[英]Using Tkinter Drop-Down Menu choices as criteria for different commands
我被分配創建一個我選擇的簡單 Python 項目,目前我正在開發一個小的 Tkinter GUI 應用程序。 成功編寫了負責多個下拉菜單的代碼部分后,我想知道如何使用用戶選擇的選項組合來創建打開指定 window 的命令。 有什么巧妙的方法嗎? 以某種方式定義構建按鈕命令的 function 中的選項組合是否足夠? 非常感謝您對此提出任何建議。
#first drop-down menu
options1 = [
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen1 = StringVar()
chosen1.set('............')
vyber1 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen1, *options1)
vyber1.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.35, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
# second drop-down menu
options2 = [
'............',
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen2 = StringVar()
chosen2.set('............')
vyber2 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen2, *options2)
vyber2.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.46, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
#third drop-down menu
options3 = [
'............',
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen3 = StringVar()
chosen3.set('............')
vyber3 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen3, *options3)
vyber3.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.57, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
在 Python 中執行此操作的“整潔”且有序的方法是通過字典將map的每個選項組合到所需的窗口打開 function。 查找要調用的 function 只需將當前選擇組合在一起形成一個字典鍵,然后使用它查找相應的 function 來調用。
下面是一個可運行的示例:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
whiteboard = tk.Tk()
whiteboard.geometry('300x300')
#first drop-down menu
options1 = ['1', '2', '3']
chosen1 = tk.StringVar(value=options1[0])
vyber1 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen1, *options1)
vyber1.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.35, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
# second drop-down menu
options2 = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
chosen2 = tk.StringVar(value=options2[0])
vyber2 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen2, *options2)
vyber2.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.46, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
#third drop-down menu
options3 = ['Red', 'Green', 'Blue', 'Yellow']
chosen3 = tk.StringVar(value=options3[0])
vyber3 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen3, *options3)
vyber3.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.57, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
# Window opening functions.
def open_window_1ARed():
new_win = tk.Toplevel(whiteboard, width=80, height=20)
new_win.title('1-A-Red window')
tk.Label(new_win, text='Hello world').pack()
def open_window_1BBlue():
new_win = tk.Toplevel(whiteboard, width=80, height=20)
new_win.title('1-B-Blue window')
tk.Label(new_win, text='Hello world').pack()
def display_error():
messagebox.showerror('Sorry', "Unsupported combination!")
# Dictionary mapping combinations of choices to functions.
open_windows_commands = {
'1ARed': open_window_1ARed,
'1BBlue': open_window_1BBlue,
}
def open_window():
key = f'{chosen1.get()}{chosen2.get()}{chosen3.get()}'
open_window_command = open_windows_commands.get(key, display_error)
open_window_command()
btn = tk.Button(whiteboard, text='Open window', command=open_window)
btn.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.80)
whiteboard.mainloop()
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