[英]Selenium with webdriver.Firefox() crashes in GitHub Actions
[英]Running Selenium Webdriver in GitHub Actions for unit tests
I'm trying to run a unit test in GitHub actions before deploying my AWS Lambda , where I'm running Selenium Webdriver with a functioning Selenium-chromium lambda layer ( https://github.com/vittorio-nardone/selenium-chromium- λ )。 我在Python 3.6中運行我的環境並使用 ChromeDriver 版本 95.0.4638.54
我在運行單元測試時一直遇到這個錯誤:
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException:
Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally.
(chrome not reachable)
我使用了與運行 AWS Lambda 時相同的 Chrome 選項(有效):
lambda_options = [
'--autoplay-policy=user-gesture-required',
'--disable-background-networking',
'--disable-background-timer-throttling',
'--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows',
'--disable-breakpad',
'--disable-client-side-phishing-detection',
'--disable-component-update',
'--disable-default-apps',
'--disable-dev-shm-usage',
'--disable-domain-reliability',
'--disable-extensions',
'--disable-features=AudioServiceOutOfProcess',
'--disable-hang-monitor',
'--disable-ipc-flooding-protection',
'--disable-notifications',
'--disable-offer-store-unmasked-wallet-cards',
'--disable-popup-blocking',
'--disable-print-preview',
'--disable-prompt-on-repost',
'--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
'--disable-setuid-sandbox',
'--disable-speech-api',
'--disable-sync',
'--disk-cache-size=33554432',
'--hide-scrollbars',
'--ignore-gpu-blacklist',
'--ignore-certificate-errors',
'--metrics-recording-only',
'--mute-audio',
'--no-default-browser-check',
'--no-first-run',
'--no-pings',
'--no-sandbox',
'--no-zygote',
'--password-store=basic',
'--use-gl=swiftshader',
'--use-mock-keychain',
'--single-process',
'--headless']
for argument in lambda_options:
chrome_options.add_argument(argument)
使用 Lambda 特定的一些附加選項:
chrome_options.add_argument('--user-data-dir={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/user-data'))
chrome_options.add_argument('--data-path={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/data-path'))
chrome_options.add_argument('--homedir={}'.format(tmp_folder))
chrome_options.add_argument('--disk-cache-dir={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/cache-dir'))
chrome_options.binary_location = "/opt/bin/chromium"
最后,我正在啟動驅動程序:
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
這在 Lambda 中運行良好,但每次我嘗試在 GitHub 操作中運行單元測試時都會失敗。
這是在 GitHub 操作中運行作業時的配置:
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Set up Python 3.7
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: 3.7
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
.......
- name: Unit test
run: |
wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
sudo apt-get update -qqy
sudo apt-get -qqy install google-chrome-stable
CHROME_VERSION=$(google-chrome-stable --version)
CHROME_FULL_VERSION=${CHROME_VERSION%%.*}
CHROME_MAJOR_VERSION=${CHROME_FULL_VERSION//[!0-9]}
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
export CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION=`curl -s https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE_${CHROME_MAJOR_VERSION%%.*}`
curl -L -O "https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/${CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION}/chromedriver_linux64.zip"
unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip && chmod +x chromedriver && sudo mv chromedriver /usr/local/bin
export CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION=`curl -s https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE_${CHROME_MAJOR_VERSION%%.*}`
curl -L -O "https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/${CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION}/chromedriver_linux64.zip"
unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip && chmod +x chromedriver && sudo mv chromedriver /usr/local/bin
chromedriver -version
which chromedriver
which google-chrome
配置完全取自Selenium 自己進行的 GibHub 操作中的Chrome 設置( https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/selenium-4.0.0-beta-3/.github/actions/setup-chrome/ action.yml ),效果很好。
這個 GitHub 操作配置使用的是最新的 ChromeDriver,所以我都嘗試過舊版本(如前所述的 95.0.4638.54)和最新版本(96.0.4664.45),但我仍然遇到相同的錯誤:
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException:
Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally.
(chrome not reachable)
這是我需要添加到 Chrome 選項以使其工作的內容。
首先添加一個遠程調試端口:
chrome_options.add_argument('--remote-debugging-port=9222')
然后我還將二進制位置更改為以下位置, binary_location
選項適用於谷歌瀏覽器:
chrome_options.binary_location = "/usr/bin/google-chrome"
最后,正如這個答案中提到的( https://stackoverflow.com/a/60092331/6697714 ),我還向 Chrome 驅動程序添加了一個可執行路徑:
executable_path="/usr/local/bin/chromedriver"
lambda 配置保持不變:
lambda_options = [
'--autoplay-policy=user-gesture-required',
'--disable-background-networking',
'--disable-background-timer-throttling',
'--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows',
'--disable-breakpad',
'--disable-client-side-phishing-detection',
'--disable-component-update',
'--disable-default-apps',
'--disable-dev-shm-usage',
'--disable-domain-reliability',
'--disable-extensions',
'--disable-features=AudioServiceOutOfProcess',
'--disable-hang-monitor',
'--disable-ipc-flooding-protection',
'--disable-notifications',
'--disable-offer-store-unmasked-wallet-cards',
'--disable-popup-blocking',
'--disable-print-preview',
'--disable-prompt-on-repost',
'--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
'--disable-setuid-sandbox',
'--disable-speech-api',
'--disable-sync',
'--disk-cache-size=33554432',
'--hide-scrollbars',
'--ignore-gpu-blacklist',
'--ignore-certificate-errors',
'--metrics-recording-only',
'--mute-audio',
'--no-default-browser-check',
'--no-first-run',
'--no-pings',
'--no-sandbox',
'--no-zygote',
'--password-store=basic',
'--use-gl=swiftshader',
'--use-mock-keychain',
'--single-process',
'--headless',
]
for argument in lambda_options:
chrome_options.add_argument(argument)
以下是最終配置的樣子:
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
chrome_options.add_argument('--user-data-dir={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/user-data'))
chrome_options.add_argument('--data-path={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/data-path'))
chrome_options.add_argument('--homedir={}'.format(tmp_folder))
chrome_options.add_argument('--disk-cache-dir={}'.format(tmp_folder + '/cache-dir'))
chrome_options.add_argument('--remote-debugging-port=9222')
chrome_options.binary_location = "/usr/bin/google-chrome"
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options, executable_path="/usr/local/bin/chromedriver")
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