Autowired MockMvc 是 null 與 JUnit 5 和 Spring 啟動

Question

我有一個 class 測試，當我運行測試時會向我發送一個錯誤。 我關注了幾個線程，並且我有正確的導入“import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test”所以我不明白為什么它會給我這個錯誤：

無法調用“org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc.perform(org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder)”因為“this.mockMvc”是Z37AZABD78664

我的代碼：

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@WebMvcTest(TestController.class)
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private CreateMessageProvider createMessageProvider;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/test"))
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("OK"));
    }
}

Gradle 配置：

        mockitoCoreVersion = '4.6.1'
        mockitoJunitJupiterVersion = '4.6.1'
        springBootTestVersion = '2.7.2'
        springTestVersion = '5.3.22'

    testImplementation "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:$springBootTestVersion"
    testImplementation "org.springframework:spring-test:$springTestVersion"
    testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:$mockitoJunitJupiterVersion"
    testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-core:$mockitoCoreVersion"

編輯：我找到了解決方案。 我的 gradle 文件沒有這個依賴：

testImplementation "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:2.7.2"

Answer 1

嘗試

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@SpringBootTest
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private CreateMessageProvider createMessageProvider;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/test"))
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("OK"));
    }
}

Answer 2

使用這些注釋：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@ExtendWith({RestDocumentationExtension.class, SpringExtension.class})