的自定義用戶模型還需要在以下某些文件中提及： ApplicationDbContext.cs ：這將是必需的。 例如：

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<CustomUser>

Startup.cs ：這將是必需的。 例如：

services.AddDefaultIdentity<CustomUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = false)

Program.cs ：可選，如果你從這里調用你的應用程序方法，你會想要傳遞 UserManager 服務，這需要定制的用戶模型。 例如：

var userManager = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<UserManager<CustomUser>>();

_LoginPartial.cshtml ：可選，如果您需要檢查用戶是否登錄以及使用哪個角色。 例如：

@inject SignInManager<CustomUser> SignInManager
@inject UserManager<CustomUser> UserManager