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如何在沒有截圖的情況下保存 tkinter window 的樣子? (可能是 numpy 陣列?)

[英]How to save what a tkinter window looks like without screenshot? (Possibly a numpy array?)

我有一個簡短的程序,可以生成 1、2、3 和 4 個隨機彩色圓圈的圖像來訓練神經網絡。 我的問題是,僅制作 4000 張圖像大約需要 20-30 分鍾,而我需要大約 50000 張圖像。 我目前的方法是創建圖像,對其進行截圖,然后刪除 tkinter object 並重新啟動。 The issue is, windows 11 has a little fade in/slide animation when a new window is created, only about 200 ms, but it adds up quite a bit, because I need to wait for the animation to finish to take the screenshot.

所以我的問題是,除了屏幕截圖,還有其他方法可以保存 tkinter canvas 嗎?

我想指出的是,我將這些圖像放入 numpy 數組中,因此可以選擇將其直接放入數組中,但我需要某種方法將其保存為文件,因此我不需要每次都生成圖像。

我當前的代碼(僅顯示我如何制作 4 個圓圈)

from PIL import ImageGrab
from tkinter import *
from random import choice, randint

colors = ["red", "blue", "green", "yellow", "orange", "purple", "black"]

s = 1   #scale 1 = 50x50 px canvas, 20x20 px circles

def four(i):
    def ss():
        x, y = screen.winfo_rootx(), screen.winfo_rooty()
        w, h = screen.winfo_width(), screen.winfo_height()
        img = ImageGrab.grab((x, y, x + w, y + h))
        img.save(f"4MC{i}.jpg")

    def des():
        root.destroy()
    
    root = Tk()

    screen = Canvas(root, width = 50 * s, height = 50 * s, bg="white")
    screen.pack()

    colors = ["red", "blue", "green", "yellow", "orange", "purple", "black"]

    x = randint(1 * s, 19 * s)
    y = randint(1 * s, 19 * s)

    screen.create_oval(x, y, x + 10 * s, y + 10 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
    screen.create_oval(x, y + 20 * s, x + 10 * s, y + 30 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
    screen.create_oval(x + 20 * s, y, x + 30 * s, y + 10 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
    screen.create_oval(x + 20 * s, y + 20 * s, x + 30 * s, y + 30 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")

    root.after(200, ss)
    root.after(300, des)

    root.mainloop()

for i in range(1000):
    four(i)

我認為您在每次迭代中銷毀和創建新 window 的方法是乏味的。 相反,您可以每次清除 canvas 並繼續創建這個隨機圓圈,然后單擊它的圖片。

from PIL import ImageGrab
from tkinter import *
from random import choice, randint

root = Tk()
colors = ["red", "blue", "green", "yellow", "orange", "purple", "black"]
s = 1 #scale 1 = 50x50 px canvas, 20x20 px circles
i = 1 # Variable for creating numbers in file-name: 1,2,3,...
LIMIT = 10 # Variable to keep limit of how many iterations/image

def create(i):
    if i <= LIMIT:
        screen.delete('all')
        
        x = randint(1 * s, 19 * s)
        y = randint(1 * s, 19 * s)

        screen.create_oval(x         , y         , x + 10 * s, y + 10 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
        screen.create_oval(x         , y + 20 * s, x + 10 * s, y + 30 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
        screen.create_oval(x + 20 * s, y         , x + 30 * s, y + 10 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
        screen.create_oval(x + 20 * s, y + 20 * s, x + 30 * s, y + 30 * s, fill=choice(colors), outline="")
        
        if i == 1: # If it is first iteration, then the event loop hasnt been entered, so give a delay
            root.after(200, capture, screen, f'4MC{i}')
        else:
            # Give a general delay of 100ms before capturing the image
            root.after(100, capture, screen, f'4MC{i}')

        i += 1
        root.after(300, create, i) # Give a delay of 300ms before creating the circle

def capture(wid, file_name='img',file_format='png'):
    """Take screenshot of the passed widget"""
    
    x0 = wid.winfo_rootx()
    y0 = wid.winfo_rooty()
    x1 = x0 + wid.winfo_width()
    y1 = y0 + wid.winfo_height()
    
    im = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=(x0, y0, x1, y1)) # bbox means boundingbox, which is shown in the image below
    im.save(f'{file_name}.{file_format}')  # Can also say im.show() to display it

screen = Canvas(root, width = 50 * s, height = 50 * s, bg="white")
screen.pack()

create(i)

root.mainloop()

我用從我的另一個答案中獲取的capture替換了您的ss ,邏輯相同但增加了更多靈活性,您可以使用 function 進行必要的更改。 我建議您首先使用LIMIT = 10運行它並檢查延遲是否正常,如果不是,您可以調整它,然后繼續生成 50000 圖像集。

如果您還想將圖像轉換/加載為numpy數組,請查看下面的第一個參考鏈接。

額外參考:

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