[英]Using Tkinter Drop-Down Menu choices as criteria for different commands
我被分配创建一个我选择的简单 Python 项目,目前我正在开发一个小的 Tkinter GUI 应用程序。 成功编写了负责多个下拉菜单的代码部分后,我想知道如何使用用户选择的选项组合来创建打开指定 window 的命令。 有什么巧妙的方法吗? 以某种方式定义构建按钮命令的 function 中的选项组合是否足够? 非常感谢您对此提出任何建议。
#first drop-down menu
options1 = [
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen1 = StringVar()
chosen1.set('............')
vyber1 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen1, *options1)
vyber1.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.35, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
# second drop-down menu
options2 = [
'............',
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen2 = StringVar()
chosen2.set('............')
vyber2 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen2, *options2)
vyber2.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.46, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
#third drop-down menu
options3 = [
'............',
'............',
'............',
'............'
]
chosen3 = StringVar()
chosen3.set('............')
vyber3 = OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen3, *options3)
vyber3.place(relx = 0.35, rely = 0.57, relwidth = 0.35, relheight = 0.05)
在 Python 中执行此操作的“整洁”且有序的方法是通过字典将map的每个选项组合到所需的窗口打开 function。 查找要调用的 function 只需将当前选择组合在一起形成一个字典键,然后使用它查找相应的 function 来调用。
下面是一个可运行的示例:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
whiteboard = tk.Tk()
whiteboard.geometry('300x300')
#first drop-down menu
options1 = ['1', '2', '3']
chosen1 = tk.StringVar(value=options1[0])
vyber1 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen1, *options1)
vyber1.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.35, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
# second drop-down menu
options2 = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
chosen2 = tk.StringVar(value=options2[0])
vyber2 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen2, *options2)
vyber2.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.46, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
#third drop-down menu
options3 = ['Red', 'Green', 'Blue', 'Yellow']
chosen3 = tk.StringVar(value=options3[0])
vyber3 = tk.OptionMenu(whiteboard, chosen3, *options3)
vyber3.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.57, relwidth=0.35, relheight=0.10)
# Window opening functions.
def open_window_1ARed():
new_win = tk.Toplevel(whiteboard, width=80, height=20)
new_win.title('1-A-Red window')
tk.Label(new_win, text='Hello world').pack()
def open_window_1BBlue():
new_win = tk.Toplevel(whiteboard, width=80, height=20)
new_win.title('1-B-Blue window')
tk.Label(new_win, text='Hello world').pack()
def display_error():
messagebox.showerror('Sorry', "Unsupported combination!")
# Dictionary mapping combinations of choices to functions.
open_windows_commands = {
'1ARed': open_window_1ARed,
'1BBlue': open_window_1BBlue,
}
def open_window():
key = f'{chosen1.get()}{chosen2.get()}{chosen3.get()}'
open_window_command = open_windows_commands.get(key, display_error)
open_window_command()
btn = tk.Button(whiteboard, text='Open window', command=open_window)
btn.place(relx=0.35, rely=0.80)
whiteboard.mainloop()
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