Lambda docker base - 無法安裝 matplotlib

Question

我將 docker 支持的 lambda 與 AWS 提供的 python3.8 基礎映像一起使用。

看起來它試圖從頭開始構建 matplotlib，然后失敗並出現 gcc 相關錯誤。

重現很簡單，只需嘗試構建以下 Dockerfile：

FROM amazon/aws-lambda-python:3.8
RUN yum -y install gcc
RUN pip3 install --upgrade pip
RUN pip3 install matplotlib

錯誤：

#7 13.82     set build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/matplotlib/_version.py to '3.4.3'
#7 13.82     running build_ext
#7 13.82     creating tmp
#7 13.82     gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/var/lang/include/python3.8 -c /tmp/tmpjr1hj4f1.cpp -o tmp/tmpjr1hj4f1.o -fvisibility=hidden
#7 13.82     gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1plus': execvp: No such file or directory
#7 13.82     gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/var/lang/include/python3.8 -c /tmp/tmp74f416b5.cpp -o tmp/tmp74f416b5.o -fvisibility-inlines-hidden
#7 13.82     gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1plus': execvp: No such file or directory
#7 13.82     gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/var/lang/include/python3.8 -c /tmp/tmp19pyjmxw.cpp -o tmp/tmp19pyjmxw.o -flto
#7 13.82     gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1plus': execvp: No such file or directory
#7 13.82     Extracting /project/freetype/freetype2/2.6.1/freetype-2.6.1.tar.gz
#7 13.82     Building freetype in build/freetype-2.6.1
#7 13.82     GNU make (>= 3.80) or makepp (>= 1.19) is required to build FreeType2.
#7 13.82     Please try
#7 13.82     
#7 13.82       MAKE=<GNU make command name> ./configure
#7 13.82     
#7 13.82     or
#7 13.82     
#7 13.82       MAKE="makepp --norc-substitution" ./configure
#7 13.82     Traceback (most recent call last):
#7 13.82       File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
#7 13.82       File "/tmp/pip-install-v3njpp10/matplotlib_5bf0432199ce40b5a487eafc6a513cc3/setup.py", line 258, in <module>
#7 13.82         setup(  # Finally, pass this all along to distutils to do the heavy lifting.
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
#7 13.82         return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
#7 13.82         dist.run_commands()
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
#7 13.82         self.run_command(cmd)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
#7 13.82         cmd_obj.run()
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
#7 13.82         return orig.install.run(self)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/install.py", line 545, in run
#7 13.82         self.run_command('build')
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
#7 13.82         self.distribution.run_command(command)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
#7 13.82         cmd_obj.run()
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
#7 13.82         self.run_command(cmd_name)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
#7 13.82         self.distribution.run_command(command)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
#7 13.82         cmd_obj.run()
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 79, in run
#7 13.82         _build_ext.run(self)
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
#7 13.82         self.build_extensions()
#7 13.82       File "/tmp/pip-install-v3njpp10/matplotlib_5bf0432199ce40b5a487eafc6a513cc3/setup.py", line 199, in build_extensions
#7 13.82         package.do_custom_build(env)
#7 13.82       File "/tmp/pip-install-v3njpp10/matplotlib_5bf0432199ce40b5a487eafc6a513cc3/setupext.py", line 596, in do_custom_build
#7 13.82         subprocess.check_call(
#7 13.82       File "/var/lang/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 364, in check_call
#7 13.82         raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
#7 13.82     subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['./configure', '--with-zlib=no', '--with-bzip2=no', '--with-png=no', '--with-harfbuzz=no', '--enable-static', '--disable-shared']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
#7 13.82     ----------------------------------------
#7 13.83 ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /var/lang/bin/python3.8 -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-v3njpp10/matplotlib_5bf0432199ce40b5a487eafc6a513cc3/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-v3njpp10/matplotlib_5bf0432199ce40b5a487eafc6a513cc3/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-vdv6xdpv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /var/lang/include/python3.8/matplotlib Check the logs for full command output.

Answer 1

由於缺少編譯 matplotlib 所需的二進制文件，您似乎收到了錯誤消息。

您可以嘗試安裝額外的g++包嗎？ 它通常使用 yum 安裝程序命名為gcc-c++ ，因此：

FROM amazon/aws-lambda-python:3.8
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
RUN pip3 install --upgrade pip
RUN pip3 install matplotlib

Answer 2

修復方法是在嘗試編譯 matplotlib 之前將編譯器工具添加到 docker 映像。 我仍然不知道為什么這對我來說開始失敗，可能是基本圖像已更新。

RUN yum -y groups mark install "Development Tools" && yum -y groups mark convert "Development Tools" && yum -y group install "Development Tools"

Answer 3

我遇到了同樣的問題，我認為這是 matplotlib 的錯。 在撰寫本文時，他們在 17 小時前發布了一個新版本 (3.4.3) 。 對我來說，將版本設置為之前的小版本，即matplotlib==3.4.2修復了它。

直到今天我的 lambda 部署都沒有問題，我的代碼中沒有任何變化，所以我認為這是新版本中的一些東西，盡管我不知道究竟是什么。

Answer 4

我遇到了同樣的問題，我試圖使用 alpine 圖像在 docker 容器中安裝 matplotlib。 對我來說，修復與@alex9311 的修復相同，但由於我使用的是 docker alpine 構建，因此我將以下行添加到我的圖像中：

RUN apk update && apk add --no-cache build-base

我希望這有幫助。 僅將其添加為答案，以便在它可能有幫助時不會被忽視。

Answer 5

我能夠通過安裝“make”來解決這個問題。 在問題中發布的錯誤日志中有一個聲明

GNU make (>= 3.80) or makepp (>= 1.19) is required to build FreeType2.

這就是matplotlib安裝失敗的原因。 錯誤的原因是 docker 鏡像缺少 GNU make 的安裝。 接受的答案會在“開發工具”組（包括 make）中安裝所有不必要的包。 它會增加 docker 鏡像的大小，這可以通過只安裝“make”來避免。

FROM amazon/aws-lambda-python:3.8
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
RUN pip3 install --upgrade pip
RUN pip3 install matplotlib

在安裝matplotlib之前安裝make時matplotlib安裝成功

Answer 6

按照丹尼爾的建議更改版本也對我有用。 matplotlib==3.5.1在我的案例中有效。