CuPy CUDA - 導入 CuPy 失敗

Question

我已經在 pyCharms 上使用 pip install cupy-cuda117 安裝了正確版本的 CuPy，因為我的 CUDA 是 11.7 版。 我的 Python 版本是 3.8。 我也設置了環境變量，但我仍然收到此消息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Dominic\PycharmProjects\Project_Trading\venv\lib\site-packages\cupy\__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
    from cupy import _core  # NOQA
  File "C:\Users\Dominic\PycharmProjects\Project_Trading\venv\lib\site-packages\cupy\_core\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from cupy._core import core  # NOQA
  File "cupy\_core\core.pyx", line 1, in init cupy._core.core
  File "C:\Users\Dominic\PycharmProjects\Project_Trading\venv\lib\site-packages\cupy\cuda\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from cupy.cuda import compiler  # NOQA
  File "C:\Users\Dominic\PycharmProjects\Project_Trading\venv\lib\site-packages\cupy\cuda\compiler.py", line 13, in <module>
    from cupy.cuda import device
  File "cupy\cuda\device.pyx", line 1, in init cupy.cuda.device
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing runtime: The specified module could not be found.

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Dominic/PycharmProjects/Project_Trading/regression_to_classification.py", line 77, in <module>
    import cupy
  File "C:\Users\Dominic\PycharmProjects\Project_Trading\venv\lib\site-packages\cupy\__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
    raise ImportError(f'''
ImportError: 
================================================================
Failed to import CuPy.

If you installed CuPy via wheels (cupy-cudaXXX or cupy-rocm-X-X), make sure that the package matches with the version of CUDA or ROCm installed.

On Linux, you may need to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable depending on how you installed CUDA/ROCm.
On Windows, try setting CUDA_PATH environment variable.

Check the Installation Guide for details:
  https://docs.cupy.dev/en/latest/install.html

Original error:
  ImportError: DLL load failed while importing runtime: The specified module could not be found.
================================================================


Process finished with exit code 1

這是一些附加信息：

Answer 1

我最近在嘗試安裝cupy時遇到了類似的問題。 這些是最終導致導入錯誤的步驟：

1. 嘗試pip install cupy 。
2. 意識到這花費的時間太長和/或需要編譯器等。
3. 停止安裝/構建。
4. 安裝其中一個預制輪子（例如pip install cupy-cuda11x ）。
5. 請注意，以某種方式安裝了cupy包（可能是第一階段的殘余）。
6. pip uninstall cupy刪除不應該存在的cupy庫。 << 這是導致問題的階段！

上面的最后一步打破了 wheel 安裝程序創建的任何映射，盡管安裝了一個名為cupy-cuda11x的包，但允許import cupy cupy。

對我有用的解決方案是刪除所有cupy*包並僅安裝 wheel 發行版。 在問題中顯示的情況下，重新安裝cupy-cuda11x應該可以解決問題。