[英]How to use appsettings.json in Asp.net core 6 Program.cs file
我正在嘗試在我的 Asp.net 核心 v6 應用程序 Program.cs 文件中訪問 appsettings.json,但是在這個版本的 .Net 中,Startup class 和 Program class 被合並在一起,使用和另一個語句被簡化並從 Program.cs 中刪除. 在這種情況下,如何訪問 IConfiguration 或如何使用依賴注入?
這是 Asp.net 6 為我創建的默認 Program.cs
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options =>
{
options.Configuration = "localhost:6379";
});
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new() { Title = "BasketAPI", Version = "v1" });
});
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI(c => c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "BasketAPI v1"));
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllers();
app.Run();
例如,我想在此行中使用 appsettings.json 而不是硬類型連接字符串:
options.Configuration = "localhost:6379";
雖然上面的示例有效,但執行此操作的方法如下:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options =>
{
options.Configuration = builder.Configuration["Redis"];
});
WebApplicationBuilder
有一個配置對象作為您可以使用的屬性。
appsettings.json 默認包含,可以直接使用。 如果要顯式包含文件,可以像這樣包含它們
builder.Configuration.AddJsonFile("errorcodes.json", false, true);
像這樣的依賴注入
builder.Services.AddDbContext<>() // like you would in older .net core projects.
如果我們在 appsettings 中有
"settings": {
"url": "myurl",
"username": "guest",
"password": "guest"
}
我們有課
public class Settings
{
public string Url { get; set; }
public string Username { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}
我們也可以使用
var settings = builder.Configuration.GetSection("Settings").Get<Settings>();
var url = settings.Url;
ETC....
假設一個appsettings.json
{
"RedisCacheOptions" : {
"Configuration": "localhost:6379"
}
}
沒有什么可以阻止您構建配置對象以提取所需的設置。
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
.Build();
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options => {
options.Configuration = configuration["RedisCacheOptions:Configuration"];
});
//...
創建一個類:
public class RedisCacheOptions
{
public string Configuration { get; set; }
}
然后,在您的program.cs
中,執行以下操作:
var redisCacheOptions = new RedisCacheOptions();
builder.Configuration.GetSection(nameof(RedisCacheOptions)).Bind(redisCacheOptions);
您現在可以通過簡單地說來訪問配置信息:
redisCacheOptions.Configuration
現在假設您在appSettings.json
中有一個嵌套結構,如下所示:
"AuthenticationConfiguration": {
"JwtBearerConfiguration": {
"Authority": "https://securetoken.google.com/somevalue",
"TokenValidationConfiguration": {
"Issuer": "https://securetoken.google.com/somevalue",
"Audience": "somevalue"
}
}
}
然后,您的類結構將類似於:
public class AuthenticationConfiguration
{
public JwtBearerConfiguration JwtBearerConfiguration { get; set; } = new JwtBearerConfiguration();
}
public class JwtBearerConfiguration
{
public string Authority { get; set; }
public TokenValidationConfiguration TokenValidationConfiguration { get; set; } =
new TokenValidationConfiguration();
}
public class TokenValidationConfiguration
{
public string Issuer { get; set; }
public string Audience { get; set; }
}
有了這個,如果你要這樣做:
var authConf = new AuthenticationConfiguration();
builder.Configuration.GetSection(nameof(AuthenticationConfiguration)).Bind(authConf);
然后在您的程序中,您可以訪問以下值:
AuthenticationConfiguration.JwtBearerConfiguration.Authority
這種方法可以讓您擺脫魔術字符串,再加上您獲得 IntelliSense,因此這是雙贏的。
在 Program.cs 中,嘗試以下代碼:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
ConfigurationManager configuration = builder.Configuration;
var rabbitMQSection = Configuration.GetSection("RabbitMQ");
var rabbitMQConnectionUrl = rabbitMQSection["ConnectionUrl"];
appsettings.json
文件在哪里:
"AllowedHosts": "*",
"RabbitMQ": {
"ConnectionUrl": "amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/"
}
已解決:在dotnet6的program.css中獲取appsetting值
應用設置.json
"AllowedHosts": "*",
"ServiceUrls": {
"EmployeeAPI": "https://localhost:44377/" },
程序.cs
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var provider = builder.Services.BuildServiceProvider();
var configuration = provider.GetService<IConfiguration>();
SD.EmployeeAPIBase = configuration.GetValue<string>("ServiceUrls:EmployeeAPI");
類靜態變量:
public static class SD //Static Details
{
public static string EmployeeAPIBase { get; set; }
}
最后,使用完整的 URL
URL = SD.EmployeeAPIBase + "api/EmpContact/GetGovernates"
在 .NET 6 中
appSettings.json
{
"Authentication": {
"CookieAuthentication": {
"LoginPath": "/Security/Login"
}
},
"TestValue" : "Testing data"
}
程序.cs
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var testValue = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("TestValue");
var cookieAuthenticationLoginPath = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("Authentication:CookieAuthentication:LoginPath");
這就是您在 Program.cs 文件中獲取 appsettings.json 值的方法。 這是樣本
appsettings.json
文件
"Jwt": {
"Key": "ThisismySecretKey",
"Issuer": "www.joydipkanjilal.net"
},
獲取Program.cs
文件中的值
var app = builder.Build();
var config = app.Configuration;
var key = config["Jwt:Key"];
var issuer = config["Jwt:Issuer"];
通過注入檢索appsettings.json
部分值
appsettings.json
部分:
{
"AppSettings": {
"Key": "Value"
}
}
AppSettings.cs
:
public class AppSettings
{
public string Key { get; set; }
}
Program.cs
:
builder.Services.AddOptions();
builder.Services.Configure<AppSettings>(
builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppSettings"));
通過構造函數注入IOptions<>
:
private readonly AppSettings _appSettings;
public HomeController(
IOptions<AppSettings> options)
{
_appSettings = options.Value;
}
您可以像這樣在Program.cs
中從appsettings.json
文件中讀取設置值:
var dbConnectionString = builder.Configuration.GetSection("ConnectionStrings:TestDbConnection").Value;
考慮到appsettings.json
文件中的設置如下所示:
"ConnectionStrings": {
"TestDbConnection": ""
}
除了@dimmits 和@Sarwarul Rizvi answares,如果你想讀取一個普通的鍵值對而不是映射到一個復雜的對象,你可以使用:
應用設置.json
{
"Logging": {
"LogLevel": {
"Default": "Information",
"Microsoft": "Information",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.SpaProxy": "Information",
"Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
}
},
"AllowedOrigins": "https://localhost:444/YourApplicationUri;https://localhost:7211",
"ConnectionStrings": {
"Default": "Connection String details"
}
}
程序.cs
ConfigurationManager configuration = builder.Configuration;
var allowedOrigins = configuration.GetValue<string>("AllowedOrigins");
這可以用於例如配置 Cors
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(allowedOrigins))
{
builder.Services.AddCors(options =>
{
var origins = allowedOrigins.Split(";");
options.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy", policy =>
{
policy.AllowAnyMethod()
.AllowAnyHeader()
.AllowCredentials()
.WithOrigins(origins);
});
});
}
稍后及以下 app.UseRouting();
app.UseCors("CorsPolicy");
你可以使用這個方法
builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("<connection string name>");
由於我的應用程序是一個 consol .NET Core 6 應用程序,我必須先安裝一個 nuget 包:
然后添加它們的相關用途:
然后我將此代碼添加到 Program.cs 文件中
// Build a config object, using env vars and JSON providers.
IConfiguration config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
.AddEnvironmentVariables()
.Build();
Settings settings = config.GetRequiredSection("Settings").Get<Settings>();
我有一個 Settings.cs class 來接受我的 appsettings.json 文件中的值
設置.cs
internal class Settings
{
public static string Setting1 { get; set; }
public static string Setting2 { get; set; }
public static string Setting3 { get; set; }
}
和 AppSettings.json
"Settings": {
"Setting1": "yep",
"Setting2": "nope",
"Setting3": "kjkj"
}
來自 Microsoft 的此資源幫助我了解新的 .NET Core 6 架構
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/extensions/configuration
聲明:本站的技術帖子網頁,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0協議,如果您需要轉載,請注明本站網址或者原文地址。任何問題請咨詢:yoyou2525@163.com.