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給定總節點數和每個節點的度數,是否可以構建圖?

[英]Given the number of total nodes and degrees of each node, is it possible to construct a graph?

以立方體為例,有8個節點, 12條邊,每個節點連接3個節點。

使用networkx ,我必須手動輸入所有邊緣。 例如,下面的代碼是構建一個包含二十面體所有邊的圖(12 個節點,30 個邊,每個節點 5 個相鄰節點)。

import networkx as nx
G = nx.Graph()
nodes = list(range(12))
edges = [
    [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5],
    [1, 2], [1, 6], [1, 10], [1, 5],
    [2, 3], [2, 6], [2, 7],
    [3, 4], [3, 7], [3, 8],
    [4, 5], [4, 8], [4, 11], 
    [5, 11], [5, 10],
    [6, 7], [6, 9], [6, 10],
    [7, 8], [7, 9],
    [8, 9], [8, 11],
    [9, 10], [9, 11],
    [10, 11],
]
G.add_nodes_from(nodes)
G.add_edges_from(edges)

我的問題是如何在不手動編寫的情況下獲得所有可能的邊緣。 每個節點的名稱可以隨機初始化。

據我所知,igraph 中的 Erdős–Rényi model無法約束相鄰節點。

from igraph import *

g = Graph.Erdos_Renyi(12, m=30, directed=False)
g.get_edgelist()
"""
[(0, 1),
 (0, 2),
 (1, 3),
 (2, 3),
 (0, 4),
 (1, 4),
 (3, 5),
 (4, 6),
 (5, 6),
 (0, 7),
 (2, 7),
 (3, 7),
 (6, 7),
 (0, 8),
 (1, 8),
 (3, 8),
 (0, 9),
 (3, 9),
 (4, 9),
 (6, 9),
 (0, 10),    node10 has more than 5 edges.
 (2, 10),
 (3, 10),
 (5, 10),
 (7, 10),
 (8, 10),
 (1, 11),
 (2, 11),
 (4, 11),
 (9, 11)]
"""

您不能僅知道頂點數、邊數和每個頂點的邊數來創建唯一的平面圖。 一個簡單的反例:

以您的立方體示例為例,每個頂點有 8 個頂點、12 條邊和 3 條邊,那么您可以擁有:

[
  (A,B),(B,C),(C,D),(D,A), # top face of the cube.
  (E,F),(F,G),(G,H),(H,E), # bottom face of the cube.
  (A,E),(B,F),(C,G),(D,H)  # sides of the cube connecting top and bottom.
]

這將創建一個具有 6 個面的平面圖,其中每個面都有 4 條邊。

您同樣可以擁有:

[
  (A,B),(B,C),(C,D),(D,E),(E,F),(F,G),(G,H),(H,A), # cycle containing all vertices
  (A,C), # connect vertices 2 apart on the cycle.
  (B,D), # overlap previous and also connect vertices 2 apart on the cycle.
  (E,G), # connect vertices 2 apart on the cycle.
  (F,H)  # overlap previous and also connect vertices 2 apart on the cycle.
]

這將創建一個平面圖,其中包含 4 個三角形面和 2 個以 6 條邊為界的面。

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