從 shapefile 中提取 Long/Lat 並計算兩組坐標之間的最近距離
[英]Extracting Long/Lat from a shapefile and calculating nearest distance between two sets of coordinates
問題描述
我有兩組正在使用的數據。 第一個是地址列表及其各自的經度和緯度坐標：
首先是地址列表及其長/緯度坐標：
library(dplyr)
library(tidygeocoder)
library(tigris)
library(rgeos)
library(sf)
addresses <-
structure(
list(
id = c(
107234063L,
106950145L,
107256562L,
107277550L,
106952865L,
106858955L,
104019143L,
102264960L,
101690658L,
107259458L
),
streetno = c(12700L, 2016L, 311L, 3405L,
2400L, 711L, 2400L, 406L, 14002L, 1502L),
streetname = c(
"Stafford",
"Dunlavy",
"Branard",
"Shepherd",
"Fountain View",
"William",
"Braeswood",
"Hawthorne",
"Hempstead",
"Quitman"
),
city = c(
"Stafford",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston",
"Houston"
),
state = c("TX", "TX", "TX",
"TX", "TX", "TX", "TX", "TX", "TX", "TX"),
zip5 = c(
77477L,
77006L,
77006L,
77018L,
77057L,
77002L,
77030L,
77006L,
77040L,
77009L
),
vaddress = c(
"12700 Stafford Rd",
"2016 Dunlavy St",
"311 Branard St",
"3405 N Shepherd Dr",
"2400 Fountain View Dr",
"711 William St",
"2400 N Braeswood Blvd",
"406 Hawthorne St",
"14002 Hempstead Rd",
"1502 Quitman St"
),
countyname = c(
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris",
"Harris"
),
hdname = c(0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L),
complete_address = c(
"12700 Stafford Rd, Stafford, TX 77477",
"2016 Dunlavy St, Houston, TX 77006",
"311 Branard St, Houston, TX 77006",
"3405 N Shepherd Dr, Houston, TX 77018",
"2400 Fountain View Dr, Houston, TX 77057",
"711 William St, Houston, TX 77002",
"2400 N Braeswood Blvd, Houston, TX 77030",
"406 Hawthorne St, Houston, TX 77006",
"14002 Hempstead Rd, Houston, TX 77040",
"1502 Quitman St, Houston, TX 77009"
),
longlat = structure(
list(
singlelineaddress = c(
"12700 Stafford Rd, Stafford, TX 77477",
"2016 Dunlavy St, Houston, TX 77006",
"311 Branard St, Houston, TX 77006",
"3405 N Shepherd Dr, Houston, TX 77018",
"2400 Fountain View Dr, Houston, TX 77057",
"711 William St, Houston, TX 77002",
"2400 N Braeswood Blvd, Houston, TX 77030",
"406 Hawthorne St, Houston, TX 77006",
"14002 Hempstead Rd, Houston, TX 77040",
"1502 Quitman St, Houston, TX 77009"
),
lat = c(
29.634542,
29.74779,
29.737116,
29.817532,
29.742098,
29.76709,
29.698315,
29.742435,
29.850826,
29.783348
),
long = c(
-95.545334,
-95.40214,-95.383736,
-95.41044,
-95.48542,
-95.35345,
-95.415306,-95.38407,
-95.52886,
-95.35297
)
),
row.names = c(NA,-10L),
class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame")
)
),
row.names = 353:362,
class = "data.frame"
)
下一組坐標來自下載以下 shapefile：
texas_hd <- state_legislative_districts("TX", house = "lower")
所以我想做的是雙重的：
從
texas_hd文件中提取長/緯度坐標在
addresses中創建一個新列，將每行的長/緯度坐標映射到texas_hd中最近的SLDLST代碼
例如， 2016 Dunlavy St, Houston, TX 77006的地址應該是來自SLDLST的 134
1 個解決方案
解決方案1
0 2022-02-02 19:03:39
請在下面找到一種可能的解決方案來回答您的兩個請求。
代表
- 問題 1 的代碼
library(sf)
library(tigris)
library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)
texas_hd <- state_legislative_districts("TX", house = "lower")
texas_hd_coords <- texas_hd %>%
sf::st_coordinates() %>%
as.data.frame() %>%
dplyr::select(X,Y) %>%
dplyr::rename(long = X, lat = Y)
- 問題1的Output
head(texas_hd_coords)
#> long lat
#> 1 -97.81123 30.23370
#> 2 -97.81115 30.23384
#> 3 -97.81105 30.23400
#> 4 -97.81096 30.23416
#> 5 -97.81037 30.23516
#> 6 -97.80993 30.23587
- 問題 2 的代碼
注意：不知道您希望最終結果是什么，最后一行代碼刪除了texas_hd的所有列，除了SLDLST列。 因此，如有必要，您可以通過刪除select(-c(...))中包含的列輕松地在最終結果中添加所需的列
addresses <- addresses %>%
dplyr::as_tibble() %>%
tidyr::unnest(., cols = c(longlat)) %>%
sf::st_as_sf(., coords = c("long", "lat"), crs = 4326) %>%
sf::st_transform(., crs = 4269) %>%
sf::st_join(., texas_hd, join = st_nearest_feature) %>%
dplyr::select(-c(GEOID, NAMELSAD, LSAD, LSY, MTFCC, FUNCSTAT, ALAND, AWATER, INTPTLAT, INTPTLON))
- 問題2的Output
addresses
#> Simple feature collection with 10 features and 13 fields
#> Geometry type: POINT
#> Dimension: XY
#> Bounding box: xmin: -95.54533 ymin: 29.63454 xmax: -95.35297 ymax: 29.85083
#> Geodetic CRS: NAD83
# A tibble: 10 x 14
#> id streetno streetname city state zip5 vaddress countyname hdname complete_address singlelineaddre~ geometry STATEFP SLDLST
#> <int> <int> <chr> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr> <POINT [°]> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 107234063 12700 Stafford Stafford TX 77477 12700 Stafford Rd Harris 0 12700 Stafford Rd, Staffor~ 12700 Stafford ~ (-95.54533 29.63454) 48 027
#> 2 106950145 2016 Dunlavy Houston TX 77006 2016 Dunlavy St Harris 0 2016 Dunlavy St, Houston, ~ 2016 Dunlavy St~ (-95.40214 29.74779) 48 134
#> 3 107256562 311 Branard Houston TX 77006 311 Branard St Harris 0 311 Branard St, Houston, T~ 311 Branard St,~ (-95.38374 29.73712) 48 147
#> 4 107277550 3405 Shepherd Houston TX 77018 3405 N Shepherd Dr Harris 0 3405 N Shepherd Dr, Housto~ 3405 N Shepherd~ (-95.41044 29.81753) 48 148
#> 5 106952865 2400 Fountain View Houston TX 77057 2400 Fountain View Dr Harris 0 2400 Fountain View Dr, Hou~ 2400 Fountain V~ (-95.48542 29.7421) 48 133
#> 6 106858955 711 William Houston TX 77002 711 William St Harris 0 711 William St, Houston, T~ 711 William St,~ (-95.35345 29.76709) 48 142
#> 7 104019143 2400 Braeswood Houston TX 77030 2400 N Braeswood Blvd Harris 0 2400 N Braeswood Blvd, Hou~ 2400 N Braeswoo~ (-95.41531 29.69832) 48 134
#> 8 102264960 406 Hawthorne Houston TX 77006 406 Hawthorne St Harris 0 406 Hawthorne St, Houston,~ 406 Hawthorne S~ (-95.38407 29.74244) 48 147
#> 9 101690658 14002 Hempstead Houston TX 77040 14002 Hempstead Rd Harris 0 14002 Hempstead Rd, Housto~ 14002 Hempstead~ (-95.52886 29.85083) 48 139
#> 10 107259458 1502 Quitman Houston TX 77009 1502 Quitman St Harris 0 1502 Quitman St, Houston, ~ 1502 Quitman St~ (-95.35297 29.78335) 48 148
由代表 package (v2.0.1) 於 2022 年 2 月 2 日創建
distm 函數，比較 2 個坐標的列表（2 組長/緯度坐標）並找出它們之間的距離
[英]distm function, to compare a list of 2 coordinates (2 sets of long/lat coordinates) and find distance between them
返回兩個數據框中兩個長緯度坐標的每一行與每一列之間的最小距離
[英]Return minimum distance between each row and each column of two long lat coordinates in two dataframes
計算同一 data.frame 中兩個長/緯度點之間的距離
[英]Calculating the distance between two long/lat points in the same data.frame
計算 3D (NED) 地理坐標（緯度、經度、深度）之間的距離
[英]Calculate Distance Between 3D (NED) Geographic Coordinates (Lat, Long, Depth)
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